Cochrane

What is the issue? Calcineurin inhibitors (CNI, cyclosporin and tacrolimus) are an important part of treatment to suppress the immune system to prevent rejection of transplanted kidneys. However, CNI can cause high blood pressure and kidney scarring which contribute to worsening of risk factors for heart attack, stroke, and loss of the transplanted ...

What is Crohn's disease? Crohn’s disease is a life-long (chronic), inflammatory disease of the gastrointestinal tract characterized by abdominal pain (cramping), rectal bleeding, diarrhoea, weight loss, and tiredness. The disease has a changing course with periods of symptoms (called 'active' disease or relapse) and periods without symptoms (called ...

Protocol: To determine whether antibiotic therapy is safe and effective for induction or maintenance of remission in CD.

Protocol: To determine whether administration of prebiotics reduces the incidence of hyperbilirubinaemia among term and preterm infants compared with enteral supplementation of milk with distilled water or no supplementation.

Protocol: To review the clinical effectiveness and safety of haloperidol compared with risperidone for people with schizophrenia.

Review question We wanted to find out if one type of artificial breathing device used in adults during anaesthesia is more effective and safer than another. Background Patients anaesthetized for surgical procedures often need to be put on artificial breathing machines (ventilators) to help their breathing. This involves putting into the patient's ...

Review question: Does head midline position reduce the risk of intraventricular hemorrhage (i.e., bleeding in the brain) and mortality in very preterm infants? Background: Intraventricular hemorrhage (i.e., bleeding in the brain) occurs in 25% of very low birth weight infants and may be caused by multiple factors. Head position may affect how the ...

Bottom line There is no evidence from randomised controlled trials to support or contradict the suggestion that opioids in any dose will reduce cancer-related pain in children or adolescents. Background Childhood cancer is one of the leading causes of disease and death for children and adolescents in the world today. Its associated pain is a ...

Protocol: To evaluate the effectiveness of interventions aimed at assisting employment for people on dialysis, or their family caregivers.

Protocol: To evaluate the safety and efficacy of beta-blockers (BBs), angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs), angiotensin receptor antagonists (ARBs), mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists (MRAs), and angiotensin receptor neprilysin inhibitors (ARNIs) for the treatment of patients with heart failure (HF) with preserved ejection fraction ...