Cochrane

Review question In patients who have their bladder removed, does the drug alvimopan compared to placebo help them recover their bowel function more quickly? Background Surgical removal of the bladder is a major operation that requires a stay of several days in hospital. One of the issues that keeps patients in hospital is not being able to eat normal ...

Review question We reviewed the evidence on the effects of local treatment of the bladder with Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) and interferon (IFN)-alpha (α) for cancer of the superficial layers of the bladder (known as non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer). Background Bladder cancer is a common cancer worldwide. Bladder cancer that is non-muscle invasive ...

Urinary dipsticks are sometimes used for screening healthy people and patients that do not have symptoms of urinary disease. Urinary dipsticks can be used to test for several different substances, such as blood, sugar, protein, white blood cells and nitrite in the urine, which may indicate the presence of disease. Identified abnormalities sometimes ...

When bladder cancer is confined to the lining of the bladder it is treated surgically to remove the tumours. However, the tumours may recur and so another type of treatment is often used following surgery called intravesical therapy, whereby agents are instilled directly into the bladder to prevent tumour recurrence. These agents, such as Bacillus Calmette-Guérin ...

Transurethral resection (TUR) is the usual treatment method for patients who, when examined with a cystoscope, are found to have abnormal growths on the urothelium (stage Ta) and/or in the lamina propria (stage T1). However post-operation tumour recurrence is a major clinical problem. Intravesical Bacillus Calmette-Guérin or epirubicin following surgery ...

When bladder cancer has spread beyond the bladder and is unresectable or metastatic, the possibility of cure is severely diminished. Treatment at this stage of the disease aims to reduce the disease-related symptoms and to improve quality of life. Chemotherapy is the main treatment offered to patients with this condition and one drug that has recently ...

The standard treatment for invasive bladder cancer is surgery (to remove the bladder and surrounding tissues), and/or radiotherapy (to kill the cancer cells). This review suggests that 50 out of 100 patients will be alive at five years, when they are given chemotherapy using a platinum drug in combination with other drugs, before having surgery and/or ...

Bladder cancer is common worldwide. In rare cases, cancer spreads to the bladder muscle. A combination of surgery and radiation therapy (radiotherapy) is used to try to treat bladder cancer that has invaded the muscle. One treatment involves some radiotherapy, followed by major surgery to remove the bladder. Another treatment uses intensive radiotherapy, ...

Worldwide, bladder cancer is common in both men and women. In most cases, the cancer occurs in the superficial layers of the bladder and can be surgically removed. However, in many people the cancer returns. Drugs placed directly into the bladder tissue following surgery are therefore often used to try to prevent the cancer recurring. Bacillus Calmette-Guérin ...