| Progesterone for premenstrual syndrome |
| Progesterone for preventing pre-eclampsia and its complications |
| Progesterone for traumatic brain injury |
| Progesterone receptor modulators for endometriosis |
| Progestin intrauterine devices versus copper intrauterine devices for emergency contraception |
| Progestin-only pills for contraception |
| Progestogen for preventing miscarriage |
| Progestogen for treating threatened miscarriage |
| Progestogen only versus combined oral contraceptive pills for fibroid related heavy menstrual bleeding |
| Progestogens for hot flushes |
| Progestogens or progestogen-releasing intrauterine systems for uterine fibroids (other than preoperative medical therapy) |
| Progestogens versus gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRH) agonists, GnRH antagonists and other progestogens for women undergoing assisted reproductive technology (ART) |
| Progestogens with or without oestrogen for irregular menstrual bleeding |
| Prognosis of adults with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis without treatment or without effective therapies |
| Prognosis of surgically resected clinical stage 1A non-small cell lung cancers manifesting as a subsolid nodule on computed tomography including pure ground glass nodules |
| Prognostic accuracy of imaging findings for predicting morbidity and mortality in patients with COVID-19 |
| Prognostic factors for predicting progression of open angle glaucoma in adults |
| Prognostic factors for return to work following knee arthroplasty |
| Prognostic factors predicting an unprovoked seizure recurrence in children and adults following a first unprovoked seizure |
| Prognostic models for colorectal cancer incidence and mortality in patients with inflammatory bowel disease |
| Prognostic models for predicting recurrence and survival in women with endometrial cancer |
| Prognostic models for predicting the severity and mortality in people with acute pancreatitis |
| Prognostic models for radiation-induced complications after radiotherapy in head and neck cancer patients |
| Prognostic value of blood eosinophils for predicting survival and treatment outcomes in people with non-small cell lung cancer |
| Prognostic value of the androgen receptor in addition to the established hormone receptors and HER2 status for predicting survival in women with early breast cancer |
| Programmes based in primary schools designed to help prevent tooth decay by changing children's behaviour |
| Programmes, policies and work practices that reduce aggression by patients towards healthcare workers |
| Programs for preventing pregnancy and disease through better condom use |
| Programs for preventing pregnancy and disease through using two methods of contraception |
| Programs to improve birth control use by postpartum women |
| Progressive resistance strength training for improving physical function in older adults |
| Progressive resistive exercise interventions for adults living with HIV/AIDS |
| Prolonged antibiotics for purulent bronchiectasis in children and adults |
| Prolonged lung inflation for resuscitation of babies at birth |
| Prolonged storage of packed red blood cells (storage of 21 days or more) in comparison with fresh cells on recipients of blood transfusion |
| Prolonged versus short course of indomethacin for the treatment of patent ductus arteriosus in preterm infants |
| Prolotherapy injections for chronic low-back pain |
| Promoting cough in critically-ill adults and children to enable removal of the breathing tube (extubation) and breathing without the machine (weaning) |
| Promoting evidence-based health care in Africa |
| Promoting patient uptake and adherence in cardiac rehabilitation |
| Promoting the use of information and communication technologies (ICTs) by health care professionals |
| Prompts to encourage appointment attendance for people with serious mental illness |
| Prone (face-down) position for mechanical ventilation of adults with acute respiratory failure |
| Prone position for management of respiratory failure in non-intubated adults |
| Prophylactic (preventive) chemotherapy for hydatidiform mole (molar pregnancy) to prevent cancerous growth later |
| Prophylactic administration of colony-stimulating factors reduces hospital stay and risk of infections in children with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia |
| Prophylactic anastomotic drainage for colorectal surgery |
| Prophylactic animal derived surfactant extract for preventing morbidity and mortality in preterm infants |
| Prophylactic antibiotic therapy for chronic bronchitis |
