The Cochrane Collaboration
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Effective Practice and Organisation of Care Group (85)
Reviews of specific types of interventions (49)
Continuing education and quality assurance (16)
Distribution of educational materials (2)
Electronic retrieval of health information by health care providers to improve practice and patient care (protocol stage)
Printed educational materials: effects on professional practice and health care outcomes
Educational meetings (including lectures, workshops and traineeships) (1)
Continuing education meetings and workshops
Local consensus processes (1)
Local consensus processes: effects on professional practice and health care outcomes (protocol stage)
Educational outreach visits (1)
Educational outreach visits: effects on professional practice and health care outcomes
Local opinion leaders (1)
Local opinion leaders: effects on professional practice and health care outcomes
Patient mediated interventions (0)
Audit and feedback (2)
Audit and feedback versus alternative strategies: effects on professional practice and health care outcomes (withdrawn)
Audit and feedback: effects on professional practice and health care outcomes
Reminders (including computerised decision support systems) (3)
Computer-generated paper reminders: effects on professional practice and health care outcomes (protocol stage)
Manual paper reminders: effects on professional practice and health care outcomes (protocol stage)
On-screen computer reminders: effects on professional practice and health care outcomes (protocol stage)
Marketing (0)
Mass media (1)
Mass media interventions for influencing the use of health services
Other (4)
Continuous quality improvement: effects on professional practice and patient outcomes (protocol stage)
Educational games for health professionals
Interprofessional education: effects on professional practice and health care outcomes
Tailored interventions to overcome identified barriers to change: effects on professional practice and health care outcomes
Financial interventions (7)
Provider oriented (5)
Fee-for-service (1)
Capitation, salary, fee-for-service and mixed systems of payment: effects on the behaviour of primary care physicians
Prepaid (no other description) (0)
Capitation (1)
Capitation, salary, fee-for-service and mixed systems of payment: effects on the behaviour of primary care physicians
Provider salaried service (1)
Capitation, salary, fee-for-service and mixed systems of payment: effects on the behaviour of primary care physicians
Prospective payment (0)
Provider incentives (1)
Target payments in primary care: effects on professional practice and health care outcomes
Institution incentives (0)
Provider grant/allowance (0)
Institution grant/allowance (0)
Provider penalty (0)
Institution penalty (0)
Formulary (1)
Pharmaceutical policies: effects of reference pricing, other pricing, and purchasing policies
Patient oriented (2)
Premium (0)
Co-payment (1)
Changes in out-of-pocket payments on utilisation of health care services (protocol stage)
User fee (1)
Changes in out-of-pocket payments on utilisation of health care services (protocol stage)
Patient incentives (0)
Patient grant/allowance (0)
Patient penalty (0)
Organisational interventions (26)
Provider oriented (15)
Revision of professional roles (0)
Clinical multidisciplinary teams (3)
Expanding the roles of outpatient pharmacists: effects on health services utilisation, costs, and patient outcomes
Interprofessional collaboration: effects on professional practice and health care outcomes
Lay health workers in primary and community health care
Formal integration of services (2)
Strategies for integrating primary health services in middle- and low-income countries at the point of delivery
Supervision outreach visits to improve the quality of primary health care in low- and middle-income countries (protocol stage)
Skill mix changes (changes in numbers, types or qualifications of staff) (6)
Dietary advice given by a dietitian versus other health professional or self-help resources to reduce blood cholesterol
Effectiveness of staffing models in residential/subacute/extended aged care settings. (protocol stage)
Hospital nurse staffing models and patient and staff-related outcomes (protocol stage)
On-site mental health workers in primary care: effects on professional practice
Primary and community health care professionals in hospital emergency departments: effects on process and outcome of care and resources (protocol stage)
Substitution of doctors by nurses in primary care
Continuity of care (2)
Arrangements for follow-up (0)
Case management (including co-ordination of assessment, treatment and arrangements for referral) (2)
Case management: effects on professional practice and health care outcomes (protocol stage)
Effectiveness of shared care across the interface between primary and specialty care in chronic disease management
Satisfaction of providers with the conditions of work and its material and psychic rewards (eg interventions to 'boost morale') (1)
Preventive staff-support interventions for health workers (protocol stage)
Communication and case discussion between distant health professionals (eg telephone links; telemedicine) (1)
Telemedicine versus face to face patient care: effects on professional practice and health care outcomes
Patient oriented (0)
Mail order pharmacies (0)
Presence and functioning of adequate mechanisms for dealing with client suggestions and complaints (0)
