Cochrane

Review question To establish the evidence for the effects of therapeutic swallowing exercises, undertaken before, during and/or immediately after head and neck cancer treatment, on swallowing. Background A swallowing impairment (dysphagia) commonly occurs as a result of head and neck cancer treatment. It may be temporary, resulting from a dry mouth ...

Anthracyclines are anticancer drugs used in the treatment of different types of childhood cancer. An important adverse effect of anthracyclines is damage to the heart, which can lead to asymptomatic (without complaints) or symptomatic (with complaints) cardiac problems during and after cancer treatment. While there are several drugs available to treat ...

Background Survivors of childhood cancer are at a higher risk of chronic health conditions such as, osteoporosis, metabolic syndrome (including obesity and type II diabetes), and cardiovascular disease. These diseases have the potential to be reduced or prevented with targeted nutritional interventions. Objective This review looks at three randomised ...

Review question What is the best way to prevent bleeding for people being treated with intensive chemotherapy or stem cell transplantation for blood, or bone marrow cancers? Should we use platelet transfusions (the current standard treatment), or use other agents instead of (or as well as) platelet transfusions. Background Approximately one in eight ...

Background: High grade glioma (HGG) is a rapidly growing brain tumour in the supporting cells of the nervous system, with several subtypes such as glioblastoma (grade IV astrocytoma), anaplastic (grade III) astrocytoma and anaplastic (grade III) oligodendroglioma. It affects about 5 in 100,000 people per year in Europe and North America. A number of ...

The issue An increasing number of people are surviving and living longer with cancer due to earlier diagnosis, better treatments and an aging population. In turn, there is an increasing number of people with long-term or long-lasting effects of cancer and its treatment. For example, up to seven in 10 cancer survivors experience changes in ability ...

The issue Cancer may result in extensive emotional, physical and social suffering. Current cancer care increasingly incorporates psychosocial interventions to improve quality of life. Music therapy and music medicine interventions have been used to alleviate symptoms and treatment side effects and address psychosocial needs in people with cancer. In ...

Review question We reviewed the evidence of the effects of different durations of platinum infusion to prevent hearing loss or tinnitus, or both, in children with cancer. We also looked at anti-tumour efficacy, adverse effects other than hearing loss and quality of life. Background Platinum-based chemotherapy, including cisplatin, carboplatin or ...

Review question We reviewed the evidence on the association between childhood cancer treatment including platinum analogues and the occurrence of hearing loss. Background Platinum-based therapy, such as cisplatin, carboplatin and oxaliplatin, is used to treat a variety of cancers in children. Unfortunately, one of the most important side effects ...

Review question People with oral leukoplakia are at higher risk of developing oral cancer than those with normal oral mucosa. This review, produced through Cochrane Oral Health, seeks to evaluate whether people affected by leukoplakia can benefit from surgical, medical or complementary treatments, either local or systemic. In particular, we conducted ...