Cochrane

Background Orthodontic treatment involves using fixed or removable dental braces to correct the positions of teeth. The success of dental braces depends partly on the metal attachments (brackets and bands) being glued to the teeth so that they do not become detached during treatment. Brackets (metal squares) are usually attached to teeth other than ...

Review question Orthodontic treatment (teeth braces) can be painful, particularly following initial brace placement and later adjustments, for a week or more. We examined the merits of methods to reduce pain during orthodontic treatment without the need for painkillers. Background Pain is usual during orthodontic treatment and may make some people ...

Review question This review was conducted to assess the effects of using liners under tooth-colored resin fillings in cavities on the biting surface (Class I) and the biting surface and side(s) (Class II) of permanent teeth in the back of the mouth in children and adults. Background Tooth decay is the most common disease affecting children and adults ...

Review question Are oral appliances and functional orthopaedic appliances effective and safe for treating children with obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome? Background Obstructive sleep apnoea in children is a breathing disorder characterized by episodes of partial or complete upper airway obstruction that occur during sleep. There are various risk ...

Background Cleft lip and palate is one of the most common birth defects and can cause difficulties with feeding, speech and hearing, as well as psychosocial problems. Treatment of clefts is lengthy, typically taking from birth to adulthood to complete. Upper jaw growth in cleft patients is highly variable, and in a relatively high percentage, it does ...

Background Cleft lip, also known as harelip, is one of the most common birth defects. The surgery to correct this defect can cause moderate to severe pain. Many of the drugs to reduce pain (analgesics) used in adults can have unwanted side effects in children. The treatment of the pain associated with the surgical correction of harelip can therefore ...

Review question Which approach is most effective at maintaining teeth in their new position after the end of treatment with orthodontic braces? Background Once people finish having their teeth straightened with orthodontic braces, the teeth will tend to get crooked again. Orthodontists try to prevent this by using different retention procedures. ...

Review question What effect do non-surgical adjuncts have on the length of time it takes for teeth to move when treated with fixed braces, and the overall time required for orthodontic treatment? Background Throughout the world, orthodontic treatment is used to correct the position of teeth in adolescents and adults when they experience problems. ...

Review question Orthodontic treatment (use of braces) is lengthy, typically taking over 18 months to complete, with brace adjustments required every six weeks or so. Usually brace treatment is carried out without the use of surgery. However, special surgical procedures have been proposed to speed up orthodontic treatment. This review, produced through ...

Review question The aim of this review is to assess the effectiveness of various materials and techniques for keeping enough bone in the jaw (alveolar ridge preservation) after teeth have been taken out (tooth extraction). These techniques are compared to tooth extraction alone or other methods of preserving the bone, or both, in patients that need ...