Cochrane

Review question: Does head midline position reduce the risk of intraventricular hemorrhage (i.e., bleeding in the brain) and mortality in very preterm infants? Background: Intraventricular hemorrhage (i.e., bleeding in the brain) occurs in 25% of very low birth weight infants and may be caused by multiple factors. Head position may affect how the ...

Review question: How does saline irrigation or saline irrigation with prior hyaluronidase compare with no intervention or normal wound care for improving tissue healing in neonates with extravasation injury? Background: Preterm and sick term infants requiring intravenous fluids and medications are vulnerable to tissue injury secondary to extravasation, ...

Review question Does the use of prolonged (or sustained, > 1 second duration) lung inflation rather than standard inflations (≤ 1 second) improve survival and other important outcomes among newly born babies receiving resuscitation at birth? Background At birth, the lungs are filled with fluid, which must be replaced by air for babies to breathe ...

Protocol: To determine effects of non-invasive high-frequency ventilation compared with other forms of respiratory support in newborn infants with respiratory distress in terms of need for intubation or reintubation and morbidity and mortality in term and preterm newborn infants. We will examine use of nHFV in the following situations. Initial ...

Protocol: To determine the role of splinting and the optimal treatment strategy for the non-operative management of DDH in children under six months of age. To identify if there are particular subgroups of patients for whom the optimal management strategy may differ.

What is the issue? ln about 1 out of every 10 pregnancies, babies are exposed to meconium during delivery. Meconium is the baby's first stool. If the baby passes stool before birth, stool containing amniotic fluid can enter the baby's lungs and may cause breathing difficulty while putting the baby at risk for infection and inflammation in the lungs ...

Review question: Does administering lactoferrin with feeds decrease the risk of sepsis or necrotizing enterocolitis in preterm babies? Background: Preterm babies are at risk for blood infection (sepsis) and/or gastrointestinal injury (necrotizing enterocolitis, or NEC). Many babies with sepsis or NEC die or develop long-term brain and lung injury ...

Review question: Does use of a stylet increase success rates of newborn intubation without increasing risk of harm? Background: Intubation consists of placement of a breathing tube (endotracheal tube) into the baby’s windpipe or trachea to maintain an open airway. This common procedure may be needed both at birth and in the neonatal intensive care ...

Protocol: To assess whether local wound analgesia provides better pain relief than other analgesic regimens (epidural analgesia, intravenous opioids, other analgesics and supportive care regimens) and decreases the need for systemic analgesic agents in term or preterm neonates undergoing thoracic or abdominal surgery.

Protocol: To evaluate the efficacy of tracheal suctioning at birth in preventing meconium aspiration syndrome and other complications among non-vigorous neonates born through meconium-stained amniotic fluid.