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-Non-pharmacological interventions for wandering of people with dementia in the domestic setting
20 µg versus >20 µg estrogen combined oral contraceptives for contraception
5-alpha-reductase inhibitors for prostate cancer prevention
A combination drug of abacavir-lamivudine-zidovudine (Trizivir®) for treating HIV infection and AIDS
Abatacept for rheumatoid arthritis
Abdominal decompression for suspected fetal compromise/pre-eclampsia
Abdominal decompression in normal pregnancy
Abdominal lift for laparoscopic cholecystectomy
Abdominal surgical incisions for caesarean section
withdrawn
Absorbable staples for uterine incision at caesarean section
Absorbable suture materials for primary repair of episiotomy and second degree tears
Absorbent products for light urinary incontinence in women
Absorbent products for moderate-heavy urinary and/or faecal incontinence in women and men
Abstinence-only programs for HIV infection prevention in high-income countries
Abstinence-plus programs for HIV infection prevention in high-income countries
Acanthopanax for acute ischaemic stroke
Acellular vaccines for preventing whooping cough in children
Acetaminophen for osteoarthritis
Acetyl-l-carnitine for dementia
Acetylcysteine and carbocysteine for acute upper and lower respiratory tract infections in paediatric patients without chronic broncho-pulmonary disease
Acid reflux treatment for hoarseness
Action plans for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Active chest compression-decompression for cardiopulmonary resuscitation
Active placebos versus antidepressants for depression
withdrawn
Active versus expectant management in the third stage of labour
Acupuncture and assisted conception
Acupuncture and dry-needling for low back pain
Acupuncture and electroacupuncture for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis
Acupuncture and related interventions for smoking cessation
Acupuncture for acute stroke
Acupuncture for Bell's palsy
Acupuncture for chronic asthma
Acupuncture for depression
Acupuncture for dysphagia in acute stroke
Acupuncture for epilepsy
Acupuncture for glaucoma
Acupuncture for induction of labour
Acupuncture for insomnia
Acupuncture for lateral elbow pain
Acupuncture for migraine prophylaxis
Acupuncture for neck disorders
New
Acupuncture for peripheral joint osteoarthritis
Acupuncture for restless legs syndrome
Acupuncture for schizophrenia
Acupuncture for shoulder pain
Acupuncture for stroke rehabilitation
Acupuncture for tension-type headache
Acupuncture for treatment of irritable bowel syndrome
New
Acupuncture for uterine fibroids
Acupuncture for vascular dementia
Acupuncture-point stimulation for chemotherapy-induced nausea or vomiting
Acyclovir for treating primary herpetic gingivostomatitis
Acyclovir for treating varicella in otherwise healthy children and adolescents
Ad libitum or demand/semi-demand feeding versus scheduled interval feeding for preterm infants
Adalimumab for treating rheumatoid arthritis
Addition of anti-leukotriene agents to inhaled corticosteroids for chronic asthma
Addition of drug/s to a chemotherapy regimen for metastatic breast cancer
Addition of intravenous aminophylline to beta2-agonists in adults with acute asthma
Addition of long-acting beta-agonists to inhaled corticosteroids for chronic asthma in children
Addition of long-acting beta2-agonists to inhaled corticosteroids versus same dose inhaled corticosteroids for chronic asthma in adults and children
Addition of long-acting beta2-agonists to inhaled steroids as first line therapy for persistent asthma in steroid-naive adults and children
Addition of long-acting beta2-agonists to inhaled steroids versus higher dose inhaled steroids in adults and children with persistent asthma
Additional anti-Gram-positive antibiotic treatment for febrile neutropenic cancer patients
Additional bedtime H2-receptor antagonist for the control of nocturnal gastric acid breakthrough
New
Adenoidectomy for otitis media in children
New
Adenoidectomy for recurrent or chronic nasal symptoms in children
Adenosine versus intravenous calcium channel antagonists for the treatment of supraventricular tachycardia in adults
Adenotonsillectomy for obstructive sleep apnoea in children
Adhesively bonded versus non-bonded amalgam restorations for dental caries
Adhesives for fixed orthodontic bands
Adhesives for fixed orthodontic brackets
Adjunctive corticosteroids for Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia in patients with HIV-infection
Adjunctive therapies for AIDS dementia complex
Adjustable versus non-adjustable sutures for strabismus
Adjuvant (post-surgery) chemotherapy for early stage epithelial ovarian cancer
Adjuvant antiviral therapy for recurrent respiratory papillomatosis
Adjuvant chemotherapy for invasive bladder cancer (individual patient data)
Adjuvant chemotherapy for localised resectable soft tissue sarcoma in adults
Adjuvant chemotherapy for small intestine adenocarcinoma
Adjuvant platinum-based chemotherapy for early stage cervical cancer
Adjuvant radiotherapy and chemoradiation after surgery for cervical cancer
Adjuvant radiotherapy for stage I endometrial cancer
Adjuvant Therapy for completely resected Stage II Colon Cancer
Adjuvant treatment of anaplastic oligodendrogliomas and oligoastrocytomas
Admission avoidance hospital at home
Adrenaline (epinephrine) for the treatment of anaphylaxis with and without shock
Adrenaline for prevention of morbidity and mortality in preterm infants with cardiovascular compromise
Adrenergic drugs for urinary incontinence in adults
Advance provision of emergency contraception for pregnancy prevention
Advance treatment directives for people with severe mental illness
Advanced trauma life support training for ambulance crews
Advanced trauma life support training for hospital staff
withdrawn
Advice on low-fat diets for obesity
Advice to reduce dietary salt for prevention of cardiovascular disease
withdrawn
Advice to stay active as a single treatment for low-back pain and sciatica
Advising patients to increase fluid intake for treating acute respiratory infections
Advocacy interventions to reduce or eliminate violence and promote the physical and psychosocial well-being of women who experience intimate partner abuse
Aerobic exercise for women during pregnancy
Aerobic exercise interventions for adults living with HIV/AIDS
withdrawn
Aerobic exercise training programmes for improving physical and psychosocial health in adults with Down syndrome
Updated
Aerosolized diuretics for preterm infants with (or developing) chronic lung disease
Air versus oxygen for resuscitation of infants at birth
Alarm interventions for nocturnal enuresis in children
Albendazole for lymphatic filariasis
Albumin infusion for low serum albumin in preterm newborn infants
Alcohol and drug screening of occupational drivers for preventing injury
Alcohol ignition interlock programmes for reducing drink driving recidivism
Alcoholics Anonymous and other 12-step programmes for alcohol dependence
withdrawn
Aldose reductase inhibitors for the prevention and treatment of diabetic peripheral neuropathy
Aldose reductase inhibitors for the treatment of diabetic polyneuropathy
Aldosterone antagonists for preventing the progression of chronic kidney disease
Alendronate for the primary and secondary prevention of osteoporotic fractures in postmenopausal women
Alexander technique for chronic asthma
Alkalinisation for organophosphorus pesticide poisoning
Alkylating agents for Waldenstrom's macroglobulinaemia
Allergen immunotherapy for asthma
Allergen injection immunotherapy for seasonal allergic rhinitis
Allopurinol for chronic prostatitis
Allopurinol for preventing mortality and morbidity in newborn infants with suspected hypoxic-ischaemic encephalopathy
Alpha blockers prior to removal of a catheter for acute urinary retention in adult men
Alpha lipoic acid for dementia
Alpha-1 proteinase inhibitor (a1PI) for preventing chronic lung disease in preterm infants
Alpha-2 adrenergic agonists for the prevention of cardiac complications among patients undergoing surgery
Alpha-fetoprotein and/or liver ultrasonography for liver cancer screening in patients with chronic hepatitis B
Alpha-glucosidase inhibitors for people with impaired glucose tolerance or impaired fasting blood glucose
Alpha-glucosidase inhibitors for type 2 diabetes mellitus
Alpha2-adrenergic agonists for the management of opioid withdrawal
Altered dietary salt for preventing pre-eclampsia, and its complications
Alternative versus conventional institutional settings for birth
Alternative versus standard packages of antenatal care for low-risk pregnancy
Alternatives to inpatient mental health care for children and young people
Amantadine and rimantadine for influenza A in adults
Amantadine and rimantadine for influenza A in children and the elderly
Amantadine for dyskinesia in Parkinson's disease
Amantadine for fatigue in multiple sclerosis
Amantadine in Parkinson's disease
Ambulatory oxygen for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Ambulatory versus conventional methods for monitoring blood pressure during pregnancy
Amfetamine for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in people with intellectual disabilities
Amifostine for salivary glands in high-dose radioactive iodine treated differentiated thyroid cancer
withdrawn
Amino acids for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis / motor neuron disease
Aminopyridines for symptomatic treatment in multiple sclerosis
Aminosteroids for acute traumatic brain injury
Amisulpride for schizophrenia
New
Amisulpride versus other atypical antipsychotics for schizophrenia
Amitriptyline for depression
Amniocentesis and chorionic villus sampling for prenatal diagnosis
Updated
Amnioinfusion for meconium-stained liquor in labour
Amnioinfusion for potential or suspected umbilical cord compression in labour
Amnioinfusion for preterm rupture of membranes
Amniotic fluid index versus single deepest vertical pocket as a screening test for preventing adverse pregnancy outcome
Amniotomy alone for induction of labour
Amniotomy for shortening spontaneous labour
withdrawn
Amniotomy for shortening spontaneous labour
Amniotomy plus intravenous oxytocin for induction of labour
Amodiaquine for treating malaria
Amphetamines for improving recovery after stroke
Amphetamines for schizophrenia
Amphotericin B lipid soluble formulations versus amphotericin B in cancer patients with neutropenia
Amphotericin B versus fluconazole for controlling fungal infections in neutropenic cancer patients
Anabolic steroids for the treatment of weight loss in HIV-infected individuals
Anabolic-androgenic steroids for alcoholic liver disease
Anaesthesia for hip fracture surgery in adults
Anaesthesia for treating distal radial fracture in adults
Anakinra for rheumatoid arthritis
withdrawn
Analgesia and non-aspirin, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs for osteoarthritis of the hip
Analgesia in patients with acute abdominal pain
withdrawn
Androgens versus placebo or no treatment for idiopathic oligo/asthenospermia
Angioplasty (versus non surgical management) for intermittent claudication
Angioplasty for intracranial artery stenosis
Angioplasty versus stenting for superficial femoral artery lesions
Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin II receptor antagonists for preventing the progression of diabetic kidney disease
withdrawn
Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors in normotensive diabetic patients with microalbuminuria
Animal derived surfactant extract for treatment of respiratory distress syndrome
Animal derived surfactant extract versus synthetic surfactant for the prevention and treatment of respiratory distress syndrome
Antacids for preventing oesophagogastric variceal bleeding and rebleeding in cirrhotic patients
Antenatal breast examination for promoting breastfeeding
New
Antenatal cardiotocography for fetal assessment
Antenatal corticosteroids for accelerating fetal lung maturation for women at risk of preterm birth
Antenatal day care units versus hospital admission for women with complicated pregnancy
Antenatal education for self-diagnosis of the onset of active labour at term
Antenatal interventions for fetomaternal alloimmune thrombocytopenia
Antenatal lower genital tract infection screening and treatment programs for preventing preterm delivery
Antenatal perineal massage for reducing perineal trauma
Antenatal phenobarbital for reducing neonatal jaundice after red cell isoimmunization
Antenatal psychosocial assessment for reducing perinatal mental health morbidity
Anterior vaginal repair for urinary incontinence in women
Updated
Anthelmintics for people with neurocysticercosis
Anti-angiogenic therapies for metastatic colorectal cancer
Anti-D administration after childbirth for preventing Rhesus alloimmunisation
Anti-D administration in pregnancy for preventing Rhesus alloimmunisation
Anti-fibrinolytic use for minimising perioperative allogeneic blood transfusion
Anti-histamines for prolonged non-specific cough in children
Anti-IgE for chronic asthma in adults and children
Anti-inflammatory drugs and analgesics for managing symptoms in people with cystic fibrosis-related arthritis
Anti-inflammatory treatment for carditis in acute rheumatic fever
Anti-leukotriene agents compared to inhaled corticosteroids in the management of recurrent and/or chronic asthma in adults and children
Anti-spasticity agents for multiple sclerosis
Anti-tuberculous therapy for maintenance of remission in Crohn's disease
Antiamoebic drugs for treating amoebic colitis
Antiangiogenic therapy with anti-vascular endothelial growth factor modalities for diabetic macular oedema
Antiangiogenic therapy with anti-vascular endothelial growth factor modalities for neovascular age-related macular degeneration
Antiangiogenic therapy with interferon alfa for neovascular age-related macular degeneration
Antiarrhythmics for maintaining sinus rhythm after cardioversion of atrial fibrillation
Antibacterial agents in composite restorations for the prevention of dental caries
Antibiotic duration for treating uncomplicated, symptomatic lower urinary tract infections in elderly women
Antibiotic policies for short-term catheter bladder drainage in adults
Antibiotic prophylaxis for bacterial infections in afebrile neutropenic patients following chemotherapy
withdrawn
Antibiotic prophylaxis for cesarean section
Antibiotic prophylaxis for cirrhotic patients with gastrointestinal bleeding
Antibiotic prophylaxis for fourth-degree perineal tear during vaginal birth
Antibiotic prophylaxis for hernia repair.
Updated
Antibiotic prophylaxis for intrauterine contraceptive device insertion
Antibiotic prophylaxis for leptospirosis
Antibiotic prophylaxis for mammalian bites
Antibiotic prophylaxis for operative vaginal delivery
Antibiotic prophylaxis for preventing meningitis in patients with basilar skull fractures
Antibiotic prophylaxis for spontaneous bacterial peritonitis in cirrhotic patients with ascites, without gastro-intestinal bleeding
Antibiotic prophylaxis for surgery for proximal femoral and other closed long bone fractures
Antibiotic prophylaxis for surgical introduction of intracranial ventricular shunts
Updated
Antibiotic prophylaxis in clean and clean-contaminated ear surgery
Antibiotic prophylaxis regimens and drugs for caesarean section
Antibiotic prophylaxis to reduce respiratory tract infections and mortality in adults receiving intensive care
New
Antibiotic prophylaxis versus no prophylaxis for preventing infection after cesarean section
Antibiotic regimens for endometritis after delivery
Antibiotic regimens for management of intraamniotic infection
Antibiotic regimens for secondary peritonitis of gastrointestinal origin in adults
Antibiotic regimens for suspected early neonatal sepsis
Antibiotic regimens for suspected late onset sepsis in newborn infants
Antibiotic strategies for eradicating Pseudomonas aeruginosa in people with cystic fibrosis
Antibiotic therapy for prophylaxis against infection of pancreatic necrosis in acute pancreatitis
Antibiotic therapy for Shigella dysentery
Antibiotic treatment for Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhea in adults
Antibiotic treatment for travellers' diarrhoea
Antibiotic use for irreversible pulpitis
withdrawn
Antibiotics / anti-inflammatories for reducing acute inflammatory episodes in lymphoedema of the limbs
Updated
Antibiotics and antiseptics for venous leg ulcers
Antibiotics for acute asthma
Antibiotics for acute bronchitis
Antibiotics for acute laryngitis in adults
Antibiotics for acute maxillary sinusitis
Antibiotics for acute otitis media in children
Antibiotics for acute pyelonephritis in children
Antibiotics for asymptomatic bacteriuria in pregnancy
Antibiotics for brain abscesses in people with cyanotic congenital heart disease
Antibiotics for bronchiolitis in children
Antibiotics for community acquired lower respiratory tract infections (LRTI) secondary to Mycoplasma pneumoniae in children
Antibiotics for community acquired pneumonia in adult outpatients
Antibiotics for community acquired pneumonia in children
Antibiotics for exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Antibiotics for gonorrhoea in pregnancy
Antibiotics for incomplete abortion
Antibiotics for mastitis in breastfeeding women
Antibiotics for persistent nasal discharge (rhinosinusitis) in children
Antibiotics for prelabour rupture of membranes at or near term
Antibiotics for preterm rupture of membranes
Antibiotics for preventing complications in children with measles
Antibiotics for preventing infection in open limb fractures
withdrawn
Antibiotics for preventing leptospirosis
Antibiotics for preventing meningococcal infections
Antibiotics for preventing recurrent urinary tract infection in non-pregnant women
Antibiotics for prolonged moist cough in children
Antibiotics for sore throat
Antibiotics for spontaneous bacterial peritonitis in cirrhotic patients
Antibiotics for syphilis diagnosed during pregnancy
Antibiotics for the common cold and acute purulent rhinitis
Antibiotics for the prevention of acute and chronic suppurative otitis media in children
Antibiotics for the prophylaxis of bacterial endocarditis in dentistry
Antibiotics for trachoma
Updated
Antibiotics for treating acute chest syndrome in people with sickle cell disease
Antibiotics for treating bacterial vaginosis in pregnancy
Antibiotics for treating chronic osteomyelitis in adults
Antibiotics for treating community acquired pneumonia in people with sickle cell disease
withdrawn
Antibiotics for treating leptospirosis
Antibiotics for treating osteomyelitis in people with sickle cell disease
Antibiotics for treating salmonella gut infections
Antibiotics for treating scrub typhus
Antibiotics for ureaplasma in the vagina in pregnancy
Antibiotics for whooping cough (pertussis)
Antibiotics to reduce post-tonsillectomy morbidity
Antibiotics versus control for toxoplasma retinochoroiditis
Antibiotics versus placebo for acute bacterial conjunctivitis
Antibiotics versus placebo for prevention of postoperative infection after appendicectomy.
Anticholinergic agents for chronic asthma in adults
Anticholinergic bronchodilators versus beta2-sympathomimetic agents for acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Anticholinergic drugs for wheeze in children under the age of two years
Anticholinergic drugs versus non-drug active therapies for overactive bladder syndrome in adults
Anticholinergic drugs versus other medications for overactive bladder syndrome in adults
Anticholinergic drugs versus placebo for overactive bladder syndrome in adults
Anticholinergic medication for neuroleptic-induced tardive dyskinesia
Anticholinergic therapy for bronchiectasis
Anticholinergic therapy for chronic asthma in children over two years of age
Anticholinergics for neuroleptic-induced acute akathisia
Anticholinergics for prolonged non-specific cough in children
Anticholinergics for symptomatic management of Parkinson´s disease
Anticholinergics for urinary symptoms in multiple sclerosis
withdrawn
Anticoagulant and aspirin prophylaxis for preventing thromboembolism after major gynaecological surgery
Anticoagulants (heparin, low molecular weight heparin and oral anticoagulants) for intermittent claudication
Anticoagulants for acute ischaemic stroke
Anticoagulants for preventing recurrence following presumed non-cardioembolic ischaemic stroke or transient ischaemic attack
Anticoagulants for preventing stroke in patients with nonrheumatic atrial fibrillation and a history of stroke or transient ischaemic attack
withdrawn
Anticoagulants or antiplatelet therapy for non-rheumatic atrial fibrillation and flutter
Anticoagulants versus antiplatelet agents for acute ischaemic stroke
Anticoagulants versus antiplatelet therapy for preventing stroke in patients with nonrheumatic atrial fibrillation and a history of stroke or transient ischemic attack
Anticoagulants versus non-steroidal anti-inflammatories or placebo for treatment of venous thromboembolism
Anticoagulation for cerebral sinus thrombosis
Anticoagulation for heart failure in sinus rhythm
Anticoagulation for the initial treatment of venous thromboembolism in patients with cancer
Anticoagulation for the long term treatment of venous thromboembolism in patients with cancer
Anticoagulation for thrombosis prophylaxis in cancer patients with central venous catheters
withdrawn
Anticonvulsant drugs for acute and chronic pain
Anticonvulsant drugs for migraine prophylaxis
Anticonvulsant therapy for status epilepticus
Anticonvulsants for alcohol withdrawal
Anticonvulsants for cocaine dependence
Anticonvulsants for neonates with seizures
Anticonvulsants for preventing mortality and morbidity in full term newborns with perinatal asphyxia
Anticonvulsants for preventing seizures in patients with chronic subdural haematoma
Antidepressant drugs for narcolepsy
Antidepressant prevention of postnatal depression
Antidepressant treatment for post-natal depression
Antidepressants for anorexia nervosa
withdrawn
Antidepressants for cocaine dependence
Antidepressants for depressed elderly
withdrawn
Antidepressants for depression in medical illness
Antidepressants for generalized anxiety disorder
Antidepressants for neuropathic pain
Antidepressants for non-specific low back pain
Antidepressants for patients with tinnitus
Antidepressants for people with both schizophrenia and depression
Antidepressants for smoking cessation
Antidepressants for the negative symptoms of schizophrenia
Antidepressants for treating depression in dementia
Antidepressants plus benzodiazepines for major depression
Antidepressants versus placebo for depression in primary care
Antidepressants versus placebo for people with bulimia nervosa
Antidepressants versus placebo for the depressed elderly
Antidepressants versus psychological treatments and their combination for bulimia nervosa
Antidotes for acute cardenolide (cardiac glycoside) poisoning
Antiemetics for reducing vomiting related to acute gastroenteritis in children and adolescents
Antiepileptic drugs for preventing seizures in people with brain tumors
Antiepileptic drugs for the primary and secondary prevention of seizures after intracranial venous thrombosis
New
Antiepileptic drugs for the primary and secondary prevention of seizures after stroke
Antifibrinolytic agents for reducing blood loss in scoliosis surgery in children
Updated
Antifibrinolytic amino acids for acquired coagulation disorders in patients with liver disease
Antifibrinolytic drugs for acute traumatic injury
Antifibrinolytic therapy for aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage
Antifibrinolytics for heavy menstrual bleeding
Antifungal agents for preventing fungal infections in non-neutropenic critically ill patients
Antifungal agents for preventing fungal infections in solid organ transplant recipients
Antifungal interventions for the primary prevention of cryptococcal disease in adults with HIV
Antifungal therapies for allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis in people with cystic fibrosis
New
Antigen-specific active immunotherapy for ovarian cancer
Antiglucocorticoid treatments for mood disorders
Antihistamines and/or decongestants for otitis media with effusion (OME) in children
Antihistamines for the common cold
Antihistamines versus aspirin for itching in late pregnancy
Antihypertensive agents for preventing diabetic kidney disease
Antihypertensive drug therapy for mild to moderate hypertension during pregnancy
withdrawn
Antihypertensive therapy for preventing cardiovascular complications in people with diabetes mellitus
Antihypertensive treatment for kidney transplant recipients
Antimalarials for treating rheumatoid arthritis
Antimicrobial agents for preventing peritonitis in peritoneal dialysis patients
Antimicrobial drugs for treating methicillin-susceptible and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus colonization
Antimicrobial prophylaxis for colorectal surgery
Antimotility agents for chronic diarrhoea in people with HIV/AIDS
Antioxidant supplements for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and/or steatohepatitis
Antioxidant supplements for preventing gastrointestinal cancers
Antioxidant supplements for prevention of mortality in healthy participants and patients with various diseases
Antioxidant treatment for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis or motor neuron disease
Antioxidant vitamin and mineral supplements for preventing age-related macular degeneration
Antioxidant vitamin and mineral supplements for slowing the progression of age-related macular degeneration
Antioxidants and other pharmacological treatments for Friedreich ataxia
Antioxidants for preventing pre-eclampsia
Antiplatelet agents and anticoagulants for hypertension
withdrawn
Antiplatelet agents for preventing and treating pre-eclampsia
Antiplatelet agents for preventing pre-eclampsia and its complications
Antiplatelet agents for preventing thrombosis after peripheral arterial bypass surgery
Antiplatelet agents versus control or anticoagulation for heart failure in sinus rhythm
Antiplatelet and anticoagulant drugs for prevention of restenosis/reocclusion following peripheral endovascular treatment
Antiplatelet and anticoagulation for patients with prosthetic heart valves
Antiplatelet drugs for polycythaemia vera and essential thrombocythaemia
Antiplatelet therapy for acute ischaemic stroke
Antiplatelet therapy for aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage
Antiplatelet therapy for preventing stroke and other vascular events after carotid endarterectomy
Antiplatelet therapy for preventing stroke in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation and no previous history of stroke or transient ischemic attacks
withdrawn
Antiplatelet therapy for preventing stroke in patients with nonrheumatic atrial fibrillation and a history of stroke or transient ischemic attacks
Antipsychotic drug treatment for elderly people with late-onset schizophrenia
Antipsychotic drugs for non-affective psychosis during pregnancy and postpartum
Antipsychotic medication for challenging behaviour in people with learning disability
Antipsychotic medication for childhood-onset schizophrenia
Antipsychotic medication for elderly people with schizophrenia
Antipsychotic medication versus placebo for people with both schizophrenia and learning disability
Antipsychotic medications for cocaine dependence
Antipsychotics for acute and chronic pain in adults
Antipsychotics for delirium
Antipyretic measures for treating fever in malaria
Antiretroviral post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) for occupational HIV exposure
Antiretroviral pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) for preventing HIV in high-risk individuals
Antiretroviral regimens for patients with HIV who fail first-line antiretroviral therapy
Antiretrovirals for reducing the risk of mother-to-child transmission of HIV infection
Antistaphylococcal immunoglobulins to prevent staphylococcal infection in very low birth weight infants
Antistreptococcal interventions for guttate and chronic plaque psoriasis
Antithrombin for respiratory distress syndrome in preterm infants
Antithrombin III for critically ill patients
Antithrombotic agents for preventing thrombosis after infrainguinal arterial bypass surgery
Antithrombotic drugs for carotid artery dissection
Updated
Antithyroid drug regimen for treating Graves' hyperthyroidism
Antitumour antibiotic containing regimens for metastatic breast cancer
Antiviral agents for treatment of herpes simplex virus infection in neonates
Antiviral medications for preventing cytomegalovirus disease in solid organ transplant recipients
Antiviral therapy for Ramsay Hunt syndrome (herpes zoster oticus with facial palsy) in adults
Updated
Antiviral therapy for recurrent liver graft infection with hepatitis C virus
Antiviral treatment for Bell's palsy (idiopathic facial paralysis)
New
Antiviral treatment for chronic hepatitis C in patients with human immunodeficiency virus
Antiviral treatment for preventing postherpetic neuralgia
withdrawn
Antivirals for the common cold
Updated
Anxiolytics for smoking cessation
Aquatic exercise for the treatment of knee and hip osteoarthritis
Aqueous shunts for glaucoma
Area-wide traffic calming for preventing traffic related injuries
Arginine supplementation for prevention of necrotising enterocolitis in preterm infants
withdrawn
Argon plasma coagulation therapy for acute non-variceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding
Aripiprazole for schizophrenia
Aripiprazole versus other atypical antipsychotics for schizophrenia
Aripiprazole versus typical antipsychotic drugs for schizophrenia
Aroma therapy for dementia
Aromatase inhibitors for treatment of advanced breast cancer in postmenopausal women
withdrawn
Aromatherapy and massage for symptom relief in patients with cancer
Art therapy for schizophrenia or schizophrenia-like illnesses
Artemether-lumefantrine (four-dose regimen) for treating uncomplicated falciparum malaria
Artemether-lumefantrine (six-dose regimen) for treating uncomplicated falciparum malaria
withdrawn
Artemether-lumefantrine for treating uncomplicated falciparum malaria
Artemisinin derivatives for treating severe malaria
Artemisinin derivatives for treating uncomplicated malaria
Artemisinin-based combination therapy for treating uncomplicated malaria
Artesunate plus mefloquine versus mefloquine for treating uncomplicated malaria
Updated
Artesunate versus quinine for treating severe malaria
Arthrocentesis and lavage for treating temporomandibular joint disorders
Arthrographic distension for adhesive capsulitis (frozen shoulder)
Arthroplasties (with and without bone cement) for proximal femoral fractures in adults
Arthroscopic debridement for knee osteoarthritis
Artichoke leaf extract for treating hypercholesterolaemia
Artificial and bioartificial support systems for liver failure
'As required' medication regimens for seriously mentally ill people in hospital
Aspirin for vascular dementia
Aspirin or anticoagulants for treating recurrent miscarriage in women without antiphospholipid syndrome
Assertive community treatment for people with severe mental disorders
Assisted hatching on assisted conception (IVF and ICSI)
Assistive technology for rheumatoid arthritis
Atovaquone-proguanil for treating uncomplicated malaria
Atrial natriuretic peptide for preventing and treating acute kidney injury
Atypical antipsychotics for aggression and psychosis associated with dementia
Atypical antipsychotics for people with both schizophrenia and depression
Audio recordings of consultations with doctors for parents of critically sick babies
Audio-visual presentation of information for informed consent for participation in clinical trials
withdrawn
Audit and feedback versus alternative strategies: effects on professional practice and health care outcomes
Audit and feedback: effects on professional practice and health care outcomes
Audit filters for improving processes of care and clinical outcomes in trauma systems
Auditory integration training and other sound therapies for autism spectrum disorders
Auranofin versus placebo in rheumatoid arthritis
Auricular acupuncture for cocaine dependence
Autoinflation for hearing loss associated with otitis media with effusion
Autologous chondrocyte implantation for full thickness articular cartilage defects of the knee
Updated
Aversive smoking for smoking cessation
Avoidance of bottles during the establishment of breast feeds in preterm infants
Ayurvedic medicine for schizophrenia
Azapirones for generalized anxiety disorder
Azathioprine and 6-mercaptopurine for maintenance of remission in ulcerative colitis
Azathioprine as an oral corticosteroid sparing agent for asthma
Azathioprine for multiple sclerosis
Azathioprine for primary biliary cirrhosis
Azathioprine for treating rheumatoid arthritis
Azathioprine or 6-mercaptopurine for induction of remission in Crohn's disease
Azathioprine or 6-mercaptopurine for maintenance of remission in Crohn's disease
Azithromycin for acute lower respiratory tract infections
Azithromycin for treating uncomplicated typhoid and paratyphoid fever (enteric fever)
Azoles for allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis associated with asthma
Back schools for non-specific low-back pain.