| Prophylactic antibiotic therapy for people with chronic obstructive lung disease (COPD) |
| Prophylactic antibiotics for infection control in patients with penetrating chest trauma |
| Prophylactic antibiotics for inhibiting preterm labour in women whose membranes are still intact |
| Prophylactic antibiotics for people with COPD |
| Prophylactic antibiotics for preventing gram-positive infections associated with long-term central venous catheters in adults and children receiving treatment for cancer |
| Prophylactic antibiotics for preventing recurrent symptomatic episodes of acute diverticulitis |
| Prophylactic antibiotics for transcervical intrauterine procedures |
| Prophylactic antibiotics for tube thoracostomy |
| Prophylactic antibiotics or G(M)-CSF for the prevention of infections in cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy |
| Prophylactic antibiotics to prevent infection after cervical excision |
| Prophylactic antibiotics to reduce morbidity and mortality in neonates with umbilical artery catheters |
| Prophylactic antibiotics to reduce morbidity and mortality in neonates with umbilical venous catheters |
| Prophylactic antibiotics to reduce morbidity and mortality in newborn infants with intercostal catheters |
| Prophylactic antibiotics to reduce morbidity and mortality in ventilated newborn infants |
| Prophylactic antibiotics to reduce the risk of urinary tract infections after urodynamic studies |
| Prophylactic antiemetics for adults receiving intravenous opioids in the acute care setting |
| Prophylactic antiemetics for adults receiving intravenous opioids in the acute care setting |
| Prophylactic blood thinners for the prevention of death and venous thromboembolism in COVID-19 outpatients |
| Prophylactic caffeine to prevent postoperative apnoea following general anaesthesia in preterm infants |
| Prophylactic cholecystectomy should be offered to patients whose gallbladders remain in-situ after endoscopic sphincterotomy and common bile duct clearance |
| Prophylactic colony-stimulating factors to prevent infectious complications in patients with breast cancer undergoing chemotherapy |
| Prophylactic corticosteroids for preterm birth |
| Prophylactic cranial irradiation for extensive-stage small cell lung cancer |
| Prophylactic cranial irradiation for patients with limited-stage small cell lung cancer |
| Prophylactic cranial irradiation improves survival rate of patients with small-cell lung cancer in complete remission |
| Prophylactic cyclo-oxygenase inhibitor drugs to prevent morbidity and mortality in preterm infants |
| Prophylactic cyclo-oxygenase inhibitor drugs to prevent morbidity and mortality in preterm infants |
| Prophylactic doxapram for the prevention of morbidity and mortality in preterm infants undergoing endotracheal extubation |
| Prophylactic drug management for febrile seizures in children |
| Prophylactic ergometrine-oxytocin versus oxytocin for the third stage of labour |
| Prophylactic interventions after delivery of placenta for reducing bleeding during the postnatal period |
| Prophylactic intravenous indomethacin for preventing mortality and morbidity in preterm infants |
| Prophylactic intravenous preloading for regional analgesia in labour |
| Prophylactic lidocaine for myocardial infarction |
| Prophylactic manual rotation for fetal malposition to reduce operative delivery and reduce complications for mothers and babies |
| Prophylactic methylxanthine for prevention of apnoea in preterm infants |
| Prophylactic methylxanthines for extubation in preterm infants |
| Prophylactic non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) for the prevention of macular oedema after cataract surgery |
| Prophylactic oral betamimetics for preventing preterm labour in singleton pregnancies |
| Prophylactic oral/topical non-absorbed antifungal agents to prevent invasive fungal infection in very low birth weight infants |
| Prophylactic paracetamol for the prevention of fever in children receiving vaccination as part of a standard childhood immunization schedule |
| Prophylactic phototherapy for preventing jaundice in preterm very low birth weight infants |
| Prophylactic postnatal thyroid hormones for prevention of morbidity and mortality in preterm infants |
| Prophylactic protein free synthetic surfactant for preventing morbidity and mortality in preterm infants |
| Prophylactic surgical ligation of patent ductus arteriosus for prevention of mortality and morbidity in extremely low birth weight infants |
| Prophylactic systemic antibiotics to reduce morbidity and mortality in neonates with central venous catheters |
