Cochrane

Background Bullying in the workplace can reduce the mental health of working people. It can also harm the organisations where these people work. There has been much research about bullying in the workplace. However, most studies have looked at how to manage bullying once it has happened, rather than trying to stop it happening in the first place. ...

Why is the amount of time spent sitting at work important? Physical inactivity at work, particularly sitting has increased in recent years. Long periods of sitting increase the risk for obesity, heart disease, and overall mortality. It is unclear whether interventions that aim to reduce sitting at workplaces are effective at reducing the amount of ...

Background Healthcare workers suffer from work-related or occupational stress. Often this is because healthcare workers face high expectations and they may not have enough time, skills and social support at work. This can lead to severe distress, burnout or physical illness. In the end, healthcare workers may be unable to provide high quality healthcare ...

People who work shifts often report sleepiness at work and problems with sleep between work shifts. This is called shift work sleep disorder when the difficulties with sleep after the night shift and sleepiness during the night shift are persistent. We evaluated the effect of drugs, such as melatonin, to improve shift workers' sleep quality after night ...

Background The workplace appears to be a useful setting for helping people to stop smoking. Large groups of smokers are available who can easily be reached and helped, using proven methods. It is also in the employers’ interests to improve the health of their workforce. Recent changes introducing anti-smoking laws in many developed countries may have ...

Tinnitus can be described as a perception of sound that is not related to an external acoustic source. Subjective tinnitus is not heard by anyone else but the sufferer. At present no particular treatment for tinnitus has been found effective in all patients. Sound therapy (also known as masking devices) was introduced on the principle of distraction ...

Work-related musculoskeletal disorders of the upper limb and neck are one of the most common occupational disorders around the world. It is likely that addressing ergonomic factors, such as the design of workplace equipment or the environment, or both, as well as training workers in ergonomic principles may reduce the risk of workers developing these ...

Nicotine is the main addictive component in tobacco. When a person smokes a cigarette, nicotine causes chemicals in the brain to be released, which gives a feeling of reward to the smoker. This reward is part of the reason why people keep smoking. Nicotine vaccines are designed to work by reducing the effects of nicotine on the brain, meaning the smoker ...

Low-back pain (LBP) is one of the most common conditions managed in primary care and a significant cause of absence from work and early retirement. Individuals, their families and society at large all carry part of the burden. Many people get some relief from low-back pain and sciatica (pain down the back and leg) by lying down. Until the late 1990s, ...

Flexible working arrangements, such as flexitime and teleworking, are becoming more common in industrialised countries but the impacts of such flexibility on employee health and wellbeing are largely unknown. This review examined the health and wellbeing effects of flexible working arrangements which favour the worker as well as those dictated by the ...