Consumer participation in governance of health care organisation (0)
Structural interventions (11)
Changes in the setting/site of service delivery (6)
Care home versus hospital and own home environments for rehabilitation of older people
Early discharge hospital at home
Effectiveness of intermediate care in nursing-led in-patient units
Institutional versus at-home long term care for functionally dependent older people (withdrawn)
Medical day hospital care for the elderly versus alternative forms of care
Telephone consultation and triage: effects on health care use and patient satisfaction
Changes in physical structure, facilities and equipment (1)
Smart home technologies for health and social care support
Changes in medical record systems (1)
Nursing record systems: effects on nursing practice and health care outcomes
Changes in scope and nature of benefits and services (0)
Presence and organisation of quality monitoring mechanisms (1)
The effectiveness of the public release of performance data in changing consumer, healthcare professional or organisational behaviour. (protocol stage)
Ownership, accreditation, and affiliation status of hospitals and other facilities (0)
Staff organisation (0)
Other (2)
Effects of changes in the pre-licensure education of health workers on health worker supply (protocol stage)
Effects of interventions aimed at changing the length of primary care physicians' consultation
Regulatory interventions (0)
Changes in medical liability (0)
Management of patient complaints (0)
Peer review (0)
Licensure (0)
Reviews of interventions to improve specific types of practice (30)
Clinical preventive services (2)
Interventions to implement prevention in primary care (withdrawn)
Patient reminder and recall systems to improve immunization rates
Diagnosis (0)
Test ordering (2)
Interventions for improving the appropriate use of imaging in people with musculoskeletal conditions (protocol stage)
Interventions to improve the use of diagnostic tests (protocol stage) (withdrawn)
Referrals (1)
Interventions to improve outpatient referrals from primary care to secondary care
Procedures (1)
Pre-hospital emergency pathways for people with suspected stroke (protocol stage)
General management of a problem (19)
Admission avoidance hospital at home
Alternatives to inpatient mental health care for children and young people (protocol stage)
Effectiveness of knowledge translation interventions to improve cancer pain management (protocol stage)
Improving health professionals' management and the organisation of care for overweight and obese people
Intervention aimed at improving professional adherence to guidelines for prevention of device-related infections (protocol stage)
Interventions for improving outcomes in patients with multimorbidity in primary care and community settings (protocol stage)
Interventions for increasing the proportion of health professionals practising in under-served communities (protocol stage)
Interventions for reducing preventable drug-related hospital admissions or preventable drug-related morbidity in primary care (protocol stage)
Interventions to improve hand hygiene compliance in patient care
Interventions to improve the management of asthma in primary care settings (protocol stage)
Interventions to improve the management of diabetes mellitus in primary care, outpatient and community settings
Interventions to increase the use of screening and brief intervention programmes for hazardous alcohol consumption by patients in primary care settings (protocol stage)
Interventions to reduce waiting lists for elective procedures (protocol stage)
Lay health workers in primary and community health care
Non-clinical interventions for reducing unnecessary caesarean section (protocol stage)
Organisational and professional interventions to promote the uptake of evidence in emergency care: Effects on professional practice and health outcomes (protocol stage)
Outreach and Early Warning Systems (EWS) for the prevention of Intensive Care admission and death of critically ill adult patients on general hospital wards
Printed educational materials: effects on professional practice and health care outcomes
Substitution of doctors by nurses in primary care
Patient education/advice (0)
Professional-patient communication (0)
Record keeping (1)
Interventions for promoting information and communication technologies adoption in healthcare professionals (protocol stage)
Financial (resource use) (2)
Sensory environment on health-related outcomes of hospital patients (protocol stage)
The impact of health financing strategies on access to health services in low and middle income countries (protocol stage)
Discharge planning (1)
Discharge planning from hospital to home
Patient outcomes (1)
Specialist outreach clinics in primary care and rural hospital settings.
Broad overviews (summaries to provide guidance for different target audiences, such as clinicians, consumers, policy makers, guideline developers, educators etc, eg strategies to introduce clinical practice guidelines) (6)
Guideline Dissemination and Implementation Strategies for Nursing and Professions Allied to Medicine
Interventions to increase clinical incident reporting in health care (protocol stage)
Organisational infrastructures to promote evidence based nursing practice
Organising health care services for persons with an intellectual disability
Professional interventions for general practitioners on the management of musculoskeletal conditions (protocol stage)
Teaching critical appraisal skills in health care settings