| Non-surgical treatment for spinal stenosis with leg pain |
| Non-surgical treatment versus surgical treatment for oesophageal (gullet or food-pipe) cancer |
| Non-traditional roles of outpatient pharmacists. |
| Non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants (NOACs) after a heart vessel stent placement |
| Noninvasive positive pressure ventilation for acute respiratory failure following upper abdominal surgery |
| Nonlatex compared to latex male condoms for birth control |
| Nonoxynol-9 for preventing vaginal acquisition of HIV infection by women from men |
| Nonoxynol-9 for preventing vaginal acquisition of sexually transmitted infections by women from men |
| Nonselective beta-blockers for treatment of high blood pressure |
| Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatories (NSAIDs) and aspirin for intestinal metaplasia of the stomach |
| Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID) and aspirin for preventing colorectal adenomas and carcinomas in general population |
| Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID) and aspirin for preventing colorectal adenomas and carcinomas in patients with previous adenomas and/or genetic disposition |
| Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID) and aspirin for preventing recurrence and metachronous colorectal carcinomas in patients previously treated for colorectal cancer |
| Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and aspirin for preventing colorectal adenomas and cancers in the general population |
| Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and opioids can significantly relieve the pain in acute renal colic, but opioids (especially pethidine) cause more adverse effects |
| Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs for assisted reproductive technology |
| Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs for dysmenorrhoea |
| Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs for management of pain in women with endometriosis |
| Noradrenaline reuptake inhibitors (NRIs) for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in adults |
| Normal pressure oxygen therapy and hyperbaric oxygen therapy for migraine and cluster headaches |
| Normal saline versus lower-chloride solutions for kidney transplantation |
| Nortriptyline for neuropathic pain in adults |
| Not at the 2018 AGM? |
| Not certain that people are better off giving their own blood before surgery in case they need transfusion, when there is a safe blood bank |
| Not enough evidence about the effects of drugs used to try and reduce spasticity in the limbs after spinal cord injury |
| Not enough evidence from trials to determine the effect of knee and foot orthotics (tape, braces, straps, sleeves or inlay soles) in treating patellofemoral pain syndrome |
| Not enough evidence is available to prove that hormonal contraceptives do not influence glucose and fat metabolism in women with diabetes mellitus |
| Not enough evidence on effectiveness of drugs or preventive measures on disease caused by Cryptosporidium. |
| Not enough evidence on routine antibiotics to prevent infection for women seeking care after incomplete abortion, but a single dose may be more suitable |
| Not enough evidence on the routine use of surgery in addition to drug treatment for people with tuberculosis of the spine |
| Not enough evidence on whether hyperventilation therapy improves outcomes for people with traumatic brain injury |
| Not enough evidence to conclude the effect of pentoxifylline on patients with alcoholic hepatitis |
| Not enough evidence to give a second round of chemotherapy to patients with lung cancer in a poor state |
| Not enough evidence to show if anti-cancer drugs before and after surgery increase survival in liver cell cancer patients |
| Not enough evidence to show the effect of antibiotics for leptospirosis |
| Not enough evidence to show the effect of synthetic membranes when compared with cellulose membranes for haemodialysis |
| Not enough evidence to show which surgical technique is preferable for internal fixation of intracapsular hip fractures |
| Not enough evidence to support the use of surgical nerve interruption for dysmenorrhoea |
| Not enough evidence to support using low level laser therapy alongside drug treatments for tuberculosis |
| Not enough evidence to tell if, or what type of, rehabilitation led by physiotherapists is best for treating soft tissue knee injuries |
| Not enough evidence to tell what type of non-surgical treatment is best for treating a broken wrist |
| Not enough evidence to tell when surgery, or what type of surgery, is best for treating a broken wrist |
| Not enough good quality trials to assess the most effective drug treatment for paracoccidioidomycosis |
| Not enough information about what modifications or supportive interventions might enhance the effectiveness of providing practitioners with data about their performance |
| Notification and support for people exposed to the risk of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) (or other prion diseases) through medical treatment |
| NSAIDs for cancer-related pain in children and adolescents |
| NSAIDs used for pain relief after surgery may have only small, temporary negative effects on kidney function in adults with normal renal function |
| NSAIDs, analgesics and opioids agents for fibromyalgia syndrome |
| Nucleic acid amplification techniques (NAATs) for early diagnosis of HIV-1 and HIV-2 infections |
| Nucleoplasty for cervical radiculopathy or cervical radicular pain due to disc herniation |