| Prophylactic systemic antifungal agents to prevent mortality and morbidity in very low birth weight infants |
| Prophylactic treatment with monoclonal antibodies targeting the CGRP pathway for migraine prevention |
| Prophylactic versus selective antibiotics for term newborn infants of mothers with risk factors for neonatal infection |
| Prophylactic versus selective blood transfusion for sickle cell anaemia during pregnancy |
| Prophylactic versus selective use of surfactant in preventing morbidity and mortality in preterm infants |
| Prophylactic versus therapeutic amnioinfusion for oligohydramnios in labour |
| Prophylactic vitamin K for the prevention of vitamin K deficiency bleeding in preterm neonates |
| Prophylactic vitamin K for vitamin K deficiency bleeding in neonates |
| Prophylaxis for stress-related gastrointestinal bleeding |
| Prophylaxis for venous thromboembolism during asparaginase therapy in patients treated for acute lymphoblastic leukemia |
| Prophylaxis of leptospirosis may be achieved by administration of doxycycline to soldiers training in endemic areas with a high risk of exposure to leptospirosis. Whether these findings apply to other scenarios or not remains to be proven |
| Prophylaxis with Immunoglobulin G (IgG), anti CMV vaccine or interferon do not significantly reduce CMV disease and CMV-associated mortality in solid organ transplant recipients |
| Propionyl-L-carnitine for intermittent claudication |
| Propofol and ketamine in combination versus ketamine or propofol alone for procedural sedation in children outside of the operating room |
| Propofol at night to improve sleep in the intensive care unit |
| Propofol for sedation during colonoscopy can lead to faster recovery after the procedure and higher patient satisfaction. |
| Propofol infusion for paediatric sedation |
| Propofol use for sedation in newborn babies undergoing procedures |
| Propofol versus thiopental sodium for the treatment of refractory status epilepticus (RSE) |
| Propranolol for migraine prophylaxis |
| Propylthiouracil for alcoholic liver disease |
| Prostacyclin and analogues for acute ischaemic stroke |
| Prostacyclin for pulmonary hypertension in adults |
| Prostacyclin in pulmonary arterial hypertension |
| Prostaglandin A for treating pre-eclampsia |
| Prostaglandin E1 analogues for chronic hepatitis B |
| Prostaglandin E1 for diabetic neuropathy |
| Prostaglandin E1 for keeping the duct open in heart conditions in the newborn |
| Prostaglandin E1 for preventing the progression of diabetic kidney disease |
| Prostaglandin E1 helps many men suffering from erectile dysfunction to have sexual intercourse |
| Prostaglandins for management of retained placenta |
| Prostaglandins for prelabour rupture of membranes at or near term |
| Prostaglandins for preventing postpartum haemorrhage |
| Prostaglandins to treat adults who have undergone liver transplantation |
| Prostaglandins versus oxytocin for prelabour rupture of membranes at or near term |
| Prostaglandins versus oxytocin for prelabour rupture of membranes at term |
| Prostanoids for intermittent claudication |
| Prostanoids for people with severely blocked arteries of the leg |
| Prostanoids in pulmonary hypertension of the newborn |
| Prostatic arterial embolization for treatment of lower urinary tract symptoms in men with benign prostatic hyperplasia |
| Prostatic urethral lift for the treatment of lower urinary tract symptoms in men with benign prostatic hyperplasia |
| Protease activity and its association with future healing of venous leg ulcers |
| Protease inhibitors in combination with pegylated interferon and ribavirin for adult patients with chronic hepatitis C virus |
| Protease modulating dressings for treating diabetic foot ulcers |
| Protease-modulating matrix treatments for healing venous leg ulcers |
| Protective analgesia for postoperative pain following third molar surgery |
| Protective clothes and equipment for healthcare workers to prevent them catching coronavirus and other highly infectious diseases |
| Protein and energy supplementation in elderly people at risk from malnutrition |
| Protein containing synthetic surfactant versus animal derived surfactant extract for the prevention and treatment of respiratory distress syndrome |
| Protein hydrolysate versus standard formula for preterm infants |
| Protein restriction for children with chronic kidney disease |
| Protein restriction for diabetic renal disease |
| Protein supplementation of human milk for promoting growth in preterm infants |
| Protein-containing synthetic surfactant versus protein-free synthetic surfactant for the prevention and treatment of respiratory distress syndrome |