Balloon angioplasty versus medical therapy for hypertensive patients with renal artery obstruction
Balneotherapy for osteoarthritis
Balneotherapy for rheumatoid arthritis
Barbiturates for acute traumatic brain injury
New
Bariatric surgery for non-alcoholic steatohepatitis in obese patients
Barrier agents for adhesion prevention after gynaecological surgery
Base administration or fluid bolus for preventing morbidity and mortality in preterm infants with metabolic acidosis
Beclomethasone at different doses for chronic asthma
Beclomethasone for asthma in children: effects on linear growth
Beclomethasone versus budesonide for chronic asthma
Beclomethasone versus placebo for chronic asthma
Bed rest during pregnancy for preventing miscarriage
Bed rest for acute low-back pain and sciatica
Updated
Bed rest for acute uncomplicated myocardial infarction
Bed rest in hospital for suspected impaired fetal growth
Bed rest in singleton pregnancies for preventing preterm birth
Bed rest with or without hospitalisation for hypertension during pregnancy
Behavioral interventions to reduce risk for sexual transmission of HIV among men who have sex with men
Updated
Behavioural and cognitive behavioural therapy for obsessive compulsive disorder in children and adolescents
Behavioural and cognitive behavioural training interventions for assisting foster carers in the management of difficult behaviour
Behavioural and cognitive interventions with or without other treatments for the management of faecal incontinence in children
Behavioural and cognitive-behavioural interventions for outwardly-directed aggressive behaviour in people with learning disabilities
Behavioural interventions for dysmenorrhoea
Behavioural treatment for chronic low-back pain
Behavioural treatments for non-epileptic attack disorder
Updated
Benperidol for schizophrenia
Benzo-pyrones for reducing and controlling lymphoedema of the limbs
Benzodiazepine receptor antagonists for hepatic encephalopathy
Benzodiazepines and related drugs for insomnia in palliative care
Benzodiazepines for alcohol withdrawal
Benzodiazepines for catatonia in people with schizophrenia and other serious mental illnesses
Benzodiazepines for delirium
Benzodiazepines for neuroleptic-induced acute akathisia
Benzodiazepines for neuroleptic-induced tardive dyskinesia
Benzodiazepines for psychosis-induced aggression or agitation
Benzodiazepines for schizophrenia
New
Benzodiazepines for the relief of breathlessness in advanced malignant and non-malignant diseases in adults
Beta blockers for peripheral arterial disease
Beta lactam antibiotic monotherapy versus beta lactam-aminoglycoside antibiotic combination therapy for sepsis
Beta radiation for glaucoma surgery
Beta-2 receptor antagonists for acute traumatic brain injury
Beta-blocker supplementation of standard drug treatment for schizophrenia
Beta-blocker therapy for tremor in Parkinson's disease
Beta-blockers for congestive heart failure in children
Beta-blockers for hypertension
Beta-lactam versus beta-lactam-aminoglycoside combination therapy in cancer patients with neutropenia
Beta-sitosterols for benign prostatic hyperplasia
Beta2-agonists for acute bronchitis
Betahistine for Ménière's disease or syndrome
Betamimetics for inhibiting preterm labour
Betamimetics for suspected impaired fetal growth
Bicycle helmet legislation for the uptake of helmet use and prevention of head injuries
Bicyclol for chronic hepatitis B
Bicyclol for chronic hepatitis C
Bile acids for liver-transplanted patients
Bile acids for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and/or steatohepatitis
Bile acids for primary sclerosing cholangitis
Bile acids for viral hepatitis
Updated
Biochemical tests of placental function for assessment in pregnancy
Biocompatible hemodialysis membranes for acute renal failure
Biofeedback and/or sphincter exercises for the treatment of faecal incontinence in adults
Biologics for rheumatoid arthritis: an overview of Cochrane reviews
Biomedical risk assessment as an aid for smoking cessation
Biophysical profile for fetal assessment in high risk pregnancies
Biopsy versus resection for high grade glioma
withdrawn
Biopsychosocial rehabilitation for upper limb repetitive strain injuries in working age adults
withdrawn
Bioresorbable fixation devices for musculoskeletal injuries in adults
Biphasic versus monophasic oral contraceptives for contraception
Biphasic versus triphasic oral contraceptives for contraception
Bispectral index for improving anaesthetic delivery and postoperative recovery
Bisphosphonate therapy for children and adolescents with secondary osteoporosis
Bisphosphonate therapy for osteogenesis imperfecta
Bisphosphonates for advanced prostate cancer
Bisphosphonates for breast cancer
Bisphosphonates for osteoporosis in people with cystic fibrosis
Bisphosphonates for steroid induced osteoporosis
Bisphosphonates for the relief of pain secondary to bone metastases
Bisphosphonates in multiple myeloma
Bladder neck needle suspension for urinary incontinence in women
Bladder training for urinary incontinence in adults
Blood pressure lowering efficacy of alpha blockers for primary hypertension
Blood pressure lowering efficacy of angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors for primary hypertension
Blood pressure lowering efficacy of angiotensin receptor blockers for primary hypertension
New
Blood pressure lowering efficacy of beta-blockers as second-line therapy for primary hypertension
Blood pressure lowering efficacy of coenzyme Q10 for primary hypertension
Blood pressure lowering efficacy of diuretics as second-line therapy for primary hypertension
Blood pressure lowering efficacy of loop diuretics for primary hypertension
New
Blood pressure lowering efficacy of potassium-sparing diuretics (that block the epithelial sodium channel) for primary hypertension
Blood pressure lowering efficacy of renin inhibitors for primary hypertension
Blood pressure lowering efficacy of reserpine for primary hypertension
Blood pressure lowering in patients without prior cerebrovascular disease for prevention of cognitive impairment and dementia
Blood transfusion for preventing stroke in people with sickle cell disease
Blood transfusion for treating malarial anaemia
New
Blood transfusions for treating acute chest syndrome in people with sickle cell disease
Bone grafts and bone substitutes for treating distal radial fractures in adults
Bone marrow harvest versus peripheral stem cell collection for haemopoietic stem cell donation in healthy donors
Updated
Botulinum toxin A as an adjunct to treatment in the management of the upper limb in children with spastic cerebral palsy (UPDATE)
Botulinum toxin for masseter hypertrophy
Botulinum toxin for the treatment of strabismus
Botulinum toxin injections for adults with overactive bladder syndrome
Updated
Botulinum toxin injections for the treatment of spasmodic dysphonia
Botulinum toxin type A in the treatment of lower limb spasticity in cerebral palsy
Botulinum toxin type A therapy for blepharospasm
Botulinum toxin type A therapy for cervical dystonia
Botulinum toxin type A therapy for hemifacial spasm
Botulinum toxin type A versus anticholinergics for cervical dystonia
Botulinum toxin type A versus botulinum toxin type B for cervical dystonia
Botulinum toxin type B for cervical dystonia
Braces and orthoses for treating osteoarthritis of the knee
New
Braces for idiopathic scoliosis in adolescents
Branched-chain amino acids for hepatic encephalopathy
Updated
Breast stimulation for cervical ripening and induction of labour
Breastfeeding or breast milk for procedural pain in neonates
Breathing exercises for asthma
Brief interventions for heavy alcohol users admitted to general hospital wards
Bright light therapy for sleep problems in adults aged 60+
withdrawn
Bromocriptine for idiopathic oligo/asthenospermia
Bromocriptine for levodopa-induced motor complications in Parkinson's disease
withdrawn
Bromocriptine for unexplained subfertility in women
Bromocriptine versus levodopa in early Parkinson's disease
Bromocriptine/levodopa combined versus levodopa alone for early Parkinson's disease
Bronchodilators for bronchiolitis
Bronchodilators for the prevention and treatment of chronic lung disease in preterm infants
Bronchopulmonary hygiene physical therapy for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and bronchiectasis
Buccal or sublingual misoprostol for cervical ripening and induction of labour
Budesonide at different doses for chronic asthma
Budesonide for induction of remission in Crohn's disease
Budesonide for maintenance of remission in Crohn's disease
Budesonide versus placebo for chronic asthma in children and adults
Buflomedil for intermittent claudication
Bulking agents, antispasmodics and antidepressants for the treatment of irritable bowel syndrome
Buprenorphine for the management of opioid withdrawal
Buprenorphine maintenance versus placebo or methadone maintenance for opioid dependence
Bypass surgery for chronic lower limb ischaemia
Cabergoline for levodopa-induced complications in Parkinson's disease
Cabergoline versus bromocriptine for levodopa-induced complications in Parkinson's disease
Caesarean delivery for the second twin
Caesarean section for non-medical reasons at term
Caesarean section versus vaginal delivery for preventing mother to infant hepatitis C virus transmission
Updated
Caffeine for asthma
Updated
Caffeine versus theophylline for apnea in preterm infants
Calcimimetics for secondary hyperparathyroidism in chronic kidney disease patients
Calcitonin for metastatic bone pain
Calcitonin for preventing and treating corticosteroid-induced osteoporosis
Calcium and phosphorus supplementation of human milk for preterm infants
Calcium and vitamin D for corticosteroid-induced osteoporosis
Updated
Calcium antagonists as an add-on therapy for drug-resistant epilepsy
Calcium antagonists for acute ischemic stroke
Calcium antagonists for aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage
Calcium antagonists for Duchenne muscular dystrophy
Calcium channel blockers for acute traumatic brain injury
Calcium channel blockers for inhibiting preterm labour
Calcium channel blockers for neuroleptic-induced tardive dyskinesia
Calcium channel blockers for potential impaired fetal growth
Calcium channel blockers for preventing acute tubular necrosis in kidney transplant recipients
Calcium supplementation during pregnancy for preventing hypertensive disorders and related problems
Calcium supplementation for improving bone mineral density in children
Calcium supplementation for the management of primary hypertension in adults
withdrawn
Calcium supplementation on bone loss in postmenopausal women
Calorie controlled diet for chronic asthma
Cancer genetic risk assessment for individuals at risk of familial breast cancer
Cannabinoid type 1 receptor antagonists (rimonabant) for smoking cessation
Cannabinoids for the treatment of dementia
Cannabinoids for Tourette's Syndrome
Cannabis and schizophrenia
Capitation, salary, fee-for-service and mixed systems of payment: effects on the behaviour of primary care physicians
Capsaicin for allergic rhinitis in adults
Carbamazepine for acute and chronic pain in adults
withdrawn
Carbamazepine for cocaine dependence
Carbamazepine for schizophrenia
Carbamazepine versus phenobarbitone monotherapy for epilepsy
Carbamazepine versus phenytoin monotherapy for epilepsy
Carbamazepine versus valproate monotherapy for epilepsy
Carbohydrate supplementation of human milk to promote growth in preterm infants
Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors for hypercapnic ventilatory failure in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Cardioprotective interventions for cancer patients receiving anthracyclines
Cardiopulmonary interventions to decrease blood loss and blood transfusion requirements for liver resection
Cardioselective beta-blockers for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Cardioselective beta-blockers for reversible airway disease
withdrawn
Cardiotocography for antepartum fetal assessment
Care delivery and self-management strategies for adults with epilepsy
Care home versus hospital and own home environments for rehabilitation of older people
withdrawn
Caregiver support for postpartum depression
withdrawn
Caregiver support for women during childbirth
Carnitine supplementation for inborn errors of metabolism
Carnitine supplementation for preterm infants with recurrent apnea
Carnitine supplementation of parenterally fed neonates
Carotid endarterectomy for asymptomatic carotid stenosis
Carotid endarterectomy for carotid stenosis in patients selected for coronary artery bypass graft surgery
Carotid endarterectomy for symptomatic carotid stenosis
Case management for people with severe mental disorders
Case management for persons with substance use disorders
Castor oil, bath and/or enema for cervical priming and induction of labour
Catechol-O-methyltransferase inhibitors for levodopa-induced complications in Parkinson's disease
Catechol-O-methyltransferase inhibitors versus active comparators for levodopa-induced complications in Parkinson's disease
Catheter policies for management of long term voiding problems in adults with neurogenic bladder disorders
Catheter type, placement and insertion techniques for preventing peritonitis in peritoneal dialysis patients
Caudal epidural block versus other methods of postoperative pain relief for circumcision in boys
Celecoxib for rheumatoid arthritis
Cell salvage for minimising perioperative allogeneic blood transfusion
Cellulose, modified cellulose and synthetic membranes in the haemodialysis of patients with end-stage renal disease
Central action beta-blockers versus placebo for neuroleptic-induced acute akathisia
Central venous access sites for the prevention of venous thrombosis, stenosis and infection in patients requiring long-term intravenous therapy
Cephalic version by moxibustion for breech presentation
Cephalic version by postural management for breech presentation
Ceramic inlays for restoring posterior teeth
Cerebrospinal fluid drainage for thoracic and thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysm surgery
Cernilton for benign prostatic hyperplasia
Cervical assessment by ultrasound for preventing preterm delivery
Updated
Cervical cap versus diaphragm for contraception
Cervical insemination versus intra-uterine insemination of donor sperm for subfertility
Cervical stitch (cerclage) for preventing pregnancy loss in women
Cervico-thoracic or lumbar sympathectomy for neuropathic pain
Cessation of medication for people with schizophrenia already stable on chlorpromazine
Chelation therapy for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease
Chemical pleurodesis versus surgical intervention for persistent and recurrent pneumothoraces in cystic fibrosis
Chemoimmunotherapy versus chemotherapy for metastatic malignant melanoma
Chemoprophylaxis and intermittent treatment for preventing malaria in children
Chemotherapeutic wafers for High Grade Glioma
Chemotherapy alone versus endocrine therapy alone for metastatic breast cancer
withdrawn
Chemotherapy and radiotherapy for inoperable advanced pancreatic cancer
Chemotherapy and surgery versus surgery alone in non-small cell lung cancer
Chemotherapy as an adjunct to radiotherapy in locally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma
Chemotherapy for advanced gastric cancer
Chemotherapy for advanced ovarian cancer
Chemotherapy for advanced, recurrent or metastatic endometrial carcinoma
Chemotherapy for high-grade glioma
Chemotherapy for hormone-refractory prostate cancer
Chemotherapy for metastatic carcinoma of the esophagus and gastro-esophageal junction
Chemotherapy for non-small cell lung cancer
Chemotherapy plus Rituximab versus chemotherapy alone for B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma
Chemotherapy versus best supportive care for extensive small cell lung cancer
Chemotherapy versus surgery for initial treatment in advanced ovarian epithelial cancer
Chemotherapy, radiotherapy and combined modality for Hodgkin's disease, with emphasis on second cancer risk
Chest physiotherapy compared to no chest physiotherapy for cystic fibrosis
Chest physiotherapy for acute bronchiolitis in paediatric patients between 0 and 24 months old
Updated
Chest physiotherapy for preventing morbidity in babies being extubated from mechanical ventilation
Chest physiotherapy for reducing respiratory morbidity in infants requiring ventilatory support
Chest radiograph in acute respiratory infections
Chinese herbal medicine for atopic eczema
New
Chinese herbal medicine for chronic neck pain due to cervical degenerative disc disease
Chinese herbal medicine for endometriosis
Chinese herbal medicine for premenstrual syndrome
Chinese herbal medicine for primary dysmenorrhoea
Chinese herbal medicine for schizophrenia
Chinese herbal medicine Huangqi type formulations for nephrotic syndrome
Chinese herbal medicine suxiao jiuxin wan for angina pectoris
Chinese herbal medicines for acute pancreatitis
Chinese herbal medicines for esophageal cancer
Chinese herbal medicines for hyperthyroidism
New
Chinese herbal medicines for induction of remission in advanced or late gastric cancer
Chinese herbal medicines for people with impaired glucose tolerance or impaired fasting blood glucose
Updated
Chinese herbal medicines for treating pre-eclampsia
Chinese herbal medicines for type 2 diabetes mellitus
Chinese herbal medicines in the treatment of ectopic pregnancy
Chinese herbs combined with Western medicine for severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)
Chinese medical herbs for chemotherapy side effects in colorectal cancer patients
Chinese medicinal herbs for acute bronchitis
Chinese medicinal herbs for asymptomatic carriers of hepatitis B virus infection
Chinese medicinal herbs for chronic hepatitis B
Chinese medicinal herbs for influenza
Chinese medicinal herbs for measles
Chinese medicinal herbs for sore throat
Chinese medicinal herbs for the common cold
Chinese medicinal herbs to treat the side-effects of chemotherapy in breast cancer patients
Chitosan for overweight or obesity
Chloroquine as a steroid sparing agent for asthma
Chloroquine or amodiaquine combined with sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine for treating uncomplicated malaria
Chlorproguanil-dapsone for treating uncomplicated malaria
Chlorpromazine dose for people with schizophrenia
Chlorpromazine versus placebo for schizophrenia
Cholecystectomy deferral in patients with endoscopic sphincterotomy
Cholecystectomy for gallbladder polyp
Cholecystectomy for patients with silent gallstones
Cholecystectomy for suspected gallbladder dyskinesia
Cholinergic medication for neuroleptic-induced tardive dyskinesia
Cholinesterase inhibitors for Alzheimer's disease
Cholinesterase inhibitors for delirium
Cholinesterase inhibitors for dementia with Lewy bodies
Cholinesterase inhibitors for Parkinson's disease dementia
withdrawn
Chorion villus sampling versus amniocentesis for prenatal diagnosis
Chromoscopy versus conventional endoscopy for the detection of polyps in the colon and rectum
New
Chuanxiong preparations for preventing stroke
Chuanxiong-type preparations for acute ischemic stroke
Ciclesonide versus other inhaled steroids for chronic asthma in children and adults
Ciclesonide versus placebo for chronic asthma in adults and children
Ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF) for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis or motor neuron disease
Cilostazol for peripheral arterial disease
Circulatory volume expansion therapy for aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage
Cisapride treatment for gastro-oesophageal reflux in children
Cleavage stage versus blastocyst stage embryo transfer in assisted conception
Clinical decision support systems for neonatal care
Clinical pathways for chronic cough in children
Clinical service organisation for heart failure
Clobazam as an add-on in the management of refractory epilepsy
Clomiphene and anti-oestrogens for ovulation induction in PCOS
withdrawn
Clomiphene citrate for ovulation induction in women with oligo-amenorrhoea
Updated
Clomiphene citrate for unexplained subfertility in women
withdrawn
Clomiphene or tamoxifen for idiopathic oligo/asthenospermia
Clonidine for smoking cessation
Clopidogrel plus aspirin versus aspirin alone for preventing cardiovascular disease
Closed reduction methods for treating distal radial fractures in adults
Closed suction surgical wound drainage after orthopaedic surgery
Closed tracheal suction systems versus open tracheal suction systems for mechanically ventilated adult patients
Closure versus non-closure of the peritoneum at caesarean section
Clotiapine for acute psychotic illnesses
Clotting factor concentrates given to prevent bleeding and bleeding-related complications in people with hemophilia A or B
Clozapine combined with different antipsychotic drugs for treatment resistant schizophrenia
Updated
Clozapine versus typical neuroleptic medication for schizophrenia
withdrawn
Co-ordinated multidisciplinary approaches for inpatient rehabilitation of older patients with proximal femoral fractures
Coasting (withholding gonadotrophins) for preventing ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome
Coblation versus other surgical techniques for tonsillectomy
Cognitive behaviour therapy for chronic fatigue syndrome in adults
Cognitive behaviour therapy for schizophrenia
Cognitive behavioural interventions for sleep problems in adults aged 60+
Cognitive behavioural therapy for anxiety disorders in children and adolescents
Cognitive behavioural therapy for men who physically abuse their female partner
Cognitive behavioural therapy for tinnitus
Cognitive rehabilitation and cognitive training for early-stage Alzheimer's disease and vascular dementia
Cognitive rehabilitation for attention deficits following stroke
Cognitive rehabilitation for memory deficits following stroke
Cognitive rehabilitation for people with schizophrenia and related conditions
Cognitive rehabilitation for spatial neglect following stroke
Cognitive-behavioral treatment for antisocial behavior in youth in residential treatment
Cognitive-behavioural interventions for children who have been sexually abused
Cognitive-behavioural interventions for preventing youth gang involvement for children and young people (7-16)
Updated
Colchicine as an oral corticosteroid sparing agent for asthma
Colchicine for acute gout
Colchicine for alcoholic and non-alcoholic liver fibrosis and cirrhosis
Colchicine for primary biliary cirrhosis
Collection devices for obtaining cervical cytology samples
Colloid solutions for fluid resuscitation
Colloids versus crystalloids for fluid resuscitation in critically ill patients
Colony stimulating factors (including erythropoietin, granulocyte colony stimulating factor and analogues) for stroke
Colony stimulating factors for chemotherapy induced febrile neutropenia
Colony-stimulating factors for prevention of myelosuppressive therapy-induced febrile neutropenia in children with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia
Combination antimicrobial susceptibility testing for acute exacerbations in chronic infection of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in cystic fibrosis
Combination chemotherapy for high-risk gestational trophoblastic tumour
Combination contraceptives: effects on weight
Combination fluticasone and salmeterol versus fixed dose combination budesonide and formoterol for chronic asthma in adults and children
Combination formoterol and budesonide as maintenance and reliever therapy versus inhaled steroid maintenance for chronic asthma in adults and children
Combination formoterol and inhaled steroid versus beta2-agonist as relief medication for chronic asthma in adults and children
Combination injectable contraceptives for contraception
Combinations of topical fluoride (toothpastes, mouthrinses, gels, varnishes) versus single topical fluoride for preventing dental caries in children and adolescents
Combined calcium, magnesium and potassium supplementation for the management of primary hypertension in adults
withdrawn
Combined chemotherapy and radiotherapy (without surgery) compared with radiotherapy alone in localized carcinoma of the esophagus
Combined corticosteroid and long-acting beta-agonist in one inhaler versus inhaled steroids for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Combined corticosteroid and long-acting beta-agonist in one inhaler versus long-acting beta-agonists for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Combined corticosteroid and long-acting beta-agonist in one inhaler versus placebo for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Combined DTP-HBV-HIB vaccine versus separately administered DTP-HBV and HIB vaccines for primary prevention of diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis, hepatitis B and Haemophilus influenzae B (HIB)
Combined hormonal versus nonhormonal versus progestin-only contraception in lactation
Combined inhaled anticholinergics and beta2-agonists for initial treatment of acute asthma in children
Combined intermittent pneumatic leg compression and pharmacological prophylaxis for prevention of venous thromboembolism in high-risk patients
Combined oral contraceptive pills for treatment of acne
Combined psychotherapy plus antidepressants for panic disorder with or without agoraphobia
Combined psychotherapy plus benzodiazepines for panic disorder
Combined spinal-epidural versus epidural analgesia in labour
New
Combined use of hyperthermia and radiation therapy for treating locally advanced cervix carcinoma
Combined vitamin B6-magnesium treatment in autism spectrum disorder
withdrawn
Commercial hospital discharge packs for breastfeeding women
Commercial versus home-made spacers in delivering bronchodilator therapy for acute therapy in children
Common antiepileptic drugs in pregnancy in women with epilepsy
Communication skills training for health care professionals working with cancer patients, their families and/or carers
Community animal health services for improving household wealth and health status of low income farmers
Community interventions for preventing smoking in young people
Community interventions for reducing smoking among adults
Community mental health teams (CMHTs) for people with severe mental illnesses and disordered personality
Community pharmacy personnel interventions for smoking cessation
Community screening for visual impairment in the elderly
Community-based interventions for the prevention of burns and scalds in children
Community-based supplementary feeding for promoting the growth of young children in developing countries
Comparative efficacy of epidural, subarachnoid, and intracerebroventricular opioids in patients with pain due to cancer
Competitions and incentives for smoking cessation
Complementary and alternative therapies for pain management in labour
Complementary and miscellaneous interventions for nocturnal enuresis in children
Complete or ultraconservative removal of decayed tissue in unfilled teeth
Complex behavioural and educational interventions for nocturnal enuresis in children
New
Complex interventions for preventing diabetic foot ulceration
Compliance therapy for schizophrenia
Compression for preventing recurrence of venous ulcers
Compression for venous leg ulcers
Compression stockings for preventing deep vein thrombosis in airline passengers
Compression therapy for treating stage I and II (Widmer) post-thrombotic syndrome
Compulsory community and involuntary outpatient treatment for people with severe mental disorders