| Number of embryos for transfer in women undergoing assisted reproductive technology (ART) |
| Nurse specialist care for bronchiectasis |
| Nurse- versus physician-led care for the management of asthma |
| Nurse-led assessment of fitness for surgery |
| Nurse-led optimisation of medications in heart failure |
| Nurse-led service versus doctor-led service for preoperative assessment in elective surgical patients |
| Nurses as substitutes for doctors in primary care |
| Nursing record systems to improve nursing practice and health care |
| Nursing Times article reports on recent Cochrane Review |
| Nutrient-enriched formula for preterm infants |
| Nutrient-enriched formula milk versus human breast milk for preterm infants following hospital discharge |
| Nutrient-enriched formula versus standard term formula for preterm infants following hospital discharge |
| Nutrition education to support weaning of term-born infants |
| Nutrition for critically ill children in paediatric intensive care units |
| Nutrition for women who are having surgery for ovarian cancer |
| Nutrition support for people having an operation for bladder cancer |
| Nutritional advice for improving outcomes in multiple pregnancies |
| Nutritional advice in pregnancy |
| Nutritional interventions for early psychosis: a systematic review and network meta-analysis |
| Nutritional interventions for liver transplanted patients |
| Nutritional interventions for reducing morbidity and mortality in people with HIV |
| Nutritional interventions for survivors of childhood cancer |
| Nutritional labelling to promote healthier consumption and purchasing of food or drinks |
| Nutritional screening for improving patient care and professional practice |
| Nutritional supplementation for older people after hip fracture |
| Nutritional supplementation for people with non-alcohol-related fatty liver disease |
| Nutritional supplementation for stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease |
| Nutritional supplementation in enteral and parenteral nutrition for people with acute pancreatitis |
| Nutritional supplements for patients who are being treated for active visceral leishmaniasis |
| Nutritional supplements for people being treated for active tuberculosis |
| Nutritional support for acute kidney injury |
| Nutritional support for adults with swallowing difficulties |
| Nutritional support for patients who have had a bone marrow transplant |
| Nutritional support for patients with liver disease |
| Nutritional support in children and young people with cancer undergoing chemotherapy |
| Nutritional support, through the intestine (enteral) versus by injection (parenteral) for people with acute pancreatitis |
| Nutritional therapy for reducing disability and improving activities of daily living in people after stroke |
| Obesity and adverse COVID-19 outcomes |
| Obesity and adverse COVID-19 outcomes |
| Observation alone versus drain tube or needle insertion (interventional) for primary spontaneous pneumothorax in adults without previous lung disease. |
| Obstetric outcomes after conservative treatment for cervical intraepithelial lesions |
| Occlusal adjustment for treating and preventing temporomandibular joint disorders |
| Occlusal interventions for periodontitis in adults |
| Occlusal splints for treating sleep bruxism (tooth grinding) |
| Occupational therapy after hip replacement |
| Occupational therapy and physiotherapy for Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD) |
| Occupational therapy as supportive treatment for people with multiple sclerosis |
| Occupational therapy for adults with problems in activities of daily living after stroke |
| Occupational therapy for care home residents with stroke |
| Occupational therapy for children with cerebral palsy |
| Occupational therapy for cognitive impairment in people who have had a stroke |
| Occupational therapy for rheumatoid arthritis |
| Occupational therapy for schizophrenia provided by occupational therapists compared to others |
| Occupational therapy in multiple sclerosis |
| Occurrence of transient neurological symptoms following spinal anaesthesia with lidocaine versus other local anaesthetics in adults undergoing surgery |
| Ocriplasmin for symptomatic vitreomacular adhesion |
| Octreotide for inoperable malignant bowel obstruction |
| Octreotide for treatment of chylothorax in newborns |
| Ocular interventions, excluding correction of significant refractive error, for specific reading disorder |
| Oestrogen (adjunct) versus placebo for women with schizophrenia. |
| Oestrogen for premenstrual syndrome |
| Oestrogen supplementation, mainly diethylstilbestrol, for preventing miscarriages and other adverse pregnancy outcomes |
| Oestrogen therapy for preventing pelvic organ prolapse in postmenopausal women |
| Oestrogens alone or with amniotomy for cervical ripening or induction of labour |
| Oestrogens and progestins for preventing and treating postpartum depression |
| Oestrogens for preventing recurrent urinary tract infection in postmenopausal women |
| Oestrogens for treatment or prevention of pelvic organ prolapse in women |
| Oestrogens for urinary incontinence in women |
| Ofatumumab for rheumatoid arthritis |
| Offline and computer-based eLearning interventions for medical doctors' education |
| Offline and computer-based eLearning interventions for medical students' education |
| Oil-soluble versus water-soluble media for assessing tubal patency with hysterosalpingography or laparoscopy in subfertile women |