| Protein-free synthetic surfactant for the prevention and treatment of respiratory distress syndrome in neonates |
| Proteins in blood and cerebrospinal fluids for early prediction of developing Alzheimer’s disease or other dementia in people with cognitive problems |
| Proteins in cerebrospinal fluids (CSF) for early prediction of developing Alzheimer’s disease or other dementia in people with mild cognitive problems |
| Prothrombin complex concentrate for reversal of vitamin K antagonist treatment in bleeding and non-bleeding patients |
| Prothrombin complex concentrate in the treatment of bleeding that occurs with heart surgery |
| Protocol biopsies following kidney transplantation |
| Protocol-directed sedation to reduce duration of mechanical ventilation |
| Proton pump inhibitor treatment started before endoscopy in upper gastrointestinal bleeding |
| Proton pump inhibitor versus placebo in the short term management of gastro-esophageal reflux disease |
| Proton pump inhibitor- and clarithromycin-based triple therapies for Helicobacter pylori eradication |
| Proton pump inhibitor- and fluoroquinolone-based triple therapies for eradication |
| Proton pump inhibitors for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease |
| Proton pump inhibitors for functional dyspepsia |
| Proton radiation therapy versus conventional radiation treatment (i.e. photon radiation) for the treatment of chordoma |
| Proton-pump inhibitors for the prevention of upper gastrointestinal bleeding in adults receiving antithrombotic therapy |
| Provide feedback to help plan the Cochrane Convenes programme |
| Providing antiretroviral therapy closer to patients homes to improve access to care in lower- and middle-income countries |
| Providing breathing support before clamping the umbilical cord in preterm babies |
| Providing extra food for children under five years of age in low and middle income countries |
| Providing folic acid to reduce arsenic toxicity in arsenic-exposed children and adults |
| Providing information to stroke survivors and their carers |
| Providing locomotor training to people with spinal cord injury to improve walking ability |
| Providing physicians with feedback on medication adherence for people with chronic diseases taking long-term medication |
| Provision and uptake of routine antenatal services |
| Provision of a surgeon's performance data for people considering elective surgery |
| Prucalopride for the treatment of chronic constipation |
| Psychedelic-assisted therapy for treating anxiety, depression and existential distress in people with life-threatening diseases |
| Psychedelic-assisted therapy for treating anxiety, depression and existential distress in people with life-threatening diseases |
| Psychoanalytic/psychodynamic psychotherapy for children and adolescents who have been sexually abused |
| Psychodynamic therapies versus other psychological therapies for depression |
| Psychodynamic therapies versus treatment as usual for depression |
| Psychoeducation added to standard treatment for schizophrenia reduces relapse |
| Psychoeducation for brothers and/or sisters of people with severe mental illness (SMI) |
| Psychoeducation for the parents of people with severe mental illness |
| Psychological and behavioural treatments for non-epileptic attack disorder |
| Psychological and educational interventions for atopic eczema in children |
| Psychological and educational interventions for childhood constipation |
| Psychological and educational interventions for subfertile men and women |
| Psychological and educational interventions to reduce alcohol consumption by pregnant women |
| Psychological and pharmacological interventions for depression in patients with diabetes mellitus |
| Psychological debriefing for preventing post traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) |
| Psychological interventions delivered as a single component intervention for children and adolescents with overweight or obesity aged 6 to 17 years |
| Psychological interventions for adults who are overweight or obese |
| Psychological interventions for adults with asthma |
| Psychological interventions for avoidant personality disorder |
| Psychological interventions for cancer survivors and cancer patients in the palliative phase |
| Psychological interventions for children with asthma |
| Psychological interventions for depression in heart failure |
| Psychological interventions for depression in people with diabetes mellitus |
| Psychological interventions for diabetes-related distress in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus |
| Psychological interventions for emotional well-being in adults with advanced progressive life-limiting illness |
| Psychological interventions for enhancing adherence to disease-modifying therapies (DMTs) in multiple sclerosis |
| Psychological interventions for improving adherence to oral hygiene instructions in adults with periodontal diseases |
| Psychological interventions for managing cognitive impairment after stroke |
| Psychological interventions for non-ulcer dyspepsia |
| Psychological interventions for obsessive-compulsive personality disorder |
| Psychological interventions for overweight or obesity |
| Psychological interventions for people living with hemophilia |
| Psychological interventions for people with histrionic personality disorder |
| Psychological interventions for people with narcissistic personality disorder |
| Psychological interventions for persisting postconcussion symptoms following traumatic brain injury |
| Psychological interventions for post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in people with severe mental illness |
| Psychological interventions for psychosis in adolescents |
| Psychological interventions for reducing dental anxiety in children |
| Psychological interventions for reducing postoperative morbidity in dental surgery in adults |
| Psychological interventions for sex offenders or those who have sexually offended or are at risk of offending |
| Psychological interventions for those who have sexually offended or are at risk of offending |
| Psychological interventions for women with metastatic breast cancer |
| Psychological interventions in inflammatory bowel disease |
| Psychological interventions to foster resilience in healthcare professionals |
| Psychological interventions to foster resilience in healthcare students |
| Psychological interventions to help people with cystic fibrosis take their inhaled treatments |
| Psychological interventions to improve adherence to oral hygiene instructions in adults with periodontal disease |
| Psychological interventions to prevent recurrence of emotional abuse of children by their parents |
| Psychological strategies to reduce pain and distress for children and adolescents getting needles |
| Psychological therapies (remotely-delivered) for the management of chronic and recurrent pain in children and adolescents |
| Psychological therapies delivered via the Internet for adults with longstanding distressing pain and disability |
| Psychological therapies for anxiety and depression in children and adolescents with long-term physical conditions |
| Psychological therapies for borderline personality disorder |
| Psychological therapies for chronic post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in adults |
| Psychological therapies for frequent episodic and chronic tension-type headache in adults |
| Psychological therapies for improving outcomes after total hip or knee replacement in people with osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis |
| Psychological therapies for major depressive disorder and prolonged grief in bereaved adults |
| Psychological therapies for parents of children and adolescents with a longstanding or life-threatening physical illness |
| Psychological therapies for pathological and problem gambling |
| Psychological therapies for people with borderline personality disorder |
| Psychological therapies for people with generalised anxiety disorder |
| Psychological therapies for people with severe and enduring anorexia nervosa |
| Psychological therapies for post-traumatic stress disorder and substance use disorder |
| Psychological therapies for post‐traumatic stress disorder in children and adolescents |
| Psychological therapies for preventing post-traumatic stress disorder in children and adolescents |
| Psychological therapies for prevention of winter depression |
| Psychological therapies for sickle cell disease and pain |
| Psychological therapies for the management of chronic and recurrent pain in children and adolescents |
| Psychological therapies for the management of migraine in adults |
| Psychological therapies for the treatment of panic disorder with or without agoraphobia |
| Psychological therapies for the treatment of post-traumatic stress disorder in children and adolescents |
| Psychological therapies for women who experience intimate partner violence |
| Psychological therapies to reduce tiredness in patients with incurable cancer |
| Psychological therapies versus antidepressant medication, alone and in combination for depression in children and adolescents |
| Psychological therapies versus medication for panic disorder with or without agoraphobia in adults |