Computerized advice on drug dosage to improve prescribing practice
Concomitant chemotherapy and radiation therapy for cancer of the uterine cervix
Concomitant hydroxyurea plus radiotherapy versus radiotherapy for carcinoma of the uterine cervix
Concomitant hyperthermia and radiation therapy for treating locally advanced rectal cancer
Concurrent chemoradiotherapy in non-small cell lung cancer
Condom effectiveness in reducing heterosexual HIV transmission
Condylocephalic nails versus extramedullary implants for extracapsular hip fractures
withdrawn
Conjugate vaccines for preventing Haemophilus influenzae type B infections
Conjugate vaccines for preventing meningococcal C meningitis and septicaemia
Conscious sedation and analgesia for oocyte retrieval during in vitro fertilisation procedures
Conservative interventions for treating distal radial fractures in adults
Conservative interventions for treating middle third clavicle fractures in adolescents and adults
Conservative management following closed reduction of traumatic anterior dislocation of the shoulder
Conservative management for postprostatectomy urinary incontinence
Conservative management of pelvic organ prolapse in women
Conservative management of symptomatic and/or complicated haemorrhoids in pregnancy and the puerperium
Conservative treatment for closed fifth (small finger) metacarpal neck fractures
Conservative treatments for whiplash
Conservative versus operative treatment for hip fractures in adults
Constraint-induced movement therapy for upper extremities in stroke patients
Constraint-induced movement therapy in the treatment of the upper limb in children with hemiplegic cerebral palsy
Containment strategies for people with serious mental illness
Continuing education meetings and workshops: effects on professional practice and health care outcomes
withdrawn
Continuity of caregivers for care during pregnancy and childbirth
Continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) versus hospital or home haemodialysis for end-stage renal disease in adults
Continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis versus automated peritoneal dialysis for end-stage renal disease
Continuous cardiotocography (CTG) as a form of electronic fetal monitoring (EFM) for fetal assessment during labour
Continuous distending pressure for respiratory distress in preterm infants
withdrawn
Continuous electronic heart rate monitoring for fetal assessment during labor
Continuous heparin infusion to prevent thrombosis and catheter occlusion in neonates with peripherally placed percutaneous central venous catheters
Continuous infusion versus bolus injection of loop diuretics in congestive heart failure
Continuous infusion versus intermittent bolus doses of indomethacin for patent ductus arteriosus closure in symptomatic preterm infants
Continuous infusion versus intermittent flushing to prevent loss of function of peripheral intravenous catheters used for drug administration in newborn infants
Continuous nasogastric milk feeding versus intermittent bolus milk feeding for premature infants less than 1500 grams
Continuous negative extrathoracic pressure or continuous positive airway pressure for acute hypoxemic respiratory failure in children
Updated
Continuous or extended cycle vs. cyclic use of combined hormonal contraceptives for contraception
Continuous passive motion following total knee arthroplasty in people with arthritis
Continuous positive airway pressure delivery interfaces for obstructive sleep apnoea
Continuous positive airway pressure versus theophylline for apnea in preterm infants
Continuous positive airways pressure for obstructive sleep apnoea in adults
New
Continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII) versus multiple insulin injections for type 1 diabetes mellitus
Continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion versus multiple daily injections of insulin for pregnant women with diabetes
Continuous support for women during childbirth
Continuous versus intermittent beta-agonists for acute asthma
Continuous versus interrupted sutures for repair of episiotomy or second degree tears
Contracts between patients and healthcare practitioners for improving patients' adherence to treatment, prevention and health promotion activities
Conventional chest physiotherapy compared to other airway clearance techniques for cystic fibrosis
Conventional occlusion versus pharmacologic penalization for amblyopia
Conventional versus LigaSure hemorrhoidectomy for patients with symptomatic Hemorrhoids
Cooling for newborns with hypoxic ischaemic encephalopathy
Cooling therapy for acute stroke
Copper containing, framed intra-uterine devices for contraception
Correction of chronic metabolic acidosis for chronic kidney disease patients
Corticosteroid injection for de Quervain's tenosynovitis
Corticosteroid injection for trigger finger in adults
Corticosteroid injections for shoulder pain
New
Corticosteroid regimens for treatment of acute and chronic graft versus host disease (GvHD) after allogenic stem cell transplantation
Corticosteroid therapy for nephrotic syndrome in children
Corticosteroids as adjuvant to antiviral treatment in Ramsay Hunt syndrome (herpes zoster oticus with facial palsy) in adults
Corticosteroids for acute bacterial meningitis
Corticosteroids for acute ischaemic stroke
Corticosteroids for acute severe asthma in hospitalised patients
Corticosteroids for acute traumatic brain injury
Corticosteroids for aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage and primary intracerebral haemorrhage
Corticosteroids for Bell's palsy (idiopathic facial paralysis)
Corticosteroids for cervical ripening and induction of labour
Corticosteroids for chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy
Corticosteroids for Guillain-Barré syndrome
withdrawn
Corticosteroids for HELLP syndrome in pregnancy
Corticosteroids for hospitalised children with acute asthma
Corticosteroids for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis
Corticosteroids for maintenance of remission in Crohn's disease
Corticosteroids for managing tuberculous meningitis
Corticosteroids for myasthenia gravis
Corticosteroids for preventing graft-versus-host disease after allogeneic myeloablative stem cell transplantation
Corticosteroids for preventing neonatal respiratory morbidity after elective caesarean section at term
Corticosteroids for preventing postherpetic neuralgia
Corticosteroids for preventing relapse following acute exacerbations of asthma
Corticosteroids for pulmonary sarcoidosis
Corticosteroids for the long-term treatment in multiple sclerosis
Corticosteroids for the prevention and treatment of post-extubation stridor in neonates, children and adults
Corticosteroids for the resolution of malignant bowel obstruction in advanced gynaecological and gastrointestinal cancer
Corticosteroids for treating dengue shock syndrome
Corticosteroids for treating hypotension in preterm infants
Corticosteroids for treating nerve damage in leprosy
Corticosteroids for treating optic neuritis
Corticosteroids for treating severe sepsis and septic shock
Corticosteroids for tuberculous pleurisy
Corticosteroids for viral myocarditis
Corticosteroids including ACTH for childhood epilepsy other than epileptic spasms
Corticosteroids or ACTH for acute exacerbations in multiple sclerosis
Cot-nursing versus incubator care for preterm infants
Cotrimoxazole for prophylaxis or treatment of opportunistic infections of HIV/AIDS in patients with previous history of hypersensitivity to cotrimoxazole
Cotrimoxazole prophylaxis for opportunistic infections in adults with HIV
Cotrimoxazole prophylaxis for opportunistic infections in children with HIV infection
Cow's milk protein avoidance and development of childhood wheeze in children with a family history of atopy
Cranberries for preventing urinary tract infections
Cranberries for treating urinary tract infections
Cranial irradiation for preventing brain metastases of small cell lung cancer in patients in complete remission
Creams for preventing stretch marks in pregnancy
Creatine for treating muscle disorders
Crisis intervention for people with severe mental illnesses
Critical incident audit and feedback to improve perinatal and maternal mortality and morbidity
Updated
Cromolyn sodium for the prevention of chronic lung disease in preterm infants
Cryoplasty for peripheral vascular disease
Cryotherapy for hepatocellular carcinoma
Cryotherapy for localised prostate cancer
Culturally appropriate health education for type 2 diabetes mellitus in ethnic minority groups
Culture-specific programs for children and adults from minority groups who have asthma
Cup feeding versus other forms of supplemental enteral feeding for newborn infants unable to fully breastfeed
Curative surgery for obstruction from primary left colorectal carcinoma: Primary or staged resection?
Custom-made foot orthoses for the treatment of foot pain
Cycle regimens for frozen-thawed embryo transfer
Cyclical progestogens for heavy menstrual bleeding
Cyclo-oxygenase (COX) inhibitors for treating preterm labour
Cyclobenzaprine for the treatment of myofascial pain in adults
Cyclofenil for Raynaud's phenomenon in progressive systemic sclerosis
Cyclophosphamide for multiple sclerosis
Cyclophosphamide for treating rheumatoid arthritis
Cyclophosphamide versus methylprednisolone for treating neuropsychiatric involvement in systemic lupus erythematosus
Cyclosporin A for primary biliary cirrhosis
Cyclosporin as an oral corticosteroid sparing agent in stable asthma
Cyclosporin versus tacrolimus for liver transplanted patients
Cyclosporine A for induction of remission in severe ulcerative colitis
Cyclosporine for induction of remission in Crohn's disease
Cyclosporine for treating rheumatoid arthritis
Cyproterone acetate for hirsutism
Updated
Cysteine, cystine or N-acetylcysteine supplementation in parenterally fed neonates
Cytidinediphosphocholine (CDP-choline) for cognitive and behavioural disturbances associated with chronic cerebral disorders in the elderly
withdrawn
Cytomegalovirus prophylaxis with antiviral agents for solid organ transplantation
Cytotoxic drugs and interferons for chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy
D-cycloserine for Alzheimer's disease
D-Penicillamine for preventing retinopathy of prematurity in preterm infants
D-penicillamine for primary biliary cirrhosis
D-penicillamine for primary sclerosing cholangitis
New
Damage control surgery for abdominal trauma
Dan Shen agents for acute ischaemic stroke
Danazol for heavy menstrual bleeding
Danazol for pelvic pain associated with endometriosis
Danazol for unexplained subfertility
Danazol for uterine fibroids
Dance therapy for schizophrenia
Danshen (Chinese medicinal herb) preparations for acute myocardial infarction
Dapsone as an oral corticosteroid sparing agent for asthma
Day care for pre-school children
Day care versus in-patient surgery for age-related cataract
Day centres for severe mental illness
Day hospital versus admission for acute psychiatric disorders
Day hospital versus outpatient care for people with schizophrenia
Day three versus day two embryo transfer following in vitro fertilization or intracytoplasmic sperm injection
Day-case versus overnight stay for laparoscopic cholecystectomy
Debridement for surgical wounds
Updated
Debridement of diabetic foot ulcers
Decision aids for people facing health treatment or screening decisions
Decompressive craniectomy for the treatment of refractory high intracranial pressure in traumatic brain injury
Decompressive surgery for treating nerve damage in leprosy
Decompressive surgery of lower limbs for symmetrical diabetic peripheral neuropathy
Decongestants and antihistamines for acute otitis media in children
Deep transverse friction massage for treating tendinitis
Deep versus shallow suction of endotracheal tubes in ventilated neonates and young infants
withdrawn
Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) supplementation for cognitive function
Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) supplementation for cognitive function in healthy elderly people
Dehydroepiandrosterone for systemic lupus erythematosus
Updated
Delayed antibiotics for respiratory infections
Delayed introduction of progressive enteral feeds to prevent necrotising enterocolitis in very low birth weight infants
Dengzhanhua preparations for acute cerebral infarction
Dental fillings for the treatment of caries in the primary dentition
Depot bromperidol decanoate for schizophrenia
Depot flupenthixol decanoate for schizophrenia or other similar psychotic disorders
Depot fluphenazine decanoate and enanthate for schizophrenia
Depot fluspirilene for schizophrenia
Depot haloperidol decanoate for schizophrenia
Depot medroxyprogesterone versus Norethisterone oenanthate for long-acting progestogenic contraception.
Depot perphenazine decanoate and enanthate for schizophrenia
Depot pipotiazine palmitate and undecylenate for schizophrenia
Depot risperidone for schizophrenia
Depot versus daily administration of gonadotrophin releasing hormone agonist protocols for pituitary desensitization in assisted reproduction cycles
Desferrioxamine mesylate for managing transfusional iron overload in people with transfusion-dependent thalassaemia
Desmopressin for nocturnal enuresis in children
Desmopressin use for minimising perioperative allogeneic blood transfusion
Detoxification treatments for opiate dependent adolescents
Developmental care for promoting development and preventing morbidity in preterm infants
Devices and pressure sources for administration of nasal continuous positive airway pressure (NCPAP) in preterm neonates
Deworming drugs for treating soil-transmitted intestinal worms in children: effects on growth and school performance
Deworming helminth co-infected individuals for delaying HIV disease progression
Diacerein for osteoarthritis
Diaphragm versus diaphragm with spermicides for contraception
Diazepam for treating tetanus
Diclofenac for acute pain in children
Diet or exercise, or both, for weight reduction in women after childbirth
Dietary advice for illness-related malnutrition in adults
Dietary advice for reducing cardiovascular risk
Dietary advice for the prevention of type 2 diabetes mellitus in adults
Dietary advice for treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus in adults
Dietary advice given by a dietitian versus other health professional or self-help resources to reduce blood cholesterol
Dietary advice in pregnancy for preventing gestational diabetes mellitus
Dietary calcium supplementation for preventing colorectal cancer and adenomatous polyps
Dietary exclusions for established atopic eczema
Dietary fibre for the prevention of colorectal adenomas and carcinomas
Dietary interventions for multiple sclerosis
Updated
Dietary interventions for phenylketonuria
Dietary interventions for recurrent abdominal pain (RAP) and irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) in childhood
Dietary interventions for rheumatoid arthritis
Dietary marine fatty acids (fish oil) for asthma in adults and children
withdrawn
Dietary regulation for 'gestational diabetes'
Dietary salt reduction or exclusion for allergic asthma
Updated
Dietary treatment for familial hypercholesterolaemia
Diethylcarbamazine (DEC)-medicated salt for community-based control of lymphatic filariasis
withdrawn
Dieting to reduce body weight for controlling hypertension in adults
Different anthracycline derivates for reducing cardiotoxicity in cancer patients
Different corticosteroids and regimens for accelerating fetal lung maturation for women at risk of preterm birth
Different dosage schedules for reducing cardiotoxicity in cancer patients receiving anthracycline chemotherapy
Different functional treatment strategies for acute lateral ankle ligament injuries in adults
Different methods of external fixation for treating distal radial fractures in adults
Digitalis for treatment of congestive heart failure in patients in sinus rhythm
Digoxin for preventing or treating neonatal respiratory distress syndrome
Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors for type 2 diabetes mellitus
Dipyridamole for preventing stroke and other vascular events in patients with vascular disease
Dipyrone for acute primary headaches
Direct versus indirect veneer restorations for intrinsic dental stains
Directly observed therapy for treating tuberculosis
Updated
Discharge planning from hospital to home
Disclosing to parents newborn carrier status identified by routine blood spot screening
Discontinuation of epidural analgesia late in labour for reducing the adverse delivery outcomes associated with epidural analgesia
Disease modifying anti-rheumatic drugs in people with cystic fibrosis-related arthritis
Disposable nappies for preventing napkin dermatitis in infants
Disposable surgical face masks for preventing surgical wound infection in clean surgery
Dissection versus diathermy for tonsillectomy
Distraction techniques for schizophrenia
New
Disulfiram for the treatment of cocaine dependence
Diuretic therapy for newborn infants with posthemorrhagic ventricular dilatation
Diuretics acting on the distal renal tubule for preterm infants with (or developing) chronic lung disease
Diuretics for heart failure
Diuretics for Ménière's disease or syndrome
Diuretics for preventing pre-eclampsia
Diuretics for respiratory distress syndrome in preterm infants
Domestic violence screening and intervention programmes for adults with dental or facial injury
Domiciliary oxygen for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Updated
Domiciliary oxygen for interstitial lung disease
Donepezil for dementia due to Alzheimer's disease
Donepezil for dementia in people with Down syndrome
Donepezil for mild cognitive impairment
Donepezil for vascular dementia
Dopamine agonist therapy in early Parkinson's disease
withdrawn
Dopamine agonists for cocaine dependence
Dopamine for prevention of morbidity and mortality in term newborn infants with suspected perinatal asphyxia
Dopamine versus dobutamine for hypotensive preterm infants
Updated
Dopamine versus no treatment to prevent renal dysfunction in indomethacin-treated preterm newborn infants
Dopaminergic agonists for hepatic encephalopathy
withdrawn
Doppler ultrasound for fetal assessment in high risk pregnancies
Dornase alfa for cystic fibrosis
Double bag or Y-set versus standard transfer systems for continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis in end-stage kidney disease
Double gloving to reduce surgical cross-infection
Double wall versus single wall incubator for reducing heat loss in very low birth weight infants in incubators
Doxapram for ventilatory failure due to exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Doxapram treatment for apnea in preterm infants
Doxapram versus methylxanthine for apnea in preterm infants
Doxorubicin-based chemotherapy for the palliative treatment of adult patients with locally advanced or metastatic soft tissue sarcoma
Doxycycline for osteoarthritis of the knee or hip
Drama therapy for schizophrenia or schizophrenia-like illnesses
Dressings and topical agents for arterial leg ulcers
Dressings and topical agents for surgical wounds healing by secondary intention
Dressings for healing venous leg ulcers
Dressings for superficial and partial thickness burns
Driving assessment for maintaining mobility and safety in drivers with dementia
Droperidol for acute psychosis
Drug management for acute tonic-clonic convulsions including convulsive status epilepticus in children
Drug therapies for reducing gastric acidity in people with cystic fibrosis
Drug therapy for anxiety in adult palliative care patients
Drug therapy for chronic idiopathic axonal polyneuropathy
Drug therapy for delirium in terminally ill adult patients
Drug therapy for obstructive sleep apnoea in adults
Drug therapy for pain in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis or motor neuron disease
Drug therapy for the management of cancer related fatigue
Drug treatment for facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy
Drug treatment for faecal incontinence in adults
Drug treatment for myotonia
Drug treatment for spinal muscular atrophy type I
Drug treatment for spinal muscular atrophy types II and III
Drugs for discoid lupus erythematosus
Drugs for nocturnal enuresis in children (other than desmopressin and tricyclics)
Drugs for preventing lung cancer in healthy people
Drugs for preventing malaria in pregnant women
Drugs for preventing malaria in travellers
Drugs for preventing migraine headaches in children
Drugs for preventing postoperative nausea and vomiting
Updated
Drugs for preventing red blood cell dehydration in people with sickle cell disease
Drugs for preventing tuberculosis in people at risk of multiple-drug-resistant pulmonary tuberculosis
withdrawn
Drugs for treating giardiasis
Drugs for treating paracoccidioidomycosis
Drugs for treating uncomplicated malaria in pregnant women
Drugs for treating urinary schistosomiasis
Drugs for treatment of very high blood pressure during pregnancy
Drugs improving insulin resistance for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and/or non-alcoholic steatohepatitis
Drugs versus placebo for dysthymia
Dual chamber versus single chamber ventricular pacemakers for sick sinus syndrome and atrioventricular block
Duloxetine for treating painful neuropathy or chronic pain
New
Duration of adjuvant chemotherapy for patients with non-metastatic colorectal cancer
Duration of antibacterial treatment for uncomplicated urinary tract infection in women
Duration of intravenous antibiotic therapy in people with cystic fibrosis
Duration of treatment for asymptomatic bacteriuria during pregnancy
Duration of treatment with vitamin K antagonists in symptomatic venous thromboembolism
Dynamic exercise programs (aerobic capacity and/or muscle strength training) in patients with rheumatoid arthritis
withdrawn
Dynamic exercise therapy for treating rheumatoid arthritis
Ear drops for the removal of ear wax
Early (< 8 days) postnatal corticosteroids for preventing chronic lung disease in preterm infants
Early administration of inhaled corticosteroids for preventing chronic lung disease in ventilated very low birth weight preterm neonates
withdrawn
Early amniocentesis versus transabdominal chorion villus sampling for prenatal diagnosis
Early amniotomy and early oxytocin for prevention of, or therapy for, delay in first stage spontaneous labour compared with routine care
Early compared with delayed oral fluids and food after caesarean section
Early developmental intervention programs post hospital discharge to prevent motor and cognitive impairments in preterm infants
Early discharge hospital at home
Early discharge with home support of gavage feeding for stable preterm infants who have not established full oral feeds
Early emergency department treatment of acute asthma with systemic corticosteroids
Early enteral nutrition within 24h of colorectal surgery versus later commencement of feeding for postoperative complications
Updated
Early erythropoietin for preventing red blood cell transfusion in preterm and/or low birth weight infants
Early extubation for adult cardiac surgical patients
Early Intervention for psychosis
Early intravenous nutrition for the prevention of neonatal jaundice
Early introduction of lipids to parenterally-fed preterm infants
Early invasive versus conservative strategies for unstable angina & non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction in the stent era
Early light reduction for preventing retinopathy of prematurity in very low birth weight infants
Early postnatal discharge from hospital for healthy mothers and term infants
Early skin-to-skin contact for mothers and their healthy newborn infants
Early surfactant administration with brief ventilation vs. selective surfactant and continued mechanical ventilation for preterm infants with or at risk for respiratory distress syndrome
Early trophic feeding for very low birth weight infants
Early umbilical cord clamping versus placental transfusion at delivery of preterm infants
Early use of inhaled corticosteroids in the emergency department treatment of acute asthma
Early versus deferred androgen suppression in the treatment of advanced prostatic cancer
Early versus deferred treatment for early stage multiple myeloma
Early versus delayed enteral nutrition support for burn injuries
Early versus delayed initiation of continuous distending pressure for respiratory distress syndrome in preterm infants
Early versus delayed laparoscopic cholecystectomy for acute cholecystitis
Early versus delayed laparoscopic cholecystectomy for biliary colic
Early versus delayed oral fluids and food for reducing complications after major abdominal gynaecologic surgery
Early versus delayed selective surfactant treatment for neonatal respiratory distress syndrome
Early versus late antiepileptic drug withdrawal for people with epilepsy in remission
Early versus Late Chest Radiotherapy in patients with limited stage small cell lung cancer
Early versus late discontinuation of oxygen in preterm or low birth weight infants
Updated
Early versus late erythropoietin for preventing red blood cell transfusion in preterm and/or low birth weight infants
Early volume expansion for prevention of morbidity and mortality in very preterm infants
Early volume expansion versus inotrope for prevention of morbidity and mortality in very preterm infants
Echinacea for preventing and treating the common cold
Editorial peer review for improving the quality of reports of biomedical studies
Updated
Education for contraceptive use by women after childbirth
Education interventions for adults who attend the emergency room for acute asthma
Education of children and adolescents for the prevention of dog bite injuries
Educational games for health professionals
Educational games for mental health professionals
Educational interventions for asthma in children
Educational interventions for the prevention of eye injuries
Educational outreach visits: effects on professional practice and health care outcomes
Educational, supportive and behavioural interventions to improve usage of continuous positive airway pressure machines for adults with obstructive sleep apnoea
Effect of administration of antihelminthics for soil transmitted helminths during pregnancy
withdrawn
Effect of antihypertensive drugs on mortality, morbidity and blood pressure in blacks
New
Effect of cyclosporine on blood pressure
Effect of early treatment with anti-hypertensive drugs on short and long-term mortality in patients with an acute cardiovascular event
Effect of longer-term modest salt reduction on blood pressure
Effect of outpatient pharmacists' non-dispensing roles on patient outcomes and prescribing patterns
Effect of partogram use on outcomes for women in spontaneous labour at term
Effect of taurine supplementation on growth and development in preterm or low birth weight infants
Effect of the treatment of Type II diabetes mellitus on the development of cognitive impairment and dementia
Effect of timing of umbilical cord clamping of term infants on maternal and neonatal outcomes
Effectiveness and cost effectiveness of counselling in primary care
Effectiveness of brief alcohol interventions in primary care populations
Effectiveness of intermediate care in nursing-led in-patient units
Effectiveness of shared care across the interface between primary and specialty care in chronic disease management
Effectiveness of vocational rehabilitation intervention on the return to work and employment of persons with multiple sclerosis.
