Cochrane

A hip fracture is a break near the top of the thigh bone (femur). Those located further away from the hip joint are termed extracapsular. Such fractures may be surgically fixed using metal implants. Two types of implant are compared here. Condylocephalic nails, such as Ender nails, are inserted near the knee, and pushed up through the bone marrow of ...

Chlamydia is a sexually transmitted infection which, if a mother has it during pregnancy and labour, can cause eye or lung infections in the newborn baby. The risk of transmission during birth varies, but is about 20% to 50% for eye infections and about 10% to 20% for infection of the lungs. Mothers may also be at increased risk of infection of the ...

Guidelines for the treatment of asthma recommend that patients be educated about their condition, obtain regular medical review, monitor their condition at home with either peak flow or symptoms and use a written action plan. The results of trials comparing asthma self-management education to usual care were combined. These results showed that asthma ...

Not enough evidence to prove the benefit of a specific set of criteria to self-diagnose active labour. Sometimes it is difficult to tell when active labour has begun. A false diagnosis can mean multiple visits to the hospital, frustration and discomfort for the mother, decreased confidence in caregivers and additional financial burdens. Antenatal education ...

Cranberries contain a substance that can prevent bacteria from sticking on the walls of the bladder. This may help reduce bladder and other urinary tract infections (UTIs). Cranberries (usually as cranberry juice) have been used to try and treat UTIs, particularly in high risk groups such as older people. Cranberries have few adverse effects. The review ...

Some people with asthma need to rely on corticosteroid drugs to control their asthma. Corticosteroids reduce the inflammation (swelling) of the airways (passages to the lungs). Long-term use has serious adverse effects, so ways to try and cut down on the need for corticosteroids are sometimes tried. Methotrexate may also be able to reduce inflammation, ...

Low dose corticosteroid use in RA is currently widespread with up to 80% of patients using prednisone or similar corticosteroid preparations in many arthritis practices, but the value of corticosteroids for the treatment of RA has been debated by several authors. We included studies that used prednisone (or a comparable corticosteroid preparation) at ...

Too little evidence from trials to show whether women have less pain if they have ultrasound treatment for perineal pain after childbirth. A woman's perineum (area between the vagina and anus) may bruise, tear or be artificially cut (episiotomy) during childbirth. This may cause perineal pain or pain during sexual intercourse (dyspareunia), sometimes ...

Artemisinin drugs improve survival in severe malaria. Artemisinin drugs come originally from a plant that has been used since ancient times in China as a traditional medicine for fever and malaria. They are fast acting and effective against malaria parasites that have developed resistance to quinine. The review shows that treatment with artemisinin ...

This review highlights major methodological problems and sources of heterogeneity that not only hamper the comparability of trials but also preclude a conclusion on the efficacy of BR in the adjunct treatment of PD patients with motor complications.