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Interventions for smokeless tobacco use cessationEbbert JO, Montori V, Vickers KS, Erwin PC, Dale LC, Stead LF
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SummaryBehavioural treatments may help people to stop using smokeless tobacco (ST)All of the included intervention studies have been conducted in the United States where ST includes ground tobacco (snuff) and chewing tobacco. Nicotine replacement therapy (patches or gum), and bupropion have not been shown to help people to stop using ST. Dentists and hygienists may help their patients to stop, especially when they show them the damage that ST causes in their mouths. Telephone counselling may assist ST users in quitting. More and larger studies are needed.
This is a Cochrane review abstract and plain language summary, prepared and maintained by The Cochrane Collaboration, currently published in The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2008 Issue 3, Copyright © 2008 The Cochrane Collaboration. Published by John Wiley and Sons, Ltd.. The full text of the review is available in The Cochrane Library (ISSN 1464-780X).
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July 19. 2004 AbstractBackgroundUse of smokeless tobacco (ST) can lead to nicotine addiction and long-term use can lead to health problems including periodontal disease and cancer. ObjectivesTo assess the effects of behavioural and pharmacologic interventions for the treatment of ST use. Search strategyWe searched the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, Web of Science, PsycINFO, Dissertation Abstracts Online, and Scopus. Date of last search: March, 2007. Selection criteriaRandomized trials of behavioural or pharmacological interventions to help users of ST to quit with follow up of at least six months. Data collection and analysisTwo authors independently extracted data. Main resultsTwo trials of bupropion SR did not detect a benefit of treatment at six months or longer (Odds Ratio (OR) 0.86, 95% Confidence Interval (CI): 0.47 to 1.57). Four trials of nicotine patch did not detect a benefit (OR 1.16, 95% CI: 0.88 to 1.54), nor did two trials of nicotine gum (OR 0.98, 95% CI: 0.59 to 1.63). There was statistical heterogeneity among the results of 12 behavioural interventions included in the meta-analyses. Six trials showed significant benefits of intervention. In post-hoc subgroup analyses, behavioural interventions which include telephone counselling or an oral examination may increase abstinence rates more than interventions without these components. Authors' conclusionsBehavioural interventions should be used to help ST users to quit and telephone counselling or an oral examination may increase abstinence rates. Pharmacotherapies have not been shown to affect long-term abstinence. |