Oxatomide, an antihistamine, cannot be recommended for the treatment of chronic asthma as there is no consistent data to support a beneficial effect on asthma control. Six randomised controlled studies of the effect of oxatomide were identified. All studies compared oxatomide with placebo. Two studies showed significant improvement with oxatomide as judged subjectively by the doctor. There was significant difference shown between oxatomide and placebo on objective outcomes (outcomes that are not influenced by people's opinions such as lung function or the amount of regular asthma medication taken by participants during the course of the study). Adverse effects were the only outcome able to be combined in a meta-analysis, and these were significantly more likely with oxatomide than with placebo treatment.
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Oxatomide is a histamine H1-receptor antagonist. As an oral agent, oxatomide may be useful in managing asthma. Some guidelines recommend oxatomide for long-term prophylaxis of asthma in children. There is no clear evidence whether children or adults with asthma benefit from oxatomide.
Objectifs
To determine whether oxatomide alone, or in combination with other interventions, results in better disease control in people with asthma.
Stratégie de recherche documentaire
Trials were identified using the Cochrane Airways Group Specialised Register of trials, which is derived from systematic searches of bibliographic databases including the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, AMED and PsycINFO, and handsearching of respiratory journals and meeting abstracts (please see the Airways Group Module for further details). All records in the Specialised Register coded as 'asthma' were searched using the following terms:
Oxatomide* or Tincet or celtect or pincet or kw4354
Reference lists of all relevant trials or review articles were checked. Enquiries were made of authors of included studies and relevant pharmaceutical companies. A search of 'Igaku Chuo Zasshi' and 'J-Medicine' were made using the following terms: oxatomide (also in Japanese) or Celtect (also in Japanese) or KW-4354. Searches are current as of September 2010.
Critères de sélection
Studies were randomised, placebo-controlled trials and the interventions were oxatomide or matched placebo given alone or in combination with other asthma-medication for at least four weeks.
Recueil et analyse des données
Four independent reviewers performed assessments of methodological quality and extracted relevant data.
Résultats principaux
Six studies are included in this review. Three studies were mainly conducted in adults, two were conducted in older children (5 to16 years) and one in infants (18 to 25 months). Trial duration was 4 to 52 weeks. Doses of oxatomide varied between studies, ranging from 1 mg/kg/day for infants to 180 mg/day for adults. Only data on adverse events was suitable for meta-analysis. Although PEF did not change significantly in any of the studies, the FVC and FEV1 improved significantly in two. There was no uniform change in symptom scores. There was no significant difference between oxatomide and placebo treatment in use of inhaled corticosteroid or bronchodilator. Two studies showed significant improvement with oxatomide as judged subjectively by physicians. Adverse events, analysed using data from four parallel and one cross over study, showed oxatomide to be associated with a significantly higher risk of any adverse event (OR: 2.97, 95%CI: 1.69 to 5.22) and drowsiness (OR: 5.22,95%CI: 2.53 to 10.74).
Conclusions des auteurs
There is no evidence to show that oxatomide has a significant effect on the control of stable asthma. Some studies reported significant benefits in subjective parameters. There was improvement in some lung function outcomes reported, but this were not consistent across measures or studies and may represent reporting bias. Adverse events, including drowsiness, were significantly greater with oxatomide than placebo.