| Olanzapine compared to placebo or other medicine as treatment for mania |
| Olanzapine depot for schizophrenia |
| Olanzapine discontinuation for schizophrenia |
| Olanzapine dose for people with schizophrenia |
| Olanzapine for schizophrenia |
| Olanzapine for the prevention and treatment of cancer-related nausea and vomiting in adults |
| Olanzapine IM or velotab for acutely disturbed/agitated people with suspected serious mental illnesses |
| Olanzapine in long-term treatment for bipolar disorder |
| Olanzapine versus other atypical antipsychotics for schizophrenia |
| Olanzapine versus placebo for people with schizophrenia |
| Olfactory stimulation for promoting development and preventing morbidity in preterm infants |
| Omalizumab for chronic asthma in adults and children |
| Omega 3 fatty acids (fish oil) for maintenance of remission in Crohn's disease |
| Omega 3 fatty acids for maintenance of remission in ulcerative colitis |
| Omega 3 fatty acids for preventing and slowing the progression of age-related macular degeneration |
| Omega-3 and omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid supplements for dry eye disease |
| Omega-3 fatty acid addition during pregnancy |
| Omega-3 fatty acid supplementation for distal symmetrical peripheral neuropathy in adults with diabetes mellitus |
| Omega-3 fatty acids for autism spectrum disorders (ASD) |
| Omega-3 fatty acids for bipolar disorder |
| Omega-3 fatty acids for depression in adults |
| Omega-3 fatty acids for the primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease |
| Omega-3 fatty acids for the treatment of dementia |
| Omega-3 intake for cardiovascular disease |
| Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) for type 2 diabetes mellitus |
| Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease |
| Omega-6 fats to prevent and treat heart and circulatory diseases |
| Omentoplasty for oesophagogastrostomy after oesophagectomy |
| Omentoplasty for the prevention of anastomotic leakage after colonic or rectal resection |
| Omission of whole breast irradiation for postmenopausal women with early breast cancer |
| On screen point of care computer reminders to improve care and health |
| On the road: farewelling Elaine Beller |
| On-site mental health workers delivering psychological therapy and psychosocial interventions to patients in primary care: effects on the professional practice of primary care providers |
| Once daily long-acting beta2-agonists and long-acting muscarinic antagonists in a combined inhaler versus placebo for COPD |
| Once versus twice daily injections of low molecular weight heparin for the initial treatment of blood clots in the veins |
| Once-daily LABA/ICS combined inhalers versus inhaled long-acting beta2-agonists for people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease |
| Oncoplastic breast-conserving surgery (O-BCS) for women with primary breast cancer |
| One site versus two site phacotrabeculectomy for primary open angle glaucoma |
| One study shows promise for Personal Assistance delivered to adults with physical impairments: more research is needed |
| One study supports use of Personal Assistance for children and teens with intellectual impairments: more research is needed |
| One topical fluoride (toothpastes, or mouthrinses, or gels, or varnishes) versus another for preventing dental caries in children and adolescents |
| One well-controlled study shows some evidence of effect of two interventions for childhood apraxia of speech (CAS) |
| One, two or three times a week iron supplements for improving health and development among children under 12 years of age |
| One-incision versus two-incision surgical techniques for anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction in adults |
| One-step techniques for primary distal hypospadias in children and adolescents |
| One-to-one oral hygiene advice for oral health |
| Online support groups for women with breast cancer |
| Online- and local area network (LAN)-based eLearning interventions for medical doctors' education |
| Oocyte activation for women following intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) |
| Open Dialogue for psychosis or severe mental illness |
| Open general medical wards versus specialist psychiatric units for acute psychoses |
| Open minimally invasive versus video-assisted minimally invasive parathyroidectomy for primary hyperparathyroidism |
| Open release for carpal tunnel syndrome |
| Open retropubic colposuspension for urinary incontinence in women |
| Open surgery using mesh for groin hernia repair |
| Open surgical procedures for incisional hernias. |
| Open versus closed surgical exposure of eye teeth that are displaced in the roof of the mouth |
| Open versus laparoscopic approach to pouch surgery in patients with ulcerative colitis and familial adenomatous polyposis showed no significant differences in mortality and complications, but the laparoscopic approach resulted in better cosmesis. |
| Open versus laparoscopic repair for paediatric inguinal hernia |
| Open, small-incision, and laparoscopic cholecystectomy seem comparable with regard to mortality and complications |
| Operational Criteria Checklist for Psychotic Illness and Affective Illness (OPCRIT+) for diagnosing schizophrenia in people with psychotic symptoms |
| Operative technique for the treatment of popliteal artery aneurysms |
| Operative versus conservative management for 'fetal distress' in labour |
| Opiods for restless legs syndrome |
| Opioid agonist maintenance for opioid dependent patients in prison |
| Opioid maintenance medicines for the treatment of dependence on opioid pain medicines |
| Opioid maintenance medicines for the treatment of dependence on opioid pain medicines |
| Opioid therapy for treating rheumatoid arthritis pain |
| Opioid treatment for opioid withdrawal in newborn infants |
| Opioids (chemical substance) for palliation for breathlessness in terminal illness |
| Opioids for abdominal pain in acute pancreatitis |
| Opioids for agitation in dementia |
| Opioids for cancer-related pain in children and adolescents |
| Opioids for chronic non-cancer pain in children and adolescents |
| Opioids for long-term treatment of noncancer pain |
| Opioids for managing pain in babies exposed to painful procedures |
| Opioids for neonates receiving mechanical ventilation |
| Opioids for neuropathic pain |
| Opioids for newborns receiving mechanical ventilation |
| Opioids for osteoarthritis |
| Opioids for the management of breakthrough pain in cancer patients |
| Opioids for the treatment of chronic low-back pain |
| Opioids for treating breathlessness at the end of life |
| Opioids for treating dyspnoea in patients with chronic heart failure |
| Opportunity for some keen tweeters to come to the Cochrane Colloquium 2018 |
| Optical aids for visually impaired children |
| Optical coherence tomography angiography for monitoring the treatment of neovascular age-related macular degeneration |
| Optical coherence tomography measurement of central retinal thickness to diagnose diabetic macular oedema |
| Optimal delivery management for the prevention of early neonatal SARS-CoV-2 infection |
| Optimal duration of chemotherapy for advanced non-small cell lung cancer |
| Optimal duration of exclusive breastfeeding |
| Optimal monitoring strategies for guiding when to switch first-line antiretroviral therapy regimens for treatment failure among adults and adolescents living with HIV in low-resource settings |
| Optimal timing for discontinuation of Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia prophylaxis in adult patients on highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) for HIV infection |
| Optimal timing for intravascular administration set replacement |
| Optimisation of chemotherapy and radiotherapy for Hodgkin lymphoma patients with respect to second cancers and survival |
| Optimization of fluid levels in people suffering hip fractures |
| Optimized anaesthesia depth guided by brain electrical activity for protection against postoperative delirium and cognitive dysfunction in adults |
| Optimum antibiotic doses for Helicobacter pylori eradication |
| Optimum force for tooth movement in orthodontic treatment |
| Optimum second-line regimens for eradication |
| Options for self-management education for adults with asthma |
| Oral 5-aminosalicylic acid compounds for maintaining remission in ulcerative colitis |
| Oral 5-aminosalicylic acid drugs for maintenance of medically-induced remission in Crohn's disease |
| Oral 5-aminosalicylic acid for maintenance of surgically-induced remission in Crohn’s disease |
| Oral 5-aminosalicylic acid for the treatment of active ulcerative colitis |
| Oral and intrauterine progestogens for atypical endometrial hyperplasia |
| Oral and sublingual immunotherapy (giving people small amounts of things they are allergic to via their mouth or under their tongue) for fruit allergy |
| Oral anti-diabetic agents for women with diabetes or previous diabetes planning a pregnancy, or pregnant women with pre-existing diabetes |
| Oral antibiotics appear to be as effective as parenteral antibiotics in the treatment of severe pneumonia in children |
| Oral antibiotics for treating febrile neutropenia in cancer patients at low risk for complications |
| Oral antibiotics for treating infection with Pseudomonas aeruginosa in people with cystic fibrosis |
| Oral anticoagulants for preventing stroke in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation and no previous history of stroke or transient ischemic attacks |
| Oral anticoagulants for the secondary prevention of coronary heart disease |
| Oral anticoagulants versus antiplatelet therapy for preventing stroke and systemic embolic events in patients with atrial fibrillation |
| Oral anticoagulants versus antiplatelet therapy for preventing stroke in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation and no history of stroke or transient ischemic attacks |
| Oral anticoagulation plus an antiplatelet drug is better than anticoagulants alone for reducing death or blood clots after heart valve replacement |
| Oral antifungal drugs for treating athlete's foot (tinea pedis) |
| Oral antihistamine-decongestant-analgesic combinations for the common cold |
| Oral antihistamines for seasonal allergic conjunctivitis |
| Oral antiplatelet therapy for acute ischaemic stroke |
| Oral antivirals for preventing recurrence of herpes simplex virus keratitis |
| Oral antivirals for preventing recurrent herpes simplex keratitis in people with corneal grafts |
| Oral appliances and functional orthopaedic appliances for obstructive sleep apnoea in children |
| Oral appliances for obstructive sleep apnoea |
| Oral appliances for treating sleepiness, quality of life and markers of sleep disruption in people with obstructive sleep apnoea/hypopnoea (OSAH) |
| Oral aspirin for treatment of acute episodic tension-type headache in adults |
| Oral aspirin for venous leg ulcers |
| Oral baclofen for the management of spasticity in children with cerebral palsy |
