|
The Cochrane Collaboration
Cochrane Reviews |
| Explore | New + Updated | Other languages |
|
 |
Interventions for tobacco cessation in the dental settingCarr A, Ebbert J
Bookmark this:
     more ...
SummaryCan interventions delivered by dental professionals help tobacco users to quitAs well as the well-known harmful effects of smoking on respiratory and cardiovascular systems, tobacco use is associated with an increased risk for oral disease, including oral cancer and periodontal disease. Dental professionals are in a unique position to help tobacco users who present for dental care by providing cessation assistance. We identified and pooled six studies that showed a benefit of tobacco cessation counseling by dental professionals. The odds ratio was 1.44 (95% confidence interval 1.16 to 1.78) at 12 months, in favour of counseling, compared with usual care or no contact. The major implications of these findings are for smokeless tobacco users in the dental settings, as we found limited evidence for the effectiveness of similar interventions for cigarette smokers.
This is a Cochrane review abstract and plain language summary, prepared and maintained by The Cochrane Collaboration, currently published in The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2010 Issue 1, Copyright © 2010 The Cochrane Collaboration. Published by John Wiley and Sons, Ltd.. The full text of the review is available in The Cochrane Library (ISSN 1464-780X).
This version first published online:
January 25. 2006 AbstractBackgroundTobacco use has significant adverse effects on oral health. Oral health professionals in the dental office or community setting have a unique opportunity to increase tobacco abstinence rates among tobacco users. ObjectivesThis review assesses the effectiveness of interventions for tobacco cessation offered to cigarette smokers and smokeless tobacco users in the dental office or community setting. Search strategyWe searched the Cochrane Tobacco Addiction group Specialized Register (CENTRAL), MEDLINE (1966-April 2006), EMBASE (1988-April 2006), CINAHL (1982-April 2006), Healthstar (1975-April 2006), ERIC (1967-April 2006), PsycINFO (1984-April 2006), National Technical Information Service database (NTIS, 1964-April 2006), Dissertation Abstracts Online (1861-April 2006), Database of Abstract of Reviews of Effectiveness (DARE, 1995-April April 2006), and Web of Science (1993-April 2006). Selection criteriaWe included randomized and pseudo-randomized clinical trials assessing tobacco cessation interventions conducted by oral health professionals in the dental office or community setting with at least six months of follow up. Data collection and analysisTwo authors independently reviewed abstracts for potential inclusion and abstracted data from included trials. Disagreements were resolved by consensus. Main resultsSix clinical trials met the criteria for inclusion in this review. Included studies assessed the efficacy of interventions in the dental office or a school community setting. All studies assessed the efficacy of interventions for smokeless tobacco users, one of which included cigarettes smokers. All studies employed behavioural interventions and only one offered pharmacotherapy as an interventional component. All studies included an oral examination component. Pooling of the studies suggested that interventions conducted by oral health professionals increase tobacco abstinence rates (odds ratio [OR] 1.44; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.16 to 1.78) at 12 months or longer. Heterogeneity was evident (I2 = 75%) and could not be adequately explained through subgroup or sensitivity analyses. Authors' conclusionsAvailable evidence suggests that behavioural interventions for tobacco use conducted by oral health professionals incorporating an oral examination component in the dental office and community setting may increase tobacco abstinence rates among smokeless tobacco users. Differences between the studies limit the ability to make conclusive recommendations regarding the intervention components that should be incorporated into clinical practice. |