Effects and safety of preventive oral iron or iron+folic acid supplementation for women during pregnancy
Effects of changes in the pre-licensure education of health workers on health-worker supply
Effects of glucocorticoids on radiological progression in rheumatoid arthritis
Effects of interventions aimed at changing the length of primary care physicians' consultation
Effects of low sodium diet versus high sodium diet on blood pressure, renin, aldosterone, catecholamines, cholesterols, and triglyceride
Effects of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs on postoperative renal function in adults with normal renal function
Effects of restricted caffeine intake by mother on fetal, neonatal and pregnancy outcome
Efficacy and safety of cesarean delivery for prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV-1
Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA, an omega-3 fatty acid from fish oils) for the treatment of cancer cachexia
Elastic compression stockings for prevention of deep vein thrombosis
Elective caesarean section versus expectant management for delivery of the small baby
Elective delivery in diabetic pregnant women
Updated
Elective delivery of women with a twin pregnancy from 37 weeks' gestation
Elective high frequency jet ventilation versus conventional ventilation for respiratory distress syndrome in preterm infants
Elective high frequency oscillatory ventilation versus conventional ventilation for acute pulmonary dysfunction in preterm infants
Elective repeat caesarean section versus induction of labour for women with a previous caesarean birth
Elective surgery for benign liver tumours
Elective versus symptomatic intravenous antibiotic therapy for cystic fibrosis
Electrical cardioversion for atrial fibrillation and flutter
Electrical stimulation for faecal incontinence in adults
Electrical stimulation for preventing and treating post-stroke shoulder pain
Electrical stimulation for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis
Electroconvulsive therapy for schizophrenia
Electroconvulsive therapy for the depressed elderly
Electromagnetic fields for the treatment of osteoarthritis
Electromagnetic therapy for treating pressure ulcers
Electromagnetic therapy for treating venous leg ulcers
Electromechanical and robot-assisted arm training for improving arm function and activities of daily living after stroke
Electromechanical-assisted training for walking after stroke
Electronic mosquito repellents for preventing mosquito bites and malaria infection
Electronic retrieval of health information by healthcare providers to improve practice and patient care
Electropalatography for articulation disorders associated with cleft palate
Electrostimulation for promoting recovery of movement or functional ability after stroke
Electrotherapy for neck pain
Elemene for the treatment of lung cancer
withdrawn
Eletriptan for acute migraine
Embryo freezing for preventing ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome
Emergency interventions for hyperkalaemia
Emergency intubation for acutely ill and injured patients
Emergency sclerotherapy versus vasoactive drugs for bleeding oesophageal varices in cirrhotic patients
Emergency ultrasound-based algorithms for diagnosing blunt abdominal trauma
EMG biofeedback for the recovery of motor function after stroke
EMLA and Amethocaine for reduction of children's pain associated with needle insertion
Empiric antibiotic coverage of atypical pathogens for community acquired pneumonia in hospitalized adults
Enamel matrix derivative (Emdogain®) for periodontal tissue regeneration in intrabony defects
New
End-of-life care pathways for improving outcomes in caring for the dying
New
Endometrial preparation for women undergoing embryo transfer with frozen embryos or embryos derived from donor oocytes
Endometrial resection / ablation techniques for heavy menstrual bleeding
Endometrial resection and ablation versus hysterectomy for heavy menstrual bleeding
Endoscopic balloon sphincter dilation (sphincteroplasty) versus sphincterotomy for common bile duct stones
Endoscopic mucosal resection for early gastric cancer
Endoscopic pneumatic dilation versus botulinum toxin injection in the management of primary achalasia
Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreaticography with or without stenting in patients with pancreaticobiliary malignancy, prior to surgery
Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography in gallstone-associated acute pancreatitis
Endothelin receptor antagonists for pulmonary arterial hypertension
Endotracheal intubation at birth for preventing morbidity and mortality in vigorous, meconium-stained infants born at term
Endovascular coiling versus neurosurgical clipping for patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage
Updated
Endovascular stents for intermittent claudication
Endovascular treatment for ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm
Enemas during labour
Energy and protein intake in pregnancy
withdrawn
Energy/protein restriction for high weight-for-height or weight gain during pregnancy
Enhancing partner support to improve smoking cessation
Enteral antibiotics for preventing necrotizing enterocolitis in low birthweight or preterm infants
Enteral nutrition for maintenance of remission in Crohn's disease
Enteral nutritional therapy for induction of remission in Crohn's disease
Enteral tube feeding for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis/motor neuron disease
Enteral tube feeding for cystic fibrosis
Enteral tube feeding for older people with advanced dementia
Enteral versus parenteral nutrition for acute pancreatitis
Environmental sanitary interventions for preventing active trachoma
Epidural analgesia for pain relief following hip or knee replacement
Updated
Epidural blood patching for preventing and treating post-dural puncture headache
Epidural local anaesthetics versus opioid-based analgesic regimens for postoperative gastrointestinal paralysis, PONV and pain after abdominal surgery
Epidural pain relief versus systemic opioid-based pain relief for abdominal aortic surgery
Epidural versus non-epidural or no analgesia in labour
withdrawn
Epilepsy clinics versus general neurology or medical clinics
Epinephrine for bronchiolitis
Epinephrine for the resuscitation of apparently stillborn or extremely bradycardic newborn infants
Epinephrine injection versus epinephrine injection and a second endoscopic method in high risk bleeding ulcers
Episiotomy for vaginal birth
Eradication of Helicobacter pylori for non-ulcer dyspepsia
Eradication therapy for peptic ulcer disease in Helicobacter pylori positive patients
withdrawn
Ergonomic and physiotherapeutic interventions for treating work-related complaints of the arm, neck or shoulder in adults
Erythromycin for the prevention and treatment of feeding intolerance in preterm infants
Erythromycin for the prevention of chronic lung disease in intubated preterm infants at risk for, or colonized or infected with Ureaplasma urealyticum
New
Erythropoiesis-stimulating agents for anaemia in chronic heart failure patients
Erythropoietin as an adjuvant treatment with (chemo) radiation therapy for head and neck cancer
Erythropoietin or Darbepoetin for patients with cancer
Erythropoietin or Darbepoetin for patients with cancer - meta-analysis based on individual patient data
Escitalopram versus other antidepressive agents for depression
Estrogen for schizophrenia
Etanercept for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis.
New
Ethamsylate for the prevention of morbidity and mortality in preterm or very low birth weight infants
Ethosuximide, sodium valproate or lamotrigine for absence seizures in children and adolescents
Etidronate for the primary and secondary prevention of osteoporotic fractures in postmenopausal women
Eversion versus conventional carotid endarterectomy for preventing stroke
Excisional surgery versus ablative surgery for ovarian endometriomata
Excitatory amino acid antagonists for acute stroke
Excitatory amino acid inhibitors for traumatic brain injury
Exercise based rehabilitation for heart failure
Exercise for acutely hospitalised older medical patients
Exercise for depression
Exercise for diabetic pregnant women
Exercise for improving balance in older people
Exercise for intermittent claudication
Exercise for osteoarthritis of the hip
Exercise for osteoarthritis of the knee
Exercise for overweight or obesity
Exercise for people with peripheral neuropathy
Exercise for preventing and treating osteoporosis in postmenopausal women
Exercise for the management of cancer-related fatigue in adults
Exercise for treating anterior cruciate ligament injuries in combination with collateral ligament and meniscal damage of the knee in adults
Exercise for treating fibromyalgia syndrome
Exercise for treating isolated anterior cruciate ligament injuries in adults
Exercise for type 2 diabetes mellitus
Exercise for vasomotor menopausal symptoms
Exercise for women receiving adjuvant therapy for breast cancer
Exercise in prevention and treatment of anxiety and depression among children and young people
Exercise interventions for smoking cessation
Exercise or exercise and diet for preventing type 2 diabetes mellitus
Exercise or other physical activity for preventing pre-eclampsia and its complications
Exercise therapy for chronic fatigue syndrome
Exercise therapy for multiple sclerosis
Exercise therapy for patellofemoral pain syndrome
Exercise therapy for treatment of non-specific low back pain
Exercise therapy in juvenile idiopathic arthritis
Exercise to improve self-esteem in children and young people
Exercise-based rehabilitation for coronary heart disease
Exercises for mechanical neck disorders
New
Exercises for prevention of recurrences of low-back pain
Expectant care versus surgical treatment for miscarriage
Expedited versus conservative approaches for vaginal delivery in breech presentation
Extended versus limited lymph nodes dissection technique for adenocarcinoma of the stomach
External cephalic version for breech presentation at term
External cephalic version for breech presentation before term
External fixation versus conservative treatment for distal radial fractures in adults
Extra-abdominal versus intra-abdominal repair of the uterine incision at caesarean section
Extra-amniotic prostaglandin for induction of labour
Extra-corporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) versus ureteroscopic management for ureteric calculi
Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation for severe respiratory failure in newborn infants
Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) versus percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) or retrograde intrarenal surgery (RIRS) for kidney stones
Extraction of primary (baby) teeth for unerupted palatally displaced permanent canine teeth in children
Extramedullary fixation implants and external fixators for extracapsular hip fractures in adults
Extubation from low-rate intermittent positive airway pressure versus extubation after a trial of endotracheal continuous positive airway pressure in intubated preterm infants
Face washing promotion for preventing active trachoma
Family and carer smoking control programmes for reducing children's exposure to environmental tobacco smoke
Family and parenting interventions in children and adolescents with conduct disorder and delinquency aged 10-17
Family intervention for schizophrenia
Family interventions for bipolar disorder
Family support for reducing morbidity and mortality in people with HIV/AIDS
Family therapy for asthma in children
Family therapy for attention-deficit disorder or attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in children and adolescents
Family therapy for depression
Family-based programmes for preventing smoking by children and adolescents
Family-centred care for children in hospital
Fat supplementation of human milk for promoting growth in preterm infants
Feather versus non-feather bedding for asthma
Feed thickener for newborn infants with gastro-oesophageal reflux
Feeding interventions for growth and development in infants with cleft lip, cleft palate or cleft lip and palate
Updated
Fertility awareness-based methods for contraception
New
Fetal and umbilical Doppler ultrasound in high-risk pregnancies
Fetal and umbilical Doppler ultrasound in normal pregnancy
Fetal electrocardiogram (ECG) for fetal monitoring during labour
Fetal fibronectin testing for reducing the risk of preterm birth
Fetal manipulation for facilitating tests of fetal wellbeing
Fetal movement counting for assessment of fetal wellbeing
Fetal pulse oximetry for fetal assessment in labour
Fetal vibroacoustic stimulation for facilitation of tests of fetal wellbeing
Feverfew for preventing migraine
Fibreoptic phototherapy for neonatal jaundice
Fibrin sealant use for minimising peri-operative allogeneic blood transfusion
Fibrinogen depleting agents for acute ischaemic stroke
Fibrinolytic therapy for intraventricular hemorrhage in adults
Financial benefits for child health and well-being in low income or socially disadvantaged families in developed world countries
First line chemotherapy in low risk gestational trophoblastic neoplasia
First-line drugs for hypertension
Fish oil for induction of remission in ulcerative colitis
Fish oil for kidney transplant recipients
Fitness training for cardiorespiratory conditioning after traumatic brain injury
Fixed dose subcutaneous low molecular weight heparins versus adjusted dose unfractionated heparin for venous thromboembolism
Fluid and pharmacological agents for adhesion prevention after gynaecological surgery
Fluid replacement therapy for acute episodes of pain in people with sickle cell disease
Fluid restriction for term infants with hypoxic-ischaemic encephalopathy following perinatal asphyxia
Fluid therapy for acute bacterial meningitis
Fluids and diuretics for acute ureteric colic
Fluoridated milk for preventing dental caries
Fluoride for treating postmenopausal osteoporosis
Fluoride gels for preventing dental caries in children and adolescents
Fluoride mouthrinses for preventing dental caries in children and adolescents
Fluoride toothpastes for preventing dental caries in children and adolescents
New
Fluoride toothpastes of different concentrations for preventing dental caries in children and adolescents
Fluoride varnishes for preventing dental caries in children and adolescents
Fluorides for the prevention of white spots on teeth during fixed brace treatment
Fluoropyrimidine-HAI (hepatic arterial infusion) versus systemic chemotherapy (SCT) for unresectable liver metastases from colorectal cancer
Fluoroquinolones for treating tuberculosis
Fluoroquinolones for treating typhoid and paratyphoid fever (enteric fever)
Fluoxetine versus other types of pharmacotherapy for depression
Fluticasone at different doses for chronic asthma in adults and children
Fluticasone versus beclomethasone or budesonide for chronic asthma in adults and children
Fluticasone versus 'extrafine' HFA-beclomethasone dipropionate for chronic asthma in adults and children
Fluticasone versus placebo for chronic asthma in adults and children
Folate for depressive disorders
withdrawn
Folate supplementation in pregnancy
Folic acid and folinic acid for reducing side effects in patients receiving methotrexate for rheumatoid arthritis
Folic acid with or without vitamin B12 for the prevention and treatment of healthy elderly and demented people
withdrawn
Follicle-stimulating hormone and human menopausal gonadotropin for ovarian stimulation in assisted reproduction cycles
Follow-up strategies for patients treated for non-metastatic colorectal cancer
Follow-up strategies for women treated for early breast cancer
Force platform feedback for standing balance training after stroke
Formula milk versus donor breast milk for feeding preterm or low birth weight infants
Formula milk versus maternal breast milk for feeding preterm or low birth weight infants
Formulas containing hydrolysed protein for prevention of allergy and food intolerance in infants
Fraction size in radiation treatment for breast conservation in early breast cancer
Frameless versus classical intrauterine device for contraception
Frequency of administration of recombinant human erythropoietin for anaemia of end-stage renal disease in dialysis patients
Full publication of results initially presented in abstracts
Full-mouth disinfection for the treatment of adult chronic periodontitis
Fully intermittent dosing with drugs for treating tuberculosis in adults
Functional endoscopic sinus surgery for chronic rhinosinusitis
Fundal pressure during the second stage of labour
Fundal pressure versus controlled cord traction as part of the active management of the third stage of labour
Fundoplication versus post-operative medication for gastro-oesophageal reflux in children with neurological impairment undergoing gastrostomy
Furosemide for prevention of morbidity in indomethacin-treated infants with patent ductus arteriosus
Furosemide for transient tachypnea of the newborn
G-CSF and GM-CSF for treating or preventing neonatal infections
Gabapentin add-on for drug-resistant partial epilepsy
Gabapentin for acute and chronic pain
Galactomannan detection for invasive aspergillosis in immunocompromized patients
Galantamine for Alzheimer's disease and mild cognitive impairment
Galantamine for dementia in people with Down syndrome
Galantamine for vascular cognitive impairment
Gamma and other cephalocondylic intramedullary nails versus extramedullary implants for extracapsular hip fractures in adults
Gamma-aminobutyric acid agonists for neuroleptic-induced tardive dyskinesia
Gangliosides for acute ischaemic stroke
Gangliosides for acute spinal cord injury
Garlic for peripheral arterial occlusive disease
Garlic for preventing pre-eclampsia and its complications
Garlic for the common cold
Gastro-oesophageal reflux treatment for asthma in adults and children
Gastro-oesophageal reflux treatment for prolonged non-specific cough in children and adults
Gastrostomy feeding versus oral feeding alone for children with cerebral palsy
Gauze and tape and transparent polyurethane dressings for central venous catheters
Ginkgo biloba extract for age-related macular degeneration
Ginkgo biloba for acute ischaemic stroke
Ginkgo biloba for cognitive impairment and dementia
Ginkgo biloba for intermittent claudication
Ginkgo biloba for tinnitus
Giving women their own case notes to carry during pregnancy
Glucocorticoid corticosteroids for Duchenne muscular dystrophy
Glucocorticoids for acute viral bronchiolitis in infants and young children
Glucocorticoids for croup
Glucocorticosteroids for primary biliary cirrhosis
Updated
Glucocorticosteroids for primary sclerosing cholangitis
Glucocorticosteroids for viral hepatitis C
Glucosamine therapy for treating osteoarthritis
Glucose-based rehydration solution (ORS) for treating dehydration caused by acute diarrhoea in children
Glutamatergic drugs for schizophrenia
Glutamine supplementation for young infants with severe gastrointestinal disease
Glutamine supplementation to prevent morbidity and mortality in preterm infants
Gluten- and casein-free diets for autistic spectrum disorder
Glycerol for acute stroke
Glycoprotein IIb-IIIa inhibitors for acute ischaemic stroke
Gold as an oral corticosteroid sparing agent in stable asthma
New
Golimumab for rheumatoid arthritis
Gonadotrophin therapy for ovulation induction in subfertility associated with polycystic ovary syndrome
withdrawn
Gonadotrophin-releasing hormone agonist protocols for pituitary desensitization in in vitro fertilization and gamete intrafallopian transfer cycles
withdrawn
Gonadotrophin-releasing hormone analogue as an adjunct to gonadotropin therapy for clomiphene-resistant polycystic ovarian syndrome
Gonadotrophin-releasing hormone analogues for endometriosis: bone mineral density
Gonadotrophin-releasing hormone analogues for pain associated with endometriosis
Gonadotrophin-releasing hormone antagonists for assisted conception
Gonadotrophins for idiopathic male factor subfertility
Gowning by attendants and visitors in newborn nurseries for prevention of neonatal morbidity and mortality
Gradual versus abrupt discontinuation of oxygen in preterm or low birth weight infants
Graduated driver licensing for reducing motor vehicle crashes among young drivers
Graft type for femoro-popliteal bypass surgery
Granulocyte transfusions for neonates with confirmed or suspected sepsis and neutropaenia
Granulocyte transfusions for preventing infections in patients with neutropenia or neutrophil dysfunction
Granulocyte transfusions for treating infections in patients with neutropenia or neutrophil dysfunction
Granulocyte-Colony Stimulating Factor (G-CSF) as an adjunct to antibiotics in the treatment of pneumonia in adults
Granulocyte-colony stimulating factors as adjunctive therapy for diabetic foot infections
Granulopoiesis-stimulating factors to prevent adverse effects in the treatment of malignant lymphoma
Green tea (Camellia sinensis) for the prevention of cancer
Grey literature in meta-analyses of randomized trials of health care interventions
Grommets (ventilation tubes) for hearing loss associated with otitis media with effusion in children
Grommets (ventilation tubes) for recurrent acute otitis media in children
Group based training for self-management strategies in people with type 2 diabetes mellitus
Group behaviour therapy programmes for smoking cessation
Group-based parent-training programmes for improving emotional and behavioural adjustment in 0-3 year old children
Growth hormone for children with chronic kidney disease
Growth hormone for in vitro fertilization
Growth monitoring in children
Guided tissue regeneration for periodontal infra-bony defects
Guideline Dissemination and Implementation Strategies for Nursing and Allied Health Professions
H1-antihistamines for the treatment of anaphylaxis with and without shock
Updated
Habit retraining for the management of urinary incontinence in adults
Haemodiafiltration, haemofiltration and haemodialysis for end-stage kidney disease
Haemodilution for acute ischaemic stroke
Haemoglobin and haematocrit targets for the anaemia of chronic kidney disease
Haemophilus influenzae oral whole cell vaccination for preventing acute exacerbations of chronic bronchitis
Haemostatic drug therapies for acute spontaneous intracerebral haemorrhage
New
Haemostatic drugs for traumatic brain injury
Haloperidol alone or in combination for acute mania
Haloperidol dose for the acute phase of schizophrenia
Haloperidol for agitation in dementia
Haloperidol for the treatment of nausea and vomiting in palliative care patients
Haloperidol plus promethazine for psychosis-induced aggression
Haloperidol versus chlorpromazine for schizophrenia
Haloperidol versus placebo for schizophrenia
Hand and ultrasonic instrumentation for orthograde root canal treatment of permanent teeth
Hand washing for preventing diarrhoea
Hands and knees posture in late pregnancy or labour for fetal malposition (lateral or posterior)
Handsearching versus electronic searching to identify reports of randomized trials
Hawthorn extract for treating chronic heart failure
Updated
Healing by primary versus secondary intention after surgical treatment for pilonidal sinus
Healthcare financing systems for increasing the use of tobacco dependence treatment
Heated, humidified air for the common cold
Helicobacter pylori eradication therapy vs. antisecretory non-eradication therapy (with or without long-term maintenance antisecretory therapy) for the prevention of recurrent bleeding from peptic ulcer
Updated
Heliox for non-intubated acute asthma patients
Heliox for treatment of exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Helmets for preventing head and facial injuries in bicyclists
Helmets for preventing injury in motorcycle riders
Updated
Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for children with sickle cell disease
Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for Gaucher disease
Heparin for pregnant women with acquired or inherited thrombophilias
Heparin for prolonging peripheral intravenous catheter use in neonates
withdrawn
Heparin for the prevention of venous thromboembolism in general medical patients (excluding stroke and myocardial infarction)
Heparin versus placebo for acute coronary syndromes
Heparin, low molecular weight heparin and physical methods for preventing deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism following surgery for hip fractures
Heparin-bonded catheters for prolonging the patency of central venous catheters in children
Heparins and mechanical methods for thromboprophylaxis in colorectal surgery
Hepatic artery adjuvant chemotherapy for patients having resection or ablation of colorectal cancer metastatic to the liver
Hepatitis B immunisation for newborn infants of hepatitis B surface antigen-positive mothers
Hepatitis B immunisation in persons not previously exposed to hepatitis B or with unknown exposure status
Hepatitis B vaccination for patients with chronic renal failure
Herbal and dietary therapies for dysmenorrhoea
Herbal interventions for chronic asthma in adults and children
Herbal medicine for low back pain
Herbal medicines for treating HIV infection and AIDS
Herbal medicines for treatment of irritable bowel syndrome
Herbal medicines for viral myocarditis
Herbal preparations for uterine fibroids
Herbal therapy for treating osteoarthritis
Herbal therapy for treating rheumatoid arthritis
Heroin maintenance for chronic heroin dependents
High dose chemotherapy and autologous bone marrow or stem cell transplantation versus conventional chemotherapy for women with early poor prognosis breast cancer
High dose chemotherapy and autologous bone marrow or stem cell transplantation versus conventional chemotherapy for women with metastatic breast cancer
High dose versus low dose inhaled corticosteroid as initial starting dose for asthma in adults and children
High first dose quinine regimen for treating severe malaria
High frequency oscillatory ventilation versus conventional ventilation for infants with severe pulmonary dysfunction born at or near term
withdrawn
High protein supplementation in pregnancy
High versus low dose of initial thyroid hormone replacement for congenital hypothyroidism
High versus low medium chain triglyceride content of formula for promoting short-term growth of preterm infants
High-dose chemotherapy with autologous stem cell transplantation in the first line treatment of aggressive Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma (NHL) in adults
High-frequency ventilation versus conventional ventilation for treatment of acute lung injury and acute respiratory distress syndrome
Higher versus lower protein intake in formula-fed low birth weight infants
Hip protectors for preventing hip fractures in older people
HMG CoA reductase inhibitors (statins) for dialysis patients
HMG CoA reductase inhibitors (statins) for kidney transplant recipients
HMG CoA reductase inhibitors (statins) for people with chronic kidney disease not requiring dialysis
Holding chambers (spacers) versus nebulisers for beta-agonist treatment of acute asthma
Holding chambers versus nebulisers for inhaled steroids in chronic asthma
Home care by outreach nursing for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Home intravenous antibiotics for cystic fibrosis
Home safety education and provision of safety equipment for injury prevention
Home versus center based physical activity programs in older adults
Home versus hospital birth
Home versus in-patient treatment for deep vein thrombosis
Home visits during pregnancy and after birth for women with an alcohol or drug problem
New
Home-based care for reducing morbidity and mortality in people infected with HIV/AIDS
Home-based chemically-induced whitening of teeth in adults
withdrawn
Home-based HIV voluntary counseling and testing in developing countries
withdrawn
Home-based social support for socially disadvantaged mothers
withdrawn
Home-based support for disadvantaged adult mothers
withdrawn
Home-based support for disadvantaged teenage mothers
New
Home-based versus centre-based cardiac rehabilitation
Homeopathic medicines for adverse effects of cancer treatments
Homeopathy for attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder or hyperkinetic disorder
Homeopathy for chronic asthma
Homeopathy for dementia
Homocysteine lowering interventions for peripheral arterial disease and bypass grafts
Homocysteine lowering interventions for preventing cardiovascular events
Homoeopathic Oscillococcinum for preventing and treating influenza and influenza-like syndromes
Homoeopathy for induction of labour
Honey and lozenges for children with non-specific cough
Honey as a topical treatment for wounds
New
Honey for acute cough in children
Hormonal versus non-hormonal contraceptives in women with diabetes mellitus type 1 and 2
Hormone replacement therapy for cognitive function in postmenopausal women
Hormone replacement therapy for preventing cardiovascular disease in post-menopausal women
Hormone replacement therapy to maintain cognitive function in women with dementia
Hormone therapy for endometriosis and surgical menopause
Hormone therapy in postmenopausal women and risk of endometrial hyperplasia
Hormones for suspected impaired fetal growth
Horse chestnut seed extract for chronic venous insufficiency
Hospital at home for acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Hospitalisation and bed rest for multiple pregnancy
House dust mite avoidance measures for perennial allergic rhinitis
House dust mite control measures for asthma
Household interventions for prevention of domestic lead exposure in children
Human albumin solution for resuscitation and volume expansion in critically ill patients
withdrawn
Human chorionic gonadotrophin for recurrent miscarriage
'Human' insulin versus animal insulin in people with diabetes mellitus
Human menopausal gonadotropin versus recombinant follicle stimulation hormone for ovarian stimulation in assisted reproductive cycles
Human recombinant activated factor VII for upper gastrointestinal bleeding in patients with liver diseases
Human recombinant activated protein C for severe sepsis
Humanized antibody to the alpha4beta7 integrin for induction of remission in ulcerative colitis
Humidified air inhalation for treating croup
Humidity control for chronic asthma
Huperzine A for Alzheimer's disease
Huperzine A for vascular dementia
Hyaluronate for temporomandibular joint disorders
Hyaluronidase for cervical ripening and induction of labour
Hydergine for dementia
Hydration for treatment of preterm labour
Hydromorphone for acute and chronic pain
New
Hydroxyethyl starch (HES) versus other fluid therapies: effects on kidney function
Hydroxyurea for sickle cell disease
Hyperbaric oxygen as an adjuvant treatment for malignant otitis externa
Hyperbaric oxygen for carbon monoxide poisoning
Updated
Hyperbaric oxygen for idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss and tinnitus
Hyperbaric oxygen therapy for acute coronary syndrome
Hyperbaric oxygen therapy for acute ischaemic stroke
Hyperbaric oxygen therapy for chronic wounds
Hyperbaric oxygen therapy for delayed onset muscle soreness and closed soft tissue injury
Hyperbaric oxygen therapy for late radiation tissue injury
Hyperbaric oxygen therapy for multiple sclerosis
Hyperbaric oxygen therapy for promoting fracture healing and treating fracture non-union
Hyperbaric oxygen therapy for the adjunctive treatment of traumatic brain injury
Hyperbaric oxygen therapy for thermal burns
Hyperbaric oxygenation for tumour sensitisation to radiotherapy
New
Hypertonic saline for peri-operative fluid management
Hypertonic versus near isotonic crystalloid for fluid resuscitation in critically ill patients
Hyperventilation therapy for acute traumatic brain injury
Hypnosis for schizophrenia
Hypnotherapy for smoking cessation
Hypnotherapy for treatment of irritable bowel syndrome
Hypothermia for neuroprotection in adults after cardiopulmonary resuscitation
Hypothermia for traumatic head injury
Hypothermia to reduce neurological damage following coronary artery bypass surgery
Hypotonic vs isotonic saline solutions for intravenous fluid management of acute infections
Hysterectomy versus hysterectomy plus oophorectomy for premenopausal women
Ibuprofen for Alzheimer's disease
Ibuprofen for the prevention of patent ductus arteriosus in preterm and/or low birth weight infants
Ibuprofen for the treatment of patent ductus arteriosus in preterm and/or low birth weight infants
Updated
Identification of children in the first four years of life for early treatment for otitis media with effusion
Ileostomy or colostomy for temporary decompression of colorectal anastomosis
Iloprost and cisaprost for Raynaud's phenomenon in progressive systemic sclerosis
Image-guided percutaneous procedure plus metronidazole versus metronidazole alone for uncomplicated amoebic liver abscess
Immediate post-partum insertion of intrauterine devices
Immediate postabortal insertion of intrauterine devices
Immediate start of hormonal contraceptives for contraception
Immediate versus deferred zidovudine (AZT) in asymptomatic or mildly symptomatic HIV infected adults
New
Immediate-release versus controlled-release carbamazepine in the treatment of epilepsy
Immersion in water in labour and birth
Immobilisation and functional treatment for acute lateral ankle ligament injuries in adults
withdrawn
Immunoglobulin for preventing respiratory syncytial virus infection
Immunoglobulin infusion for isoimmune haemolytic jaundice in neonates
Immunoglobulin prophylaxis in hematological malignancies and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation
Immunoglobulin treatment for respiratory syncytial virus infection
Immunoglobulins for preventing hepatitis A
Immunoglobulins, vaccines or interferon for preventing cytomegalovirus disease in solid organ transplant recipients
Immunomodulatory agents for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis
Immunostimulants for preventing respiratory tract infection in children
Immunosuppressant and immunomodulatory treatment for dermatomyositis and polymyositis
Immunosuppressant and immunomodulatory treatments for multifocal motor neuropathy
Immunosuppressive agents for myasthenia gravis
Immunosuppressive agents for treating IgA nephropathy
Immunosuppressive and cytotoxic therapy for pulmonary sarcoidosis
Immunosuppressive treatment for focal segmental glomerulosclerosis in adults
Immunosuppressive treatment for idiopathic membranous nephropathy in adults with nephrotic syndrome
Updated
Immunosuppressive treatment for non-systemic vasculitic neuropathy
Immunotherapy for advanced renal cell cancer
Immunotherapy for diabetic amyotrophy
Immunotherapy for IgM anti-myelin-associated glycoprotein paraprotein-associated peripheral neuropathies
Immunotherapy for recurrent miscarriage
Impact of tobacco advertising and promotion on increasing adolescent smoking behaviours
Impact of tuberculosis preventive therapy on tuberculosis and mortality in HIV-infected children
In vitro fertilisation for unexplained subfertility
Updated
In vitro fertilisation versus tubal reanastomosis (sterilisation reversal) for subfertility after tubal sterilisation
In vitro maturation in sub fertile women with polycystic ovarian syndrome undergoing assisted reproduction
In-hospital care pathways for stroke
Incentive spirometry for preventing pulmonary complications after coronary artery bypass graft
Incentive spirometry for prevention of postoperative pulmonary complications in upper abdominal surgery
Incentives and disincentives to participation by clinicians in randomised controlled trials
Increased energy intake for preterm infants with (or developing) bronchopulmonary dysplasia/chronic lung disease
Increased police patrols for preventing alcohol-impaired driving
Independent living programmes for improving outcomes for young people leaving the care system
Indigenous healthcare worker involvement for Indigenous adults and children with asthma
Individual and group-based parenting programmes for improving psychosocial outcomes for teenage parents and their children
Individual and group-based parenting programmes for the treatment of physical child abuse and neglect
Individual behavioural counselling for smoking cessation
Individual or group antenatal education for childbirth or parenthood, or both
Individual patient education for low back pain
Individual patient education for people with type 2 diabetes mellitus
Individual psychodynamic psychotherapy and psychoanalysis for schizophrenia and severe mental illness
Individual psychotherapy in the outpatient treatment of adults with anorexia nervosa
Indomethacin for Alzheimer's disease
Indomethacin for asymptomatic patent ductus arteriosus in preterm infants
Indoor air modification interventions for prolonged non-specific cough in children
Induction of labour for improving birth outcomes for women at or beyond term
Induction of labour for suspected fetal macrosomia
Infant position in neonates receiving mechanical ventilation
Updated
Infection control strategies for preventing the transmission of meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in nursing homes for older people
Infliximab for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis
Influenza vaccination for healthcare workers who work with the elderly
Influenza vaccination in children being treated with chemotherapy for cancer
Influenza vaccine for children and adults with bronchiectasis
Influenza vaccine for patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Influenza vaccines for preventing coronary heart disease
Information for pregnant women about caesarean birth
Information provision for stroke patients and their caregivers
Infusion techniques for peripheral arterial thrombolysis
Inhaled and oral corticosteroids as maintenance and intermittent therapy for episodic viral wheeze in children
Inhaled antibiotics for long-term therapy in cystic fibrosis
Updated
Inhaled beta2-agonists for asthma in mechanically ventilated patients
Inhaled beta2-agonists for non-specific chronic cough in children
Inhaled bronchodilators for acute chest syndrome in people with sickle cell disease
Updated
Inhaled bronchodilators for cystic fibrosis
Inhaled corticosteroid effects on bone metabolism in asthma and mild chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Inhaled corticosteroids compared to placebo for prevention of exercise induced bronchoconstriction
Inhaled corticosteroids during acute bronchiolitis in the prevention of post-bronchiolitic wheezing
Inhaled corticosteroids for cystic fibrosis
Inhaled corticosteroids for non-specific chronic cough in children
Inhaled corticosteroids for stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Inhaled corticosteroids versus sodium cromoglycate in children and adults with asthma
Inhaled cromones for prolonged non-specific cough in children
Inhaled hyperosmolar agents for bronchiectasis
withdrawn
Inhaled insulin in diabetes mellitus
Inhaled magnesium sulfate in the treatment of acute asthma
Inhaled nitric oxide for acute chest syndrome in people with sickle cell disease
Inhaled nitric oxide for acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and acute lung injury in children and adults
Inhaled nitric oxide for respiratory failure in preterm infants
Inhaled nitric oxide for the postoperative management of pulmonary hypertension in infants and children with congenital heart disease
Inhaled short acting beta2-agonist use in chronic asthma: regular versus as needed treatment
Inhaled short-acting beta2-agonists versus ipratropium for acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Updated
Inhaled sodium cromoglycate for asthma in children
Inhaled steroids for acute asthma following emergency department discharge
Inhaled steroids for bronchiectasis
withdrawn
Inhaled steroids for neonatal chronic lung disease
Inhaled versus oral steroids for adults with chronic asthma
Inhaled versus systemic corticosteroids for preventing chronic lung disease in ventilated very low birth weight preterm neonates
Inhaled versus systemic corticosteroids for the treatment of chronic lung disease in ventilated very low birth weight preterm infants
withdrawn
Initial management strategies for dyspepsia
Injectable gold for rheumatoid arthritis
Injectable vaccines for preventing pneumococcal infection in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Injection sclerotherapy for varicose veins
Injection therapy for subacute and chronic low-back pain
Inositol for depressive disorders
Inositol for respiratory distress syndrome in preterm infants
Inpatient versus other settings for detoxification for opioid dependence
Insecticide-treated bed nets and curtains for preventing malaria
Insecticide-treated nets for preventing malaria in pregnancy
Insoles for prevention and treatment of back pain
Inspiratory muscle training for asthma
Inspiratory muscle training for cystic fibrosis
withdrawn
Institutional versus at-home long term care for functionally dependent older people
Instruments for chorionic villus sampling for prenatal diagnosis
Insulin and oral agents for managing cystic fibrosis-related diabetes
Insulin monotherapy versus combinations of insulin with oral hypoglycaemic agents in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus
Insulin-sensitising drugs (metformin, rosiglitazone, pioglitazone, D-chiro-inositol) for women with polycystic ovary syndrome, oligo amenorrhoea and subfertility
Insulin-sensitising drugs versus the combined oral contraceptive pill for hirsutism, acne and risk of diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and endometrial cancer in polycystic ovary syndrome
Intensity of exercise for the treatment of osteoarthritis
Interactive Health Communication Applications for people with chronic disease
Intercessory prayer for the alleviation of ill health
Updated
Interferon Beta for Primary Progressive Multiple Sclerosis
Interferon for acute hepatitis C
Interferon for interferon naive patients with chronic hepatitis C
Interferon for interferon nonresponding and relapsing patients with chronic hepatitis C
Interferon in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis
New
Interferon-alpha for maintenance of follicular lymphoma
Interleukin 2 receptor antagonists for kidney transplant recipients
Intermediate acting versus long acting insulin for type 1 diabetes mellitus
Intermittent pneumatic compression for treating venous leg ulcers
Intermittent versus continuous androgen suppression for prostatic cancer
Intermittent versus continuous renal replacement therapy for acute renal failure in adults
Internal fixation implants for intracapsular proximal femoral fractures in adults
Internal fixation versus arthroplasty for intracapsular proximal femoral fractures in adults
Interprofessional collaboration: effects of practice-based interventions on professional practice and healthcare outcomes
Interprofessional education: effects on professional practice and health care outcomes
Interspace/interdental brushes for oral hygiene in orthodontic patients with fixed appliances
Interval debulking surgery for advanced epithelial ovarian cancer
Intervention for childhood apraxia of speech
Intervention for dysarthria associated with acquired brain injury in children and adolescents
Interventionist versus expectant care for severe pre-eclampsia before term
Interventions (other than pharmacological, psychosocial or psychological) for treating antenatal depression
New
Interventions at caesarean section for reducing the risk of aspiration pneumonitis
Interventions before consultations for helping patients address their information needs
Interventions for acute auricular haematoma
Interventions for acute non-arteritic central retinal artery occlusion
New
Interventions for acute otitis externa
Interventions for alopecia areata
Interventions for American cutaneous and mucocutaneous leishmaniasis
Interventions for apathy after traumatic brain injury
Interventions for apraxia of speech following stroke
Interventions for asymptomatic retinal breaks and lattice degeneration for preventing retinal detachment
Interventions for basal cell carcinoma of the skin
New
Interventions for bone disease in children with chronic kidney disease
Interventions for bullous pemphigoid
Interventions for central giant cell granuloma (CGCG) of the jaws
Interventions for chronic abacterial prostatitis
Interventions for chronic palmoplantar pustulosis
withdrawn
Interventions for chronic suppurative otitis media
Interventions for cleaning dentures in adults
Interventions for cutaneous molluscum contagiosum
Interventions for deliberately altering blood pressure in acute stroke
Interventions for drug-using offenders in the courts, secure establishments and the community.
Interventions for dysphagia and under-nutrition in acute stroke
Interventions for dysphagia in oesophageal cancer
Interventions for ear discharge associated with grommets (ventilation tubes)
withdrawn
Interventions for early stage Hodgkin's disease in children
Interventions for educating children who are at risk of asthma-related emergency department attendance
Interventions for educating traditional healers about STD and HIV medicine
Interventions for emergency contraception
Interventions for encouraging sexual lifestyles and behaviours intended to prevent cervical cancer
Interventions for enhancing medication adherence
Interventions for erythema nodosum leprosum
Interventions for growth failure in childhood Crohn's disease
Interventions for guttate psoriasis
Interventions for haemolytic uraemic syndrome and thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura
Interventions for heartburn in pregnancy
Interventions for helping people recognise early signs of recurrence in bipolar disorder
Interventions for HIV-associated nephropathy
Interventions for idiopathic intracranial hypertension
Interventions for idiopathic steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome in children
Interventions for impetigo
Interventions for improving adherence to ocular hypotensive therapy
Interventions for improving adherence to treatment in patients with high blood pressure in ambulatory settings
Interventions for improving adherence to treatment recommendations in people with type 2 diabetes mellitus
Interventions for improving communication with children and adolescents about a family member's cancer
Interventions for improving communication with children and adolescents about their cancer
Interventions for improving older patients' involvement in primary care episodes
Interventions for improving patients' trust in doctors and groups of doctors
New
Interventions for improving the appropriate use of imaging in people with musculoskeletal conditions
Interventions for improving the psychosocial well-being of children affected by HIV and AIDS.
Interventions for increasing pedestrian and cyclist visibility for the prevention of death and injuries
Interventions for increasing the proportion of health professionals practising in rural and other underserved areas
Interventions for infantile esotropia
Interventions for ingrowing toenails
Interventions for intermittent exotropia
Interventions for involutional lower lid entropion
Interventions for isolated diaphyseal fractures of the ulna in adults
Interventions for ketosis during labour
Interventions for latent autoimmune diabetes (LADA) in adults
Interventions for learning disabled sex offenders
Interventions for leg cramps in pregnancy
Interventions for minimal change disease in adults with nephrotic syndrome
Interventions for motor apraxia following stroke
Interventions for mucous membrane pemphigoid and epidermolysis bullosa acquisita
Interventions for nausea and vomiting in early pregnancy
Interventions for noisy breathing in patients near to death
Interventions for non-oliguric hyperkalaemia in preterm neonates
Interventions for normal tension glaucoma
Interventions for Old World cutaneous leishmaniasis
Interventions for pain with intrauterine device insertion
Interventions for paracetamol (acetaminophen) overdose
Interventions for pemphigus vulgaris and pemphigus foliaceus
Interventions for photodamaged skin
Interventions for pityriasis rosea
Interventions for 'poor responders' to controlled ovarian hyper stimulation (COH) in in-vitro fertilisation (IVF)
Interventions for post-stroke fatigue
Interventions for preoperative smoking cessation
Interventions for preventing and treating kidney disease in Henoch-Schönlein Purpura (HSP)
Interventions for preventing and treating pelvic and back pain in pregnancy
Interventions for preventing and treating stress fractures and stress reactions of bone of the lower limbs in young adults
Interventions for preventing ankle ligament injuries
Interventions for preventing blood loss during the treatment of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia
Interventions for preventing bone disease in kidney transplant recipients
Interventions for preventing critical illness polyneuropathy and critical illness myopathy
Interventions for preventing delirium in hospitalised patients
Interventions for preventing depression after stroke
Interventions for preventing eating disorders in children and adolescents
withdrawn
Interventions for preventing falls in elderly people
New
Interventions for preventing falls in older people in nursing care facilities and hospitals
Interventions for preventing falls in older people living in the community
New
Interventions for preventing hamstring injuries
Interventions for preventing infection in nephrotic syndrome
New
Interventions for preventing infectious complications in haemodialysis patients with central venous catheters
Interventions for preventing injuries in problem drinkers
Interventions for preventing injuries in the agricultural industry
Interventions for preventing injuries in the construction industry
Interventions for preventing late postnatal mother-to-child transmission of HIV
Interventions for preventing lower limb soft-tissue injuries in runners
Interventions for preventing neuropathy caused by cisplatin and related compounds
Interventions for preventing non-melanoma skin cancers in high-risk groups
Interventions for preventing obesity in children
withdrawn
Interventions for preventing or improving the outcome of delivery at or beyond term
Interventions for preventing oral candidiasis for patients with cancer receiving treatment
Interventions for preventing oral mucositis for patients with cancer receiving treatment
Interventions for preventing post-operative atrial fibrillation in patients undergoing heart surgery
Interventions for preventing posterior capsule opacification
Interventions for preventing reactions to snake antivenom
Interventions for preventing tobacco sales to minors
withdrawn
Interventions for preventing tobacco smoking in public places
Interventions for preventing unintended pregnancies among adolescents
Interventions for preventing venous thromboembolism following abdominal aortic surgery
Interventions for preventing venous thromboembolism in adults undergoing knee arthroscopy
Interventions for preventing voice disorders in adults
Interventions for preventing weight gain after smoking cessation
Interventions for prevention of drug use by young people delivered in non-school settings
Updated
Interventions for prevention of giant retinal tear in the fellow eye
Interventions for prevention of neonatal hyperglycemia in very low birth weight infants
Interventions for prevention of post-operative recurrence of Crohn's disease
Interventions for previously untreated patients with AIDS-associated Non-Hodgkin´s Lymphoma
Interventions for primary (intrinsic) tracheomalacia in children
Interventions for primary vesicoureteric reflux
withdrawn
Interventions for promoting adherence to tuberculosis management
Interventions for promoting booster seat use in four to eight year olds travelling in motor vehicles
Interventions for promoting information and communication technologies adoption in healthcare professionals
Interventions for promoting physical activity
Interventions for promoting smoke alarm ownership and function
Interventions for promoting smoking cessation during pregnancy
Interventions for promoting the initiation of breastfeeding
Interventions for protecting renal function in the perioperative period
Interventions for providers to promote a patient-centred approach in clinical consultations
Interventions for psychosexual dysfunction in women treated for gynaecological malignancy
Interventions for psychotic symptoms concomitant with epilepsy
Interventions for recurrent corneal erosions
Interventions for recurrent idiopathic epistaxis (nosebleeds) in children
Interventions for reducing anxiety in women undergoing colposcopy
Interventions for reducing the risk of mother-to-child transmission of HIV infection
Interventions for relieving the pain and discomfort of screening mammography
Interventions for renal vasculitis in adults
Interventions for replacing missing teeth: 1- versus 2-stage implant placement
Interventions for replacing missing teeth: antibiotics at dental implant placement to prevent complications
Interventions for replacing missing teeth: dental implants in fresh extraction sockets (immediate, immediate-delayed and delayed implants)
Interventions for replacing missing teeth: dental implants in zygomatic bone for the rehabilitation of the severely deficient edentulous maxilla
Interventions for replacing missing teeth: denture chewing surface designs in edentulous people
Interventions for replacing missing teeth: different times for loading dental implants
Interventions for replacing missing teeth: different types of dental implants
Interventions for replacing missing teeth: horizontal and vertical bone augmentation techniques for dental implant treatment
Interventions for replacing missing teeth: hyperbaric oxygen therapy for irradiated patients who require dental implants
Interventions for replacing missing teeth: maintaining and recovering soft tissue health around dental implants
Interventions for replacing missing teeth: management of soft tissues for dental implants
Interventions for replacing missing teeth: preprosthetic surgery versus dental implants
withdrawn
Interventions for replacing missing teeth: surgical techniques for placing dental implants
Interventions for replacing missing teeth: treatment of perimplantitis
Interventions for rosacea
Interventions for sexual dysfunction following treatments for cancer
withdrawn
Interventions for shoulder pain
Interventions for skin changes caused by nerve damage in leprosy
Interventions for smokeless tobacco use cessation
Interventions for smoking cessation in hospitalised patients
Interventions for squamous cell carcinoma of the conjunctiva in HIV-infected individuals
Interventions for stimulus deprivation amblyopia
Updated
Interventions for strabismic amblyopia
Interventions for suspected placenta praevia
withdrawn
Interventions for tears of the rotator cuff in adults
Interventions for the management of oral submucous fibrosis
Interventions for the management of submucous cleft palate
Interventions for the physical aspects of sexual dysfunction in women following pelvic radiotherapy
Interventions for the prevention and management of oropharyngeal candidiasis associated with HIV infection in adults and children
Interventions for the prevention and treatment of herpes simplex virus in patients being treated for cancer
Interventions for the prevention and treatment of pes cavus
Interventions for the prevention of nutritional rickets in term born children
Interventions for the treatment of burning mouth syndrome
Interventions for the treatment of decreased bone mineral density associated with HIV infection
Interventions for the treatment of metastatic extradural spinal cord compression in adults
Interventions for the treatment of Morton's neuroma
Interventions for the treatment of oral and oropharyngeal cancers: surgical treatment
Interventions for the treatment of problem gambling
Interventions for the treatment of twin-twin transfusion syndrome
Interventions for tobacco cessation in the dental setting
Interventions for toxic epidermal necrolysis
Interventions for trachoma trichiasis
Interventions for treating acute and chronic Achilles tendinitis
Interventions for treating AIDS-associated Hodgkin´s lymphoma in treatment-naive adults
Interventions for treating asymptomatic impacted wisdom teeth in adolescents and adults
Interventions for treating brain arteriovenous malformations in adults
withdrawn
Interventions for treating calcaneal fractures
Interventions for treating cholestasis in pregnancy
Interventions for treating chronic ankle instability
Interventions for treating chronic pelvic pain in women
Interventions for treating collagenous colitis
Interventions for treating constipation in pregnancy
Interventions for treating depression after stroke
Interventions for treating functional dysphonia in adults
Interventions for treating genital chlamydia trachomatis infection in pregnancy
Interventions for treating hallux valgus (abductovalgus) and bunions
withdrawn
Interventions for treating headlice
Interventions for treating lymphocytic colitis
Interventions for treating mallet finger injuries
Interventions for treating melioidosis
Interventions for treating obesity in children
Interventions for treating oral candidiasis for patients with cancer receiving treatment
Interventions for treating oral leukoplakia
Interventions for treating oral lichen planus
Interventions for treating oral mucositis for patients with cancer receiving treatment
Interventions for treating painful sickle cell crisis during pregnancy
Interventions for treating placental abruption
withdrawn
Interventions for treating plantar heel pain
Interventions for treating posterior cruciate ligament injuries of the knee in adults
Interventions for treating proximal humeral fractures in adults
Interventions for treating psoriatic arthritis
Interventions for treating scabies
Interventions for treating schistosomiasis mansoni
New
Interventions for treating traumatised ankylosed permanent front teeth
New
Interventions for treating traumatised permanent front teeth: avulsed (knocked out) and replanted
Interventions for treating trichomoniasis in women
Interventions for treating tuberculous pericarditis
Interventions for treating wrist fractures in children
Interventions for treatment of neonatal hyperglycemia in very low birth weight infants
Interventions for trichomoniasis in pregnancy
Interventions for tubal ectopic pregnancy
Interventions for unilateral and bilateral refractive amblyopia
Interventions for vaginismus
Updated
Interventions for varicose veins and leg oedema in pregnancy
Updated
Interventions for vitiligo
Interventions for waterpipe smoking cessation
Interventions implemented through sporting organisations for increasing participation in sport
Interventions in the alcohol server setting for preventing injuries
Interventions in the management of serum lipids for preventing stroke recurrence
Interventions in the workplace to support breastfeeding for women in employment
Interventions targeted at women to encourage the uptake of cervical screening
Interventions to change the behaviour of health professionals and the organisation of care to promote weight reduction in overweight and obese people
Interventions to help external cephalic version for breech presentation at term
withdrawn
Interventions to implement prevention in primary care
New
Interventions to improve adherence to exercise for chronic musculoskeletal pain in adults
Interventions to improve adherence to lipid lowering medication
Interventions to improve antibiotic prescribing practices for hospital inpatients
Interventions to improve antibiotic prescribing practices in ambulatory care
Interventions to improve hand hygiene compliance in patient care
Interventions to improve occupational health in depressed people
Interventions to improve outpatient referrals from primary care to secondary care
Interventions to improve the management of diabetes mellitus in primary care, outpatient and community settings
Interventions to improve water quality for preventing diarrhoea
Interventions to prevent hypothermia at birth in preterm and/or low birthweight infants
Interventions to prevent occupational noise induced hearing loss
Interventions to promote the wearing of hearing protection
Interventions to reduce haemorrhage during myomectomy for fibroids
Interventions to reduce harm from continued tobacco use
Interventions to reduce Staphylococcus aureus in the management of atopic eczema
Interventions to reduce weight gain in schizophrenia
Interventions to support the decision-making process for older people facing the possibility of long-term residential care
Interventions used to improve control of blood pressure in patients with hypertension
Interventions with iodine for women during pregnancy
New
Intra-amniotic surfactant for women at risk of preterm birth for preventing respiratory distress in newborns
Intra-articular steroids and splints/rest for children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis and adults with rheumatoid arthritis
Intra-cytoplasmic sperm injection versus conventional techniques for oocyte insemination during in vitro fertilisation in patients with non-male subfertility
Intra-peritoneal prophylactic agents for preventing adhesions and adhesive intestinal obstruction after non-gynaecological abdominal surgery
Intra-pleural fibrinolytic therapy versus conservative management in the treatment of adult parapneumonic effusions and empyema
Intra-uterine insemination for male subfertility
Intra-uterine insemination for unexplained subfertility
Intra-uterine insemination versus fallopian tube sperm perfusion for non-tubal infertility
Intra-uterine insemination versus timed intercourse or expectant management for cervical hostility in subfertile couples
Intra-venous fluids preventing severe ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome
Intraarticular corticosteroid for treatment of osteoarthritis of the knee
Intracervical prostaglandins for induction of labour
Intragastric balloon for obesity
Intramedullary nails for extracapsular hip fractures in adults
Intramuscular arteether for treating severe malaria
Intramuscular penicillin for the prevention of early onset group B streptococcal infection in newborn infants
Intranasal corticosteroids for asthma control in people with coexisting asthma and rhinitis
Intranasal corticosteroids for nasal airway obstruction in children with moderate to severe adenoidal hypertrophy
Intranasal steroids for acute sinusitis
Intraoperative Mitomycin C for glaucoma surgery
withdrawn
Intrapartum antibiotics for Group B streptococcal colonisation
Intrapartum antibiotics for known maternal Group B streptococcal colonization
Intrapartum interventions for preventing shoulder dystocia
Intraperitoneal chemotherapy for the initial management of primary epithelial ovarian cancer
Intrarectal quinine versus intravenous or intramuscular quinine for treating Plasmodium falciparum malaria
Intravascular brachytherapy for peripheral vascular disease
Intravenous aminophylline for acute severe asthma in children over two years receiving inhaled bronchodilators
Intravenous beta2-agonists for acute asthma in the emergency department
Intravenous dexamethasone for extubation of newborn infants
Updated
Intravenous fluids for abdominal aortic surgery
Intravenous immunoglobulin as adjuvant therapy for Wegener's granulomatosis
Intravenous immunoglobulin for chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy
Intravenous immunoglobulin for Guillain-Barré syndrome
Intravenous immunoglobulin for multifocal motor neuropathy
Intravenous immunoglobulin for myasthenia gravis
Updated
Intravenous immunoglobulin for presumed viral myocarditis in children and adults
Intravenous immunoglobulin for preventing infection in preterm and/or low birth weight infants
Intravenous immunoglobulin for suspected or subsequently proven infection in neonates
Intravenous immunoglobulin for the treatment of Kawasaki disease in children
Intravenous immunoglobulin for treating sepsis, severe sepsis and septic shock
Intravenous immunoglobulins for multiple sclerosis
Intravenous in-line filters for preventing morbidity and mortality in neonates
Intravenous magnesium for acute myocardial infarction
Updated
Intravenous midazolam infusion for sedation of infants in the neonatal intensive care unit
Intravenous naftidrofuryl for critical limb ischaemia
Intravenous or enteral loop diuretics for preterm infants with (or developing) chronic lung disease
Intravenous or intramuscular parecoxib for acute postoperative pain in adults
Intravenous oxytocin alone for cervical ripening and induction of labour
Intravenous prostaglandin for induction of labour
Intravenous secretin for autism spectrum disorder
Intravenous versus inhalation anaesthesia for one-lung ventilation
Intraventricular antibiotics for bacterial meningitis in neonates
Intraventricular streptokinase after intraventricular hemorrhage in newborn infants
Intravesical Bacillus Calmette-Guérin in Ta and T1 bladder cancer
Intravesical Bacillus Calmette-Guérin versus mitomycin C for Ta and T1 bladder cancer
Intravesical treatments for painful bladder syndrome/ interstitial cystitis
Intravitreal steroids for macular edema in diabetes
Intravitreal steroids versus observation for macular edema secondary to central retinal vein occlusion
Iodine supplementation for preventing iodine deficiency disorders in children
Iodine supplementation for the prevention of mortality and adverse neurodevelopmental outcomes in preterm infants
Iodised salt for preventing iodine deficiency disorders
Ionisers for chronic asthma
Ipratropium bromide versus long-acting beta-2 agonists for stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Ipratropium bromide versus short acting beta-2 agonists for stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
withdrawn
Iron and folate supplementation in pregnancy
Iron supplementation for reducing morbidity and mortality in children with HIV
withdrawn
Iron supplementation in pregnancy
Iron therapy for improving psychomotor development and cognitive function in children under the age of three with iron deficiency anaemia
Iron-chelating agents for treating malaria
Ischaemic pre-conditioning for elective liver resections performed under vascular occlusion
Ischaemic preconditioning for liver transplantation
withdrawn
Isocaloric balanced protein supplementation in pregnancy
Isoniazid for preventing tuberculosis in non-HIV infected persons
Ivermectin for onchocercal eye disease (river blindness)
Kangaroo mother care to reduce morbidity and mortality in low birthweight infants
Kava extract versus placebo for treating anxiety
Ketamine as an adjuvant to opioids for cancer pain
Ketanserin for Raynaud's phenomenon in progressive systemic sclerosis
Ketogenic diet for epilepsy
Ketotifen alone or as additional medication for long-term control of asthma and wheeze in children
Updated
Kinesthetic stimulation for preventing apnea in preterm infants
Updated
Kinesthetic stimulation for treating apnea in preterm infants
Updated
Kinesthetic stimulation versus methylxanthine for apnea in preterm infants
withdrawn
Kinin-enhancing drugs for unexplained subfertility in men
Kinship care for the safety, permanency, and well-being of children removed from the home for maltreatment
LAAM maintenance vs methadone maintenance for heroin dependence
Labour assessment programs to delay admission to labour wards
Lactase treated feeds to promote growth and feeding tolerance in preterm infants
Lactational amenorrhea for family planning
Laetrile treatment for cancer
Lamotrigine add-on for drug-resistant partial epilepsy
Lamotrigine for acute and chronic pain
Lamotrigine for schizophrenia
Lamotrigine versus carbamazepine monotherapy for epilepsy
Laparoscopic colposuspension for urinary incontinence in women
Laparoscopic drilling by diathermy or laser for ovulation induction in anovulatory polycystic ovary syndrome
Laparoscopic Entry Techniques
Laparoscopic repair for perforated peptic ulcer disease
Laparoscopic surgery for pelvic pain associated with endometriosis
Laparoscopic surgery for presumed benign ovarian tumor during pregnancy
Updated
Laparoscopic surgery for subfertility associated with endometriosis
Laparoscopic techniques versus open techniques for inguinal hernia repair
Laparoscopic versus open cholecystectomy for patients with symptomatic cholecystolithiasis
Laparoscopic versus open surgery for suspected appendicitis
Laparoscopic versus open total mesorectal excision for rectal cancer
Laparoscopic versus small-incision cholecystectomy for patients with symptomatic cholecystolithiasis
Laparoscopy versus laparotomy for benign ovarian tumour
Laparoscopy versus laparotomy for FIGO Stage I ovarian cancer
Laryngeal mask airway versus bag-mask ventilation or endotracheal intubation for neonatal resuscitation
Laser and photoepilation for unwanted hair growth
Laser peripheral iridoplasty for angle-closure
Laser photocoagulation for choroidal neovascularisation in pathologic myopia
Laser photocoagulation for neovascular age-related macular degeneration
Laser prostatectomy for benign prostatic obstruction
Laser resurfacing for facial acne scars
Laser therapy for venous leg ulcers
Laser trabeculoplasty for open angle glaucoma
Laser treatment of drusen to prevent progression to advanced age-related macular degeneration
Late (>7 days) postnatal corticosteroids for chronic lung disease in preterm infants
Late erythropoietin for preventing red blood cell transfusion in preterm and/or low birth weight infants
Late versus early surgical correction for congenital diaphragmatic hernia in newborn infants
withdrawn
Lateral tilt for caesarean section
Laxatives for the management of constipation in palliative care patients
Laxatives for the treatment of hemorrhoids.
Lay health workers in primary and community health care for maternal and child health and the treatment of infectious diseases
Lecithin for dementia and cognitive impairment
Leflunomide for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis
Length of hospitalisation for people with severe mental illness
Lens extraction for chronic angle-closure glaucoma
Leukotriene receptor antagonist for prolonged non-specific cough in children
Leukotriene receptor antagonists for non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis
Levetiracetam add-on for drug-resistant localization related (partial) epilepsy
Levonorgestrel intrauterine system for endometrial protection in women with breast cancer on adjuvant tamoxifen
Levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine device (LNG-IUD) for symptomatic endometriosis following surgery
LHRH agonists for adjuvant therapy of early breast cancer in premenopausal women
Lidocaine for pain relief in burn injured patients
Lidocaine for preventing postoperative sore throat
Lidocaine-prilocaine cream for analgesia during circumcision in newborn boys
Life skills programmes for chronic mental illnesses
Lifestyle modification for obstructive sleep apnoea
Light therapy for managing cognitive, sleep, functional, behavioural, or psychiatric disturbances in dementia
Light therapy for non-seasonal depression
Limited (information only) patient education programs for adults with asthma
Lipid-lowering for peripheral arterial disease of the lower limb
Lisuride for levodopa-induced complications in Parkinson's disease
Lisuride versus bromocriptine for levodopa-induced complications in Parkinson's disease
Lithium for maintenance treatment of mood disorders
Lithium for schizophrenia
Lithium versus antidepressants in the long-term treatment of unipolar affective disorder
Liver resection versus other treatments for neuroendocrine tumours in patients with resectable liver metastases
Lobeline for smoking cessation
Local anaesthetic sympathetic blockade for complex regional pain syndrome
Local anaesthetic wound infiltration and abdominal nerves block during caesarean section for postoperative pain relief
Local cooling for relieving pain from perineal trauma sustained during childbirth
Local corticosteroid injection for carpal tunnel syndrome
Local oestrogen for vaginal atrophy in postmenopausal women
Local opinion leaders: effects on professional practice and health care outcomes
Local versus general anaesthesia for carotid endarterectomy
Locomotor training for walking after spinal cord injury
Long term hormone therapy for perimenopausal and postmenopausal women
Long versus short course treatment with Metformin and Clomiphene Citrate for ovulation induction in women with PCOS
Long versus short inspiratory times in neonates receiving mechanical ventilation
Long-acting beta2-agonists as an inhaled corticosteroid-sparing agent for chronic asthma in adults and children
Long-acting beta2-agonists for bronchiectasis
Long-acting beta2-agonists for chronic asthma in adults and children where background therapy contains varied or no inhaled corticosteroid
Long-acting beta2-agonists for poorly reversible chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Long-acting beta2-agonists versus anti-leukotrienes as add-on therapy to inhaled corticosteroids for chronic asthma
Long-acting beta2-agonists versus theophylline for maintenance treatment of asthma
Long-acting insulin analogues versus NPH insulin (human isophane insulin) for type 2 diabetes mellitus
Long-term antibiotics for preventing recurrent urinary tract infection in children
Long-term bladder management by intermittent catheterisation in adults and children
Long-term effects of weight-reducing drugs in hypertensive patients
Long-term non-pharmacological weight loss interventions for adults with prediabetes
Long-term non-pharmacological weight loss interventions for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus
New
Long-term opioid management for chronic noncancer pain
Long-term pharmacotherapy for obesity and overweight
Long-term pituitary down-regulation before in vitro fertilization (IVF) for women with endometriosis
Long-term results of laparoscopic colorectal cancer resection
Longchain polyunsaturated fatty acid supplementation in infants born at term
Longchain polyunsaturated fatty acid supplementation in preterm infants
Low dosage tricyclic antidepressants for depression
Low glycaemic index diets for coronary heart disease
Low glycaemic index or low glycaemic load diets for overweight and obesity
Low glycaemic index, or low glycaemic load, diets for diabetes mellitus
Low level laser therapy (Classes I, II and III) for treating rheumatoid arthritis
withdrawn
Low level laser therapy (Classes III) for treating osteoarthritis
Low level laser therapy for nonspecific low-back pain
Updated
Low level laser therapy for treating tuberculosis
Low molecular weight heparin for prevention of venous thromboembolism in patients with lower-leg immobilization
Low molecular weight heparins versus unfractionated heparin for acute coronary syndromes
Low pressure versus standard pressure pneumoperitoneum in laparoscopic cholecystectomy
Low protein diets for chronic kidney disease in non diabetic adults
Low-dose aspirin for in vitro fertilisation
Low-dose dopamine for women with severe pre-eclampsia
Low-molecular-weight heparins or heparinoids versus standard unfractionated heparin for acute ischaemic stroke
Loxapine for schizophrenia
Lubeluzole for acute ischaemic stroke
Lumbar supports for prevention and treatment of low back pain
Lung protective ventilation strategy for the acute respiratory distress syndrome
Lung volume reduction surgery for diffuse emphysema
withdrawn
Luteal phase support in assisted reproduction cycles
New
Lymphadenectomy for the management of endometrial cancer
Macrolide antibiotics for cystic fibrosis
Macrolides for chronic asthma
Macular translocation for neovascular age-related macular degeneration
Magnesium for acute traumatic brain injury
Magnesium maintenance therapy for preventing preterm birth after threatened preterm labour
Magnesium sulfate for persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn
Magnesium sulfate for treating exacerbations of acute asthma in the emergency department
Magnesium sulphate and other anticonvulsants for women with pre-eclampsia
Magnesium sulphate for preventing preterm birth in threatened preterm labour
Magnesium sulphate for women at risk of preterm birth for neuroprotection of the fetus
Magnesium sulphate versus diazepam for eclampsia
Magnesium sulphate versus lytic cocktail for eclampsia
Magnesium sulphate versus phenytoin for eclampsia
Magnesium supplementation for the management of primary hypertension in adults
Magnesium supplementation in pregnancy
Magnetic resonance imaging versus computed tomography for detection of acute vascular lesions in patients presenting with stroke symptoms
Magnification devices for endodontic therapy
Mailuoning for acute ischaemic stroke
Maintenance agonist treatments for opiate dependent pregnant women
Maintenance therapy with calcium channel blockers for preventing preterm birth after threatened preterm labour
Maintenance therapy with oxytocin antagonists for inhibiting preterm birth after threatened preterm labour
Maintenance treatments for opiate dependent adolescent
Malaria chemoprophylaxis in sickle cell disease
Male circumcision for prevention of heterosexual acquisition of HIV in men
New
Management of drainage for malignant ascites in gynaecological cancer
Management of faecal incontinence and constipation in adults with central neurological diseases
Management of sexual dysfunction due to antipsychotic drug therapy
Management of the fractured edentulous atrophic mandible
Management of toxoplasmic encephalitis in HIV-infected adults (with an emphasis on resource-poor settings)
Managements for people with disorders of sexual preference and for convicted sexual offenders
Updated
Manipulation or Mobilisation for Neck Pain
Manipulative interventions for reducing pulled elbow in young children
Mannitol and other osmotic diuretics as adjuncts for treating cerebral malaria
Mannitol for acute stroke
Mannitol for acute traumatic brain injury
Manual material handling advice and assistive devices for preventing and treating back pain in workers
withdrawn
Manual removal of placenta at caesarean section
Manual therapy for asthma
Manual versus powered toothbrushing for oral health
Marine oil, and other prostaglandin precursor, supplementation for pregnancy uncomplicated by pre-eclampsia or intrauterine growth restriction
Marital therapy for depression
Mass media interventions for influencing the use of health services
Mass media interventions for preventing smoking in young people
Mass media interventions for promoting HIV testing
Mass media interventions for smoking cessation in adults
Massage and touch for dementia
Massage for low-back pain
Massage for mechanical neck disorders
Massage for promoting growth and development of preterm and/or low birth-weight infants
Massage intervention for promoting mental and physical health in infants aged under six months
New
Massage therapy for people with HIV/AIDS
Mast-cell stabilising agents to prevent exercise-induced bronchoconstriction
withdrawn
Maternal antigen avoidance during lactation for preventing atopic disease in infants of women at high risk
withdrawn
Maternal antigen avoidance during lactation for preventing atopic eczema in infants
Maternal dietary antigen avoidance during pregnancy or lactation, or both, for preventing or treating atopic disease in the child
Maternal glucose administration for facilitating tests of fetal wellbeing
Updated
Maternal hydration for increasing amniotic fluid volume in oligohydramnios and normal amniotic fluid volume
Maternal nutrient supplementation for suspected impaired fetal growth
Maternal oxygen administration for fetal distress
Maternal oxygen administration for suspected impaired fetal growth
Maternal positions and mobility during first stage labour
Maternity waiting facilities for improving maternal and neonatal outcome in low-resource countries
Maximal androgen blockade for advanced prostate cancer
Mecamylamine (a nicotine antagonist) for smoking cessation
Mechanical bowel preparation for elective colorectal surgery
Mechanical devices for pelvic organ prolapse in women
Mechanical devices for urinary incontinence in women
Mechanical methods for induction of labour
Mechanical traction for neck pain with or without radiculopathy
Mechanical ventilation for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis/motor neuron disease
Mechanical ventilation for newborn infants with respiratory failure due to pulmonary disease
Media-based behavioural treatments for behavioural problems in children
Mediastinal chest drain clearance for cardiac surgery
Medical adjuvant treatment to increase patency of arteriovenous fistulae and grafts
Medical and surgical treatment for ocular myasthenia
Medical anti-shock trousers (pneumatic anti-shock garments) for circulatory support in patients with trauma
Medical day hospital care for the elderly versus alternative forms of care
Medical interventions for fungal keratitis
Medical interventions for primary open angle glaucoma and ocular hypertension
Medical methods for first trimester abortion
Medical treatment for early fetal death (less than 24 weeks)
Medical treatments for idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura during pregnancy
New
Medical treatments for incomplete miscarriage (less than 24 weeks)
withdrawn
Medical treatments for the maintenance therapy of reflux oesophagitis and endoscopic negative reflux disease
Medical treatments in the short term management of reflux oesophagitis
Medical versus surgical interventions for open angle glaucoma
Medical versus surgical methods for first trimester termination of pregnancy
Medically assisted hydration for adult palliative care patients
Medically assisted nutrition for palliative care in adult patients
Medicinal and injection therapies for mechanical neck disorders
Medicinal herbs for hepatitis C virus infection
Meditation therapy for anxiety disorders
withdrawn
Mefloquine for preventing malaria in non-immune adult travellers
Megestrol acetate for treatment of anorexia-cachexia syndrome
Meglitinide analogues for type 2 diabetes mellitus
Melatonin for the prevention and treatment of jet lag
Melatonin for the treatment of dementia
Memantine for dementia
Memantine for dementia in people with Down syndrome
Membrane sweeping for induction of labour
Metal protein attenuating compounds for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease
Metalloporphyrins for treatment of unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia in neonates
Metformin added to insulin therapy for type 1 diabetes mellitus in adolescents
Metformin monotherapy for type 2 diabetes mellitus
Metformin treatment before and during IVF or ICSI in women with polycystic ovary syndrome
Methadone at tapered doses for the management of opioid withdrawal
Methadone for cancer pain
Methadone maintenance at different dosages for opioid dependence
Methadone maintenance therapy versus no opioid replacement therapy for opioid dependence
Methenamine hippurate for preventing urinary tract infections
Methods of communicating a primary diagnosis of breast cancer to patients
Updated
Methods of consumer involvement in developing healthcare policy and research, clinical practice guidelines and patient information material
Methods of delivering the placenta at caesarean section
Methods of milk expression for lactating women
Methods of preventing bacterial sepsis and wound complications for liver transplantation
Methods of repair for obstetric anal sphincter injury
withdrawn
Methods of vascular occlusion for elective liver resections
Methods of vascular occlusion for elective liver resections
Methods to increase response to postal and electronic questionnaires
Methotrexate as an oral corticosteroid sparing agent for asthma in adults
Methotrexate for ankylosing spondylitis
Methotrexate for high-grade osteosarcoma in children and young adults
Methotrexate for induction of remission in refractory Crohn's disease
Methotrexate for induction of remission in ulcerative colitis
Methotrexate for maintenance of remission in Crohn's disease
Methotrexate for maintenance of remission in ulcerative colitis
Methotrexate for multiple sclerosis
Methotrexate for primary biliary cirrhosis
Methotrexate for treating juvenile idiopathic arthritis
Methotrexate for treating rheumatoid arthritis
Methyldopa for primary hypertension
Methylxanthine treatment for apnea in preterm infants
Methylxanthines for exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Methylxanthines for prolonged non-specific cough in children
Metoclopramide for migration of naso-enteral tube
Metoclopramide, thickened feedings, and positioning for gastro-oesophageal reflux in children under two years
Metrifonate for Alzheimer's disease
Micronutrient supplementation in children and adults with HIV infection
Microwave therapy for cervical ectropion
Microwave thermotherapy for benign prostatic hyperplasia
Midwife-led versus other models of care for childbearing women
Mifepristone for induction of labour
Milk thistle for alcoholic and/or hepatitis B or C virus liver diseases
Milnacipran versus other antidepressive agents for depression
Minilaparotomy and endoscopic techniques for tubal sterilisation
Minimally invasive synthetic suburethral sling operations for stress urinary incontinence in women
Minocycline for acne vulgaris: efficacy and safety
Miscellaneous treatments for neuroleptic-induced tardive dyskinesia
Mistletoe therapy in oncology
Mitoxantrone for multiple sclerosis
Mobile bearing vs fixed bearing prostheses for total knee arthroplasty for post-operative functional status in patients with osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis
Mobile phone-based interventions for smoking cessation
Mobilisation strategies after hip fracture surgery in adults
Moderate-term, low-dose corticosteroids for rheumatoid arthritis
Moderately early (7-14 days) postnatal corticosteroids for preventing chronic lung disease in preterm infants
Modes of administration of antibiotics for symptomatic severe urinary tract infections
Modest cooling therapies (35ºC to 37.5ºC) for traumatic brain injury
Modification of the home environment for the reduction of injuries
Mohs micrographic surgery versus surgical excision for periocular basal cell carcinoma
Molindone for schizophrenia and severe mental illness
Monetary incentives for schizophrenia
Monitoring of stimulated cycles in assisted reproduction (IVF and ICSI)
Mono and multifaceted inhalant and/or food allergen reduction interventions for preventing asthma in children at high risk of developing asthma
Monoamine oxidase B inhibitors for early Parkinson's disease
Monoamine oxidase B inhibitors versus other dopaminergic agents in early Parkinson's disease
Monoaminergic agonists for acute traumatic brain injury
Morita therapy for schizophrenia
Mother and baby units for schizophrenia
New
Motivational interviewing for smoking cessation
Mouthrinses for the treatment of halitosis
Mu-opioid antagonists for opioid-induced bowel dysfunction
Mucolytic agents for chronic bronchitis or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Mucolytics for bronchiectasis
withdrawn
Multi-agent chemotherapy for early breast cancer
Multi-disciplinary rehabilitation for acquired brain injury in adults of working age
Multicomponent fortification of human breast milk for preterm infants following hospital discharge
Multicomponent fortified human milk for promoting growth in preterm infants
withdrawn
Multidisciplinary bio-psycho-social rehabilitation for chronic low-back pain
Multidisciplinary biopsychosocial rehabilitation for neck and shoulder pain among working age adults
Multidisciplinary biopsychosocial rehabilitation for subacute low-back pain among working age adults
Multidisciplinary care for adults with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis or motor neuron disease
Multidisciplinary rehabilitation for adults with multiple sclerosis
Multidisciplinary rehabilitation for fibromyalgia and musculoskeletal pain in working age adults
Multidisciplinary rehabilitation for older people with hip fractures
Multidisciplinary rehabilitation programmes following joint replacement at the hip and knee in chronic arthropathy
withdrawn
Multidisciplinary team interventions for delirium in patients with chronic cognitive impairment
Multifocal versus monofocal intraocular lenses after cataract extraction
Multiple risk factor interventions for primary prevention of coronary heart disease_KJW
Multiple session early psychological interventions for the prevention of post-traumatic stress disorder
Multiple versus single doses of exogenous surfactant for the prevention or treatment of neonatal respiratory distress syndrome
Multiple versus single lumen umbilical venous catheters for newborn infants
Multiple-micronutrient supplementation for women during pregnancy
Multisystemic Therapy for social, emotional, and behavioral problems in youth aged 10-17
Mupirocin ointment for preventing Staphylococcus aureus infections in nasal carriers
Muscle relaxants for non-specific low-back pain
Music during caesarean section under regional anaesthesia for improving maternal and infant outcomes
Music for pain relief
Music for stress and anxiety reduction in coronary heart disease patients
Music therapy for autistic spectrum disorder
Music therapy for depression
New
Music therapy for end-of-life care
Music therapy for people with dementia
Music therapy for people with psychotic disorders
Mycobacterium vaccae immunotherapy for treating tuberculosis
Naftidrofuryl for acute stroke
Naftidrofuryl for intermittent claudication
Naftopidil for the treatment of lower urinary tract symptoms compatible with benign prostatic hyperplasia
Naloxone for opiate-exposed newborn infants
Naloxone for preventing morbidity and mortality in newborn infants of greater than 34 weeks' gestation with suspected perinatal asphyxia
Naloxone for shock
Nasal continuous positive airway pressure immediately after extubation for preventing morbidity in preterm infants
Nasal decongestants for the common cold
Nasal intermittent positive pressure ventilation (NIPPV) versus nasal continuous positive airway pressure (NCPAP) for apnea of prematurity
Nasal intermittent positive pressure ventilation (NIPPV) versus nasal continuous positive airway pressure (NCPAP) for preterm neonates after extubation
Nasal saline irrigations for the symptoms of chronic rhinosinusitis
Nasal versus oral intubation for mechanical ventilation of newborn infants
Nasal versus oral route for placing feeding tubes in preterm or low birth weight infants
Natalizumab for induction of remission in Crohn's disease
Near-infrared spectroscopy for fetal assessment during labour
Nebulised hypertonic saline for cystic fibrosis
Nebulised morphine for severe interstitial lung disease
Nebulized and oral thiol derivatives for pulmonary disease in cystic fibrosis
Nebulized hypertonic saline solution for acute bronchiolitis in infants
Nebulized racemic epinephrine for extubation of newborn infants
Updated
Nedocromil sodium for chronic asthma in children
Nedocromil sodium for preventing exercise-induced bronchoconstriction
Nedocromil sodium versus sodium cromoglycate for preventing exercise-induced bronchoconstriction
Needling for encapsulated trabeculectomy filtering blebs
Neo-adjuvant and adjuvant hormone therapy for localised and locally advanced prostate cancer
Neoadjuvant and adjuvant therapy for surgical resection of hepatocellular carcinoma
Neoadjuvant chemoradiation for advanced primary vulvar cancer
Neoadjuvant chemotherapy for invasive bladder cancer
Neoadjuvant chemotherapy for locally advanced cervix cancer
New
Neoadjuvant chemotherapy plus surgery versus surgery for cervical cancer
withdrawn
Neoadjuvant chemotherapy versus none for resectable gastric cancer
Neoadjuvant cisplatin for advanced bladder cancer
Neonatal screening for sickle cell disease
Nerve blocks (subcostal, lateral cutaneous, femoral, triple, psoas) for hip fractures
Neuraminidase inhibitors for preventing and treating influenza in healthy adults
Neuraminidase inhibitors for the prevention and treatment of influenza in children
New
Neuraxial anaesthesia for lower-limb revascularization
Neuroleptic reduction and/or cessation and neuroleptics as specific treatments for tardive dyskinesia
Neuromuscular paralysis for newborn infants receiving mechanical ventilation
Neuroreflexotherapy for non-specific low-back pain
New generation antipsychotics for first episode schizophrenia
Newborn screening for cystic fibrosis
Newer atypical antipsychotic medication versus clozapine for schizophrenia
Nicergoline for dementia and other age associated forms of cognitive impairment
Nicobrevin for smoking cessation
Nicotine for Alzheimer's disease
Nicotine for schizophrenia
Nicotine receptor partial agonists for smoking cessation
Nicotine replacement therapy for smoking cessation
Nimodipine for primary degenerative, mixed and vascular dementia
Nitrates for achalasia
Nitric oxide donors (nitrates), L-arginine, or nitric oxide synthase inhibitors for acute stroke
Nitric oxide donors for cervical ripening in first-trimester surgical abortion
Nitric oxide donors for the treatment of preterm labour
Nitric oxide for preventing pre-eclampsia and its complications
Nitric oxide for respiratory failure in infants born at or near term
Nocturnal mechanical ventilation for chronic hypoventilation in patients with neuromuscular and chest wall disorders
Nocturnal non-invasive positive pressure ventilation for stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Non steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID) and aspirin for preventing colorectal adenomas and carcinomas
Non surgical interventions for late radiation proctitis in patients who have received radical radiotherapy to the pelvis
Non surgical therapy for anal fissure
Non-antiepileptic drugs for trigeminal neuralgia
withdrawn
Non-aspirin, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs for treating osteoarthritis of the knee
Non-corticosteroid treatment for nephrotic syndrome in children
Non-invasive interventions for improving well-being and quality of life in patients with lung cancer
Non-invasive physical treatments for chronic/recurrent headache
Non-invasive positive pressure ventilation (CPAP or bilevel NPPV) for cardiogenic pulmonary edema
Non-invasive positive pressure ventilation for treatment of respiratory failure due to exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Non-invasive positive pressure ventilation for treatment of respiratory failure due to severe acute exacerbations of asthma
Non-invasive ventilation for cystic fibrosis
Non-legislative interventions for the promotion of cycle helmet wearing by children
Non-neuroleptic catecholaminergic drugs for neuroleptic-induced tardive dyskinesia
Non-nutritive sucking for promoting physiologic stability and nutrition in preterm infants
Non-pharmaceutical measures for prevention of post-thrombotic syndrome
Non-pharmacological interventions for assisting the induction of anaesthesia in children
Non-pharmacological interventions for breathlessness in advanced stages of malignant and non-malignant diseases
Non-pharmacological interventions for epilepsy in people with intellectual disabilities
Non-pharmacological therapies for dysphagia in Parkinson's disease
Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agents for treating cystoid macular oedema following cataract surgery
Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) for treating lateral elbow pain in adults
Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs for heavy bleeding or pain associated with intrauterine-device use
Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs for low back pain
Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs for preventing heterotopic bone formation after hip arthroplasty
Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs for the common cold
Non-surgical interventions for eosinophilic esophagitis
Non-surgical interventions for late radiation cystitis in patients who have received radical radiotherapy to the pelvis
Non-surgical treatment (other than steroid injection) for carpal tunnel syndrome
Nonabsorbable disaccharides for hepatic encephalopathy
Noninvasive positive pressure ventilation as a weaning strategy for intubated adults with respiratory failure
Nonlatex versus latex male condoms for contraception
Nonoxynol-9 for preventing vaginal acquisition of HIV infection by women from men
Nonoxynol-9 for preventing vaginal acquisition of sexually transmitted infections by women from men
Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDS) versus opioids for acute renal colic
Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and perioperative bleeding in paediatric tonsillectomy
Updated
Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs for dysmenorrhoea
Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs for heavy menstrual bleeding
Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs for pain in women with endometriosis
Normobaric and hyperbaric oxygen therapy for migraine and cluster headache
NSAIDS or paracetamol, alone or combined with opioids, for cancer pain
Number of embryos for transfer following in-vitro fertilisation or intra-cytoplasmic sperm injection
Nurse specialist care for bronchiectasis
Nursing interventions for smoking cessation
Nursing record systems: effects on nursing practice and healthcare outcomes
Nutrient-enriched formula milk versus human breast milk for preterm infants following hospital discharge
Nutrient-enriched formula versus standard term formula for preterm infants following hospital discharge
Nutrition support for bone marrow transplant patients
withdrawn
Nutritional advice in pregnancy
Nutritional interventions for preventing and treating pressure ulcers
Nutritional interventions for reducing morbidity and mortality in people with HIV
Nutritional supplementation for hip fracture aftercare in older people
Nutritional supplementation for stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Nutritional supplements for people being treated for active tuberculosis
New
Nutritional support for acute kidney injury
Nutritional support for critically ill children
Nutritional support for head-injured patients
Nystatin prophylaxis and treatment in severely immunodepressed patients
Occlusal adjustment for treating and preventing temporomandibular joint disorders
Occlusal interventions for periodontitis in adults
Occlusal splints for treating sleep bruxism (tooth grinding)
Occupational therapy for multiple sclerosis
Occupational therapy for patients with Parkinson's disease
Occupational therapy for patients with problems in activities of daily living after stroke
Occupational therapy for rheumatoid arthritis
Oestrogen and progestogen hormone replacement therapy for peri-menopausal and post-menopausal women: weight and body fat distribution
Oestrogen supplementation, mainly diethylstilbestrol, for preventing miscarriages and other adverse pregnancy outcomes
Oestrogen therapy for urinary incontinence in post-menopausal women
Oestrogens alone or with amniotomy for cervical ripening or induction of labour
Oestrogens and progestins for preventing and treating postpartum depression
Oestrogens for preventing recurrent urinary tract infection in postmenopausal women
withdrawn
Oil-soluble versus water-soluble media for assessing tubal patency with hysterosalpingography or laparoscopy in subfertile women
Olanzapine alone or in combination for acute mania
Olanzapine for schizophrenia
Olanzapine IM or velotab for acutely disturbed/agitated people with suspected serious mental illnesses
Olanzapine in long-term treatment for bipolar disorder
Omega 3 fatty acid for the prevention of dementia
Omega 3 fatty acids (fish oil) for maintenance of remission in Crohn's disease
Omega 3 fatty acids (fish oil) for maintenance of remission in ulcerative colitis
Omega 3 fatty acids for prevention and treatment of cardiovascular disease
Omega-3 fatty acids (from fish oils) for cystic fibrosis
Omega-3 fatty acids for bipolar disorder
Omega-3 fatty acids for intermittent claudication
Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) for type 2 diabetes mellitus
On-site mental health workers delivering psychological therapy and psychosocial interventions to patients in primary care: effects on the professional practice of primary care providers
Once or twice daily versus three times daily amoxicillin with or without clavulanate for the treatment of acute otitis media
Once versus twice daily low molecular weight heparin for the initial treatment of venous thromboembolism
Once-daily versus multiple-daily dosing with intravenous aminoglycosides for cystic fibrosis
One dose per day compared to multiple doses per day of gentamicin for treatment of suspected or proven sepsis in neonates
One topical fluoride (toothpastes, or mouthrinses, or gels, or varnishes) versus another for preventing dental caries in children and adolescents
Open general medical wards versus specialist psychiatric units for acute psychoses
Open Mesh versus non-Mesh for groin hernia repair
Open retropubic colposuspension for urinary incontinence in women
Open surgical procedures for incisional hernias
Open versus closed surgical exposure of canine teeth that are displaced in the roof of the mouth
Open versus laparoscopic (assisted) ileo pouch anal anastomosis for ulcerative colitis and familial adenomatous polyposis
New
Open, small-incision, or laparoscopic cholecystectomy for patients with symptomatic cholecystolithiasis. An overview of Cochrane Hepato-Biliary Group reviews
Operative and non-operative treatment options for dislocation of the hip following total hip arthroplasty
Updated
Operative procedures for fissure in ano
Operative versus conservative management for 'fetal distress' in labour
Operative versus non-operative treatment for thoracolumbar burst fractures without neurological deficit
Opiate treatment for opiate withdrawal in newborn infants
Opioid antagonists for alcohol dependence
Opioid antagonists for smoking cessation
Updated
Opioid antagonists under heavy sedation or anaesthesia for opioid withdrawal
Opioid antagonists with minimal sedation for opioid withdrawal
Opioid switching to improve pain relief and drug tolerability
Opioids for chronic low-back pain
Opioids for neonates receiving mechanical ventilation
Opioids for neuropathic pain
Opioids for the management of breakthrough (episodic) pain in cancer patients
Opioids for the palliation of breathlessness in terminal illness
Opportunities provision for preventing youth gang involvement for children and young people (7-16)
Optimal duration of exclusive breastfeeding
Optimal timing for intravenous administration set replacement
Options for self-management education for adults with asthma
Oral 5-aminosalicylic acid for induction of remission in ulcerative colitis
Oral 5-aminosalicylic acid for maintenance of medically-induced remission in Crohn's disease
Oral 5-aminosalicylic acid for maintenance of remission in ulcerative colitis
Oral anti-pseudomonal antibiotics for cystic fibrosis
Oral antibiotics versus parenteral antibiotics for severe pneumonia in children
Oral anticoagulants for preventing stroke in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation and no previous history of stroke or transient ischemic attacks
Oral anticoagulants versus antiplatelet therapy for preventing further vascular events after transient ischaemic attack or minor stroke of presumed arterial origin
Oral anticoagulants versus antiplatelet therapy for preventing stroke in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation and no history of stroke or transient ischemic attacks
Oral anticoagulation for prolonging survival in patients with cancer
Oral appliances and functional orthopaedic appliances for obstructive sleep apnoea in children
Oral appliances for obstructive sleep apnoea
Oral beta-blockers for mild to moderate hypertension during pregnancy
Oral betamimetics for maintenance therapy after threatened preterm labour
Oral calorie supplements for cystic fibrosis
Oral contraceptive pill for heavy menstrual bleeding
Oral contraceptive pill for primary dysmenorrhoea
New
Oral contraceptive pill, progestogen or estrogen pre-treatment for ovarian stimulation protocols for women undergoing assisted reproductive techniques
Oral contraceptives containing drospirenone for premenstrual syndrome
Oral contraceptives for functional ovarian cysts
Oral contraceptives for pain associated with endometriosis
Oral corticosteroids for stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Oral deferiprone for iron chelation in people with thalassaemia
Oral fluphenazine versus placebo for schizophrenia
Oral immunoglobulin for preventing necrotizing enterocolitis in preterm and low birth weight neonates
Oral immunoglobulin for the prevention of rotavirus infection in low birth weight infants
Oral immunoglobulin for the treatment of rotavirus diarrhoea in low birth weight infants
Oral iron supplementation for preventing or treating anaemia among children in malaria-endemic areas
Oral lactoferrin for the treatment of sepsis and necrotizing enterocolitis in neonates
Oral methylxanthines for bronchiectasis
Oral misoprostol for induction of labour
Oral morphine for cancer pain
Oral naltrexone maintenance treatment for opioid dependence
Oral non steroid anti-inflammatories for children and adults with bronchiectasis
Oral non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug therapy for lung disease in cystic fibrosis
Oral oestrogen and combined oestrogen/progestogen therapy versus placebo for hot flushes
Oral or topical nasal steroids for hearing loss associated with otitis media with effusion in children
Oral or transdermal opioids for osteoarthritis of the knee or hip
Oral paliperidone for schizophrenia
Oral potassium iodide for the treatment of sporotrichosis
Oral prostaglandin E2 for induction of labour
Oral protein calorie supplementation for children with chronic disease
New
Oral rinses, mouthwashes and sprays for improving recovery following tonsillectomy
Oral steroids for adhesive capsulitis
Oral steroids for bronchiectasis (stable and acute exacerbations)
Updated
Oral steroids for cystic fibrosis
Oral steroids for nasal polyps
Oral sumatriptan for acute migraine
Oral theophylline for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Oral treatments for fungal infections of the skin of the foot.
Oral vasodilators for primary Raynaud's phenomenon
Oral versus injectable ovulation induction agents for unexplained subfertility
Oral versus intra-vaginal imidazole and triazole anti-fungal treatment of uncomplicated vulvovaginal candidiasis (thrush)
Oral versus intravenous antibiotic treatment for febrile neutropenia in cancer patients
Oral versus intravenous rehydration for treating dehydration due to gastroenteritis in children
Oral versus Intravenous Steroids for Treatment of Relapses in Multiple Sclerosis
Oral vitamin B12 versus intramuscular vitamin B12 for vitamin B12 deficiency
Oral water soluble contrast for the management of adhesive small bowel obstruction
Oral xanthines as maintenance treatment for asthma in children
Oral zinc for arterial and venous leg ulcers
Oral zinc for treating diarrhoea in children
Organisational infrastructures to promote evidence based nursing practice
Organised inpatient (stroke unit) care for stroke
Organising health care services for persons with an intellectual disability
Orientation and mobility training for adults with low vision
Orthodontic and orthopaedic treatment for anterior open bite in children
Orthodontic treatment for deep bite and retroclined upper front teeth in children
Orthodontic treatment for posterior crossbites
Orthodontic treatment for prominent upper front teeth in children
withdrawn
Orthotic devices after stroke and other non-progressive brain lesions
Orthotic devices for the treatment of tennis elbow
withdrawn
Orthotic devices for treating patellofemoral pain syndrome
Oscillating devices for airway clearance in people with cystic fibrosis
Osteotomy for treating knee osteoarthritis
Osteotomy, compression and other modifications of surgical techniques for internal fixation of extracapsular hip fractures
Outcome measures and needs assessment tools for schizophrenia and related disorders
Outcomes of patients who participate in randomized controlled trials compared to similar patients receiving similar interventions who do not participate
Outpatient versus inpatient induction of labour for improving birth outcomes
Outreach and Early Warning Systems (EWS) for the prevention of Intensive Care admission and death of critically ill adult patients on general hospital wards
withdrawn
Ovarian ablation for early breast cancer
Ovarian stimulation protocols (anti-oestrogens, gonadotrophins with and without GnRH agonists/antagonists) for intrauterine insemination (IUI) in women with subfertility
Updated
Over-the-counter (OTC) medications to reduce cough as an adjunct to antibiotics for acute pneumonia in children and adults
Over-the-counter medications for acute cough in children and adults in ambulatory settings
Overground physical therapy gait training for chronic stroke patients with mobility deficits
withdrawn
Ovulation induction with urinary follicle stimulating hormone versus human menopausal gonadotropin for clomiphene-resistant polycystic ovary syndrome
Ovulation suppression for endometriosis for women with subfertility
Ovulation triggers in anovulatory women undergoing ovulation induction
Oxatomide for stable asthma in adults and children
Oxcarbazepine add-on for drug-resistant partial epilepsy
Oxcarbazepine in the maintenance treatment of bipolar disorder
Oxcarbazepine versus carbamazepine monotherapy for partial onset seizures
Oxcarbazepine versus phenytoin monotherapy for epilepsy
Oximes for acute organophosphate pesticide poisoning
Oxygen therapy during exercise training in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Oxygen therapy for cystic fibrosis
Oxygen therapy for dyspnoea in adults
Oxygen therapy for lower respiratory tract infections in children between 3 months and 15 years of age
Oxygen therapy in the pre-hospital setting for acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Oxytocin agonists for preventing postpartum haemorrhage
withdrawn
Oxytocin for prelabour rupture of membranes at or near term
Oxytocin receptor antagonists for inhibiting preterm labour
Ozone therapy for the treatment of dental caries
Package of care for active management in labour for reducing caesarean section rates in low-risk women
Pain control in first trimester surgical abortion
Pain management for sickle cell disease in children and adults
Pain relief for neonatal circumcision
Pain relief for the removal of femoral sheath in interventional cardiology adult patients
Pain relief in hysterosalpingography
Palliation of metastatic bone pain: single fraction versus multifraction radiotherapy
Palliative biliary stents for obstructing pancreatic carcinoma
Palliative chemotherapy for advanced or metastatic colorectal cancer
Palliative cytoreductive surgery versus other palliative treatments in patients with unresectable liver metastases from gastro-entero-pancreatic neuroendocrine tumours
Palliative endobronchial brachytherapy for non-small cell lung cancer
Palliative radiotherapy regimens for non-small cell lung cancer
Pancreatic enzymes for chronic pancreatitis
Pancreaticoduodenectomy (classic Whipple) versus pylorus-preserving pancreaticoduodenectomy (pp Whipple) for surgical treatment of periampullary and pancreatic carcinoma
Paracervical local anaesthesia for cervical dilatation and uterine intervention
Paracetamol for pain relief after surgical removal of lower wisdom teeth
Paracetamol versus nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs for rheumatoid arthritis
Paracetamol versus placebo or physical methods for treating fever in children
Paraprofessionals for anxiety and depressive disorders
Parasympathomimetic drugs for the treatment of salivary gland dysfunction due to radiotherapy
Parent-initiated oral corticosteroid therapy for intermittent wheezing illnesses in children
Parent-mediated early intervention for young children with autism spectrum disorder
Parent-training programmes for improving parental psychosocial health
Parenteral anticoagulation for prolonging survival in patients with cancer who have no other indication for anticoagulation
Parenteral calcium for intensive care unit patients
Parenting interventions for the prevention of unintentional injuries in childhood
New
Partial exchange transfusion to prevent neurodevelopmental disability in infants with polycythemia
Partial liquid ventilation for preventing death and morbidity in adults with acute lung injury and acute respiratory distress syndrome
Partial liquid ventilation for the prevention of mortality and morbidity in paediatric acute lung injury and acute respiratory distress syndrome
Passiflora for anxiety disorder
Patch angioplasty versus primary closure for carotid endarterectomy
Patches of different types for carotid patch angioplasty
Patching for corneal abrasion
Patient controlled intravenous opioid analgesia versus continuous epidural analgesia for pain after intra-abdominal surgery
Patient controlled opioid analgesia versus conventional opioid analgesia for postoperative pain
Patient education for adults with rheumatoid arthritis
withdrawn
Patient education for mechanical neck disorders
Patient education for neck pain with or without radiculopathy
Patient education for preventing diabetic foot ulceration
Patient isolation measures for infants with candida colonization or infection for preventing or reducing transmission of candida in neonatal units
Patient reminder and recall systems to improve immunization rates
Patient support and education for promoting adherence to highly active antiretroviral therapy for HIV/AIDS
Peer review for improving the quality of grant applications
Peer support telephone calls for improving health
Pelargonium sidoides extract for acute respiratory tract infections
Pelvic floor muscle training for prevention and treatment of urinary and faecal incontinence in antenatal and postnatal women
withdrawn
Pelvic floor muscle training for urinary incontinence in women
Pelvic floor muscle training versus no treatment, or inactive control treatments, for urinary incontinence in women
Pelvimetry for fetal cephalic presentations at or near term
Pemetrexed disodium in combination with cisplatin versus other cytotoxic agents or supportive care for the treatment of malignant pleural mesothelioma
Penfluridol for schizophrenia
Penicillamine for treating rheumatoid arthritis
Penicillin for secondary prevention of rheumatic fever
Pentoxifylline for alcoholic hepatitis
Pentoxifylline for diabetic retinopathy
Pentoxifylline for treating venous leg ulcers
Pentoxifylline for treatment of sepsis and necrotizing enterocolitis in neonates
Pentoxifylline versus medical therapies for subfertile women with endometriosis
Pentoxifylline, propentofylline and pentifylline for acute ischaemic stroke
Perazine for schizophrenia
Percutaneous central venous catheters versus peripheral cannulae for delivery of parenteral nutrition in neonates
Percutaneous needle aspiration, injection, and reaspiration with or without benzimidazole coverage for uncomplicated hepatic hydatid cysts
Percutaneous pinning for treating distal radial fractures in adults
Percutaneous transluminal angioplasty and stenting for carotid artery stenosis
Percutaneous transluminal angioplasty and stenting for vertebral artery stenosis
Percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty with stents versus coronary artery bypass grafting for people with stable angina or acute coronary syndromes
Percutaneous transluminal rotational atherectomy for coronary artery disease
Percutanous ethanol injection or percutaneous acetic acid injection for early hepatocellular carcinoma
Pergolide for levodopa-induced complications in Parkinson's disease
Pergolide versus bromocriptine for levodopa-induced complications in Parkinson's disease
Peri-implantation glucocorticoid administration for assisted reproductive technology cycles
Peri-operative glycaemic control regimens for preventing surgical site infections in adults
Peribulbar versus retrobulbar anaesthesia for cataract surgery
Periconceptional supplementation with folate and/or multivitamins for preventing neural tube defects
Perioperative blood transfusions for the recurrence of colorectal cancer
Perioperative fluid volume optimization following proximal femoral fracture
Perioperative ketamine for acute postoperative pain
Perioperative local anaesthesia for reducing pain following tonsillectomy
Peripheral retinal ablation for threshold retinopathy of prematurity in preterm infants
Periurethral injection therapy for urinary incontinence in women
Permissive hypercapnia for the prevention of morbidity and mortality in mechanically ventilated newborn infants
Perphenazine for schizophrenia
Personal assistance for adults (19-64) with both physical and intellectual impairments
Personal assistance for adults (19-64) with physical impairments
Personal assistance for children and adolescents (0-18) with both physical and intellectual impairments
Personal assistance for children and adolescents (0-18) with intellectual impairments
Personal assistance for children and adolescents (0-18) with physical impairments
Personal assistance for older adults (65+) without dementia
Personalised risk communication for informed decision making about taking screening tests
Pet allergen control measures for allergic asthma in children and adults
Pharmaceutical interventions for emotionalism after stroke
Pharmaceutical policies: effects of cap and co-payment on rational drug use
Pharmaceutical policies: effects of financial incentives for prescribers
Pharmaceutical policies: effects of reference pricing, other pricing, and purchasing policies
Pharmacologic Interventions for Pregnant Women Enrolled in Alcohol Treatment
Pharmacologic therapies for adults with acute lung injury and acute respiratory distress syndrome
Pharmacological and nutritional treatment for McArdle disease (Glycogen Storage Disease type V)
Pharmacological cardioversion for atrial fibrillation and flutter
Pharmacological interventions for benzodiazepine mono-dependence management in outpatient settings
Pharmacological interventions for borderline personality disorder
Pharmacological interventions for clozapine-induced hypersalivation
Pharmacological interventions for epilepsy in people with intellectual disabilities
Pharmacological interventions for hypertensive emergencies
Pharmacological interventions for ischaemia reperfusion injury in liver resection surgery performed under vascular control
Pharmacological interventions for non-ulcer dyspepsia
Pharmacological interventions for preventing complications in idiopathic hypercalciuria
Pharmacological interventions for recurrent abdominal pain (RAP) and irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) in childhood
Pharmacological interventions for spasticity following spinal cord injury
Pharmacological interventions for treating acute heterotopic ossification
Pharmacological interventions to decrease blood loss and blood transfusion requirements for liver resection
Pharmacological interventions versus no pharmacological intervention for ischaemia reperfusion injury in liver resection surgery performed under vascular control
Pharmacological management for agitation and aggression in people with acquired brain injury
Pharmacological treatment for aphasia following stroke
Pharmacological treatment for Kleine-Levin Syndrome
Pharmacological treatment for psychotic depression
Pharmacological treatments for psychosis-related polydipsia
Pharmacological treatments to prevent epilepsy following traumatic head injury
Pharmacotherapy and psychotherapy for body dysmorphic disorder
Pharmacotherapy augmentation strategies in treatment-resistant anxiety disorders
Pharmacotherapy for anxiety disorders in children and adolescents
Pharmacotherapy for Behcet's syndrome
Pharmacotherapy for dysthymia
Pharmacotherapy for hypertension in the elderly
Pharmacotherapy for hypertension in women of different races
Pharmacotherapy for patellofemoral pain syndrome
Pharmacotherapy for post traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)
Pharmacotherapy for social anxiety disorder
Pharmacotherapy for weight loss in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus
Phenobarbital prior to preterm birth for preventing neonatal periventricular haemorrhage
Updated
Phenobarbitone versus phenytoin monotherapy for partial onset seizures and generalized onset tonic-clonic seizures
Phenytoin versus valproate monotherapy for partial onset seizures and generalized onset tonic-clonic seizures
Phlebotonics for venous insufficiency
Phosphodiesterase five inhibitors for pulmonary hypertension
Phosphodiesterase III inhibitors for heart failure
Phosphodiesterase inhibitors for erectile dysfunction in patients with diabetes mellitus
Photodynamic therapy for neovascular age-related macular degeneration
Photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) versus laser assisted in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) for hyperopia correction
Photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) versus laser-assisted in-situ keratomileusis (LASIK) for myopia
Physical activity and enhanced fitness to improve cognitive function in older people without known cognitive impairment
Physical activity programs for persons with dementia
Physical activity programs for promoting bone mineralization and growth in preterm infants
Updated
Physical conditioning programs for improving work outcomes in workers with back pain
Physical exercise for sleep problems in adults aged 60+
Physical fitness training for stroke patients
Updated
Physical interventions to interrupt or reduce the spread of respiratory viruses
Physical measures for treating depression in dialysis patients
withdrawn
Physical medicine modalities for mechanical neck disorders
Physical methods for preventing deep vein thrombosis in stroke
Physical methods versus drug placebo or no treatment for managing fever in children
withdrawn
Physical therapies for prevention of urinary and faecal incontinence in adults
Physical therapies for reducing and controlling lymphoedema of the limbs
Physical therapy for Bell´s palsy (idiopathic facial paralysis)
Physical training for asthma
Physical training for bronchiectasis
Physical training for cystic fibrosis
Physical training for interstitial lung disease
Physician advice for smoking cessation
withdrawn
Physiotherapist-led programmes and interventions for rehabilitation of anterior cruciate ligament, medial collateral ligament and meniscal injuries of the knee in adults
Physiotherapy for Parkinson's disease: a comparison of techniques
Physiotherapy interventions for ankylosing spondylitis
Physiotherapy interventions for shoulder pain
Physiotherapy treatment approaches for the recovery of postural control and lower limb function following stroke
Physiotherapy versus placebo or no intervention in Parkinson's disease
Physostigmine for dementia due to Alzheimer's disease
Phytoestrogens for vasomotor menopausal symptoms
Phytomedicines (medicines derived from plants) for sickle cell disease
Pimozide for schizophrenia or related psychoses
Pimozide for tics in Tourette's syndrome
Pin site care for preventing infections associated with external bone fixators and pins
Pioglitazone for type 2 diabetes mellitus
Piracetam for acute ischaemic stroke
Piracetam for dementia or cognitive impairment
Piracetam for fetal distress in labour
Piracetam for reducing the incidence of painful sickle cell disease crises
Pit and fissure sealants for preventing dental decay in the permanent teeth of children and adolescents
Pit and fissure sealants versus fluoride varnishes for preventing dental decay in children and adolescents
Updated
Placebo interventions for all clinical conditions
Placental cord drainage after vaginal delivery as part of the management of the third stage of labour
Planned caesarean section for term breech delivery
Planned early birth versus expectant management (waiting) for prelabour rupture of membranes at term (37 weeks or more)
Planned elective repeat caesarean section versus planned vaginal birth for women with a previous caesarean birth
Plasma exchange for chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy
Plasma exchange for Guillain-Barré syndrome
Plasma exchange for myasthenia gravis
Plasma volume expansion for suspected impaired fetal growth
Plasma volume expansion for treatment of pre-eclampsia
Platelet glycoprotein IIb/IIIa blockers during percutaneous coronary intervention and as the initial medical treatment of non-ST segment elevation acute coronary syndromes
Platelet-rich-plasmapheresis for minimising peri-operative allogeneic blood transfusion
Platinum containing regimens for metastatic breast cancer
Platinum versus non-platinum chemotherapy regimens for small cell lung cancer
Pleurodesis for malignant pleural effusions
Updated
Plugs for containing faecal incontinence
Pneumococcal conjugate vaccines for preventing otitis media
Pneumococcal conjugate vaccines for preventing vaccine-type invasive pneumococcal disease and X-ray defined pneumonia in children less than two years of age
Pneumococcal vaccination during pregnancy for preventing infant infection
Updated
Pneumococcal vaccine for asthma
Pneumococcal vaccines for children and adults with bronchiectasis
Pneumococcal vaccines for sickle cell disease
Policy interventions implemented through sporting organisations for promoting healthy behaviour change
Polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies for treating acute rejection episodes in kidney transplant recipients
Polymer-based oral rehydration solution for treating acute watery diarrhoea
Polysaccharide vaccines for preventing serogroup A meningococcal meningitis
Updated
Polyunsaturated fatty acid supplementation for schizophrenia
Pool fencing for preventing drowning in children
Population-based interventions for reducing sexually transmitted infections, including HIV infection
Population-based interventions for the prevention of fall-related injuries in older people
Portosystemic shunts versus endoscopic therapy for variceal rebleeding in patients with cirrhosis
Position in the second stage of labour for women without epidural anaesthesia
Positioning for acute respiratory distress in hospitalised infants and children
Positive end-expiratory pressure for resuscitation of newborn infants at birth
Positive expiratory pressure physiotherapy for airway clearance in people with cystic fibrosis
Post-embryo transfer interventions for in vitro fertilization and intracytoplasmic sperm injection patients
Post-licence driver education for the prevention of road traffic crashes
Post-operative radiotherapy for ductal carcinoma in situ of the breast
Post-operative therapy for metacarpophalangeal arthroplasty
Posterior versus lateral surgical approach for total hip arthroplasty in adults with osteoarthritis
Updated
Postnatal parental education for optimizing infant general health and parent-infant relationships
Postnatal phenobarbital for the prevention of intraventricular hemorrhage in preterm infants
Postnatal thyroid hormones for preterm infants with transient hypothyroxinaemia
Postnatal thyroid hormones for respiratory distress syndrome in preterm infants
Postoperative 5-Fluorouracil for glaucoma surgery
Postoperative procedures for improving fertility following pelvic reproductive surgery
Postoperative radiotherapy for non-small cell lung cancer
Posture and fluids for preventing post-dural puncture headache
Potassium containing toothpastes for dentine hypersensitivity
Potassium supplementation for the management of primary hypertension in adults
Pramipexole for levodopa-induced complications in Parkinson's disease
Pramipexole versus bromocriptine for levodopa-induced complications in Parkinson's disease
Prazosin and other alpha blockers for Raynaud's phenomenon in progressive systemic sclerosis
Pre and peri-operative erythropoeitin for reducing allogeneic blood transfusions in colorectal cancer surgery.
Pre and post operative medical therapy for endometriosis surgery
Pre-admission antibiotics for suspected cases of meningococcal disease
Pre-discharge "car seat challenge" for preventing morbidity and mortality in preterm infants
Pre-emptive treatment for cytomegalovirus viraemia to prevent cytomegalovirus disease in solid organ transplant recipients
Pre-operative autologous donation for minimising perioperative allogeneic blood transfusion
Pre-operative education for hip or knee replacement
Pre-operative endometrial thinning agents before endometrial destruction for heavy menstrual bleeding
Pre-operative GnRH analogue therapy before hysterectomy or myomectomy for uterine fibroids
Pre-operative radiotherapy and curative surgery for the management of localized rectal carcinoma
Pre-operative traction for fractures of the proximal femur in adults
Prebiotics in infants for prevention of allergic disease and food hypersensitivity
Preconception and antenatal screening for the fragile site on the X-chromosome
Preconception counselling for women with epilepsy to reduce adverse pregnancy outcome
Preformed metal crowns for decayed primary molar teeth
Pregabalin add-on for drug-resistant partial epilepsy
Pregabalin for acute and chronic pain in adults
Preimplantation genetic screening for abnormal number of chromosomes (aneuploidies) in in vitro fertilisation or intracytoplasmic sperm injection
Premedication for anxiety in adult day surgery
Prenatal administration of progesterone for preventing preterm birth in women considered to be at risk of preterm birth
Prenatal education for congenital toxoplasmosis
Preoperative bathing or showering with skin antiseptics to prevent surgical site infection
Preoperative biliary drainage for obstructive jaundice
Preoperative blood transfusions for sickle cell disease
Preoperative chemoradiation versus radiation alone for stage II and III resectable rectal cancer
Preoperative chemotherapy for resectable thoracic esophageal cancer
Preoperative chemotherapy for women with operable breast cancer
Preoperative fasting for adults to prevent perioperative complications
Preoperative fasting for preventing perioperative complications in children
Preoperative hair removal to reduce surgical site infection
Preoperative intra aortic balloon pumps in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting
Preoperative radiotherapy for esophageal carcinoma
Preoperative skin antiseptics for preventing surgical wound infections after clean surgery
Updated
Preoxygenation for tracheal suctioning in intubated, ventilated newborn infants
Prescription of prosthetic ankle-foot mechanisms after lower limb amputation
Pressure modification for improving usage of continuous positive airway pressure machines in adults with obstructive sleep apnoea
Pressure-relieving interventions for treating diabetic foot ulcers
Pressurised metered dose inhalers versus all other hand-held inhaler devices to deliver beta-2 agonist bronchodilators for non-acute asthma
Pressurised metered-dose inhalers versus all other hand-held inhalers devices to deliver bronchodilators for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Preventing occupational stress in healthcare workers
Prevention and treatment of cryptosporidiosis in immunocompromised patients
Prevention and treatment of postpartum hypertension
Prevention of infection in arterial reconstruction
Updated
Prevention of NSAID-induced gastroduodenal ulcers
Prevention of recurrent miscarriage for women with antiphospholipid antibody or lupus anticoagulant
Primaquine for preventing relapses in people with Plasmodium vivax malaria
withdrawn
Primary angioplasty versus intravenous thrombolysis for acute myocardial infarction
Primary care based clinics for asthma
Primary closure versus T-tube drainage after laparoscopic common bile duct stone exploration
Primary closure versus T-tube drainage after open common bile duct exploration
Primary groin irradiation versus primary groin surgery for early vulvar cancer
Primary prevention for alcohol misuse in young people
Primary repair for penetrating colon injuries
Primary stenting versus primary balloon angioplasty for treating acute myocardial infarction
New
Primary surgery versus primary radiation therapy with or without chemotherapy for early adenocarcinoma of the uterine cervix
withdrawn
Printed educational materials: effects on professional practice and health care outcomes
Printed educational materials: effects on professional practice and health care outcomes
Probiotics for induction of remission in Crohn's disease
Probiotics for induction of remission in ulcerative colitis
Probiotics for maintenance of remission in Crohn's disease
Probiotics for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and/or steatohepatitis
Probiotics for preventing preterm labour
Probiotics for prevention of necrotizing enterocolitis in preterm infants
Probiotics for the prevention of pediatric antibiotic-associated diarrhea
Probiotics for the treatment of bacterial vaginosis
Probiotics for treating eczema
Probiotics for treating infectious diarrhoea
Probiotics for treatment of Clostridium difficile-associated colitis in adults
Probiotics in infants for prevention of allergic disease and food hypersensitivity
Problem solving skills for schizophrenia
Procaine treatments for cognition and dementia
Processed versus fresh frozen bone for impaction bone grafting in revision hip arthroplasty
Progestagens and anti-progestagens for pain associated with endometriosis
Progestagens for endometrial cancer
New
Progestational agents for treating threatened or established preterm labour
Progesterone for premenstrual syndrome
Progesterone for preventing pre-eclampsia and its complications
Progesterone or progestogen-releasing intrauterine systems for heavy menstrual bleeding
New
Progestin-only pills for contraception
Progestogen for preventing miscarriage
Progestogen for treating threatened miscarriage
Progestogen-releasing intrauterine systems versus other forms of reversible contraceptives for contraception
Progestogens in combined oral contraceptives for contraception
Progestogens versus oestrogens and progestogens for irregular uterine bleeding associated with anovulation
Progressive resistance strength training for improving physical function in older adults
Progressive resistive exercise interventions for adults living with HIV/AIDS
Prolonged antibiotics for purulent bronchiectasis in children and adults
Prolonged thromboprophylaxis with Low Molecular Weight heparin for abdominal or pelvic surgery
Prolonged versus short course of indomethacin for the treatment of patent ductus arteriosus in preterm infants
Prolotherapy injections for chronic low-back pain
Prompted voiding for the management of urinary incontinence in adults
Prompts to encourage appointment attendance for people with serious mental illness
Propentofylline for dementia
Prophylactic anastomotic drainage for colorectal surgery
Prophylactic animal derived surfactant extract for preventing morbidity and mortality in preterm infants
Prophylactic anti-staphylococcal antibiotics for cystic fibrosis
Prophylactic antibiotic administration in pregnancy to prevent infectious morbidity and mortality
Prophylactic antibiotic therapy for chronic bronchitis
Prophylactic antibiotics for inhibiting preterm labour with intact membranes
Prophylactic antibiotics for manual removal of retained placenta in vaginal birth
Prophylactic antibiotics for penetrating abdominal trauma
Prophylactic antibiotics for preventing early central venous catheter Gram positive infections in oncology patients
Prophylactic antibiotics for preventing pneumococcal infection in children with sickle cell disease
Prophylactic antibiotics for transcervical intrauterine procedures
Prophylactic antibiotics or G-CSF for the prevention of infections and improvement of survival in cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy
Prophylactic antibiotics to prevent surgical site infection after breast cancer surgery
Prophylactic antibiotics to reduce morbidity and mortality in neonates with umbilical artery catheters
Prophylactic antibiotics to reduce morbidity and mortality in neonates with umbilical venous catheters
Prophylactic antibiotics to reduce morbidity and mortality in ventilated newborn infants
Prophylactic caffeine to prevent postoperative apnea following general anesthesia in preterm infants
withdrawn
Prophylactic corticosteroids for preterm birth
Prophylactic cranial irradiation for preventing brain metastases in patients undergoing radical treatment for non-small cell lung cancer
Prophylactic doxapram for the prevention of morbidity and mortality in preterm infants undergoing endotracheal extubation
Prophylactic ergometrine-oxytocin versus oxytocin for the third stage of labour
Prophylactic intravenous indometacin for preventing mortality and morbidity in preterm infants
Prophylactic intravenous preloading for regional analgesia in labour
Prophylactic mastectomy for the prevention of breast cancer
Prophylactic methylxanthine for prevention of apnea in preterm infants
Prophylactic methylxanthines for extubation in preterm infants
Prophylactic nasal continuous positive airway pressure for preventing morbidity and mortality in very preterm infants
Prophylactic nasogastric decompression after abdominal surgery
Prophylactic oral betamimetics for preventing preterm labour in singleton pregnancies
Prophylactic oral betamimetics for reducing preterm birth in women with a twin pregnancy
Prophylactic oral/topical non-absorbed antifungal agents to prevent invasive fungal infection in very low birth weight infants
Prophylactic oxytocin for the third stage of labour
Prophylactic platelet transfusion for prevention of haemorrhage after chemotherapy and stem cell transplantation
Prophylactic postnatal thyroid hormones for prevention of morbidity and mortality in preterm infants
Updated
Prophylactic protein free synthetic surfactant for preventing morbidity and mortality in preterm infants
Prophylactic steroids for pediatric open heart surgery
Prophylactic surgical ligation of patent ductus arteriosus for prevention of mortality and morbidity in extremely low birth weight infants
Prophylactic systemic antibiotics to reduce morbidity and mortality in neonates with central venous catheters
Prophylactic systemic antifungal agents to prevent mortality and morbidity in very low birth weight infants
Prophylactic use of ergot alkaloids in the third stage of labour
Prophylactic versus selective antibiotics for term newborn infants of mothers with risk factors for neonatal infection
withdrawn
Prophylactic versus selective blood transfusion for sickle cell anaemia during pregnancy
Prophylactic versus selective use of surfactant in preventing morbidity and mortality in preterm infants
Prophylactic versus therapeutic amnioinfusion for oligohydramnios in labour
Prophylactic vitamin K for vitamin K deficiency bleeding in neonates
Prophylaxis for Pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP) in non-HIV immunocompromised patients
Prophylaxis for venous thromboembolic disease in pregnancy and the early postnatal period
Propofol for sedation during colonoscopy
Propranolol for migraine prophylaxis
Propylthiouracil for alcoholic liver disease
Prostacyclin and analogues for acute ischaemic stroke
Prostacyclin for pulmonary hypertension in adults
Prostaglandin E1 for treatment of erectile dysfunction
withdrawn
Prostaglandins for prelabour rupture of membranes at or near term
Prostaglandins for preventing postpartum haemorrhage
withdrawn
Prostaglandins versus oxytocin for prelabour rupture of membranes at or near term
withdrawn
Prostaglandins versus oxytocin for prelabour rupture of membranes at term
New
Prostanoids for critical limb ischaemia
Prostanoids for intermittent claudication
Prosthetic rehabilitation for older dysvascular people following a unilateral transfemoral amputation
Protein and energy supplementation in elderly people at risk from malnutrition
Protein containing synthetic surfactant versus animal derived surfactant extract for the prevention and treatment of respiratory distress syndrome
Protein free synthetic surfactant for respiratory distress syndrome in preterm infants
Protein restriction for children with chronic kidney disease
Protein restriction for diabetic renal disease
Protein substitute for children and adults with phenylketonuria
Protein supplementation of human milk for promoting growth in preterm infants
Protein-containing synthetic surfactant versus protein-free synthetic surfactant for the prevention and treatment of respiratory distress syndrome
Proton pump inhibitor treatment for acute peptic ulcer bleeding
Updated
Proton pump inhibitor treatment initiated prior to endoscopic diagnosis in upper gastrointestinal bleeding
Psychoeducation for schizophrenia
Psychological and educational interventions for atopic eczema in children
Psychological and/or educational interventions for reducing alcohol consumption in pregnant women and women planning pregnancy
Psychological and/or educational interventions for the prevention of depression in children and adolescents (23rd July 2008 - converted to RevMan5)
Psychological debriefing for preventing post traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)
Psychological interventions for adults with asthma
Psychological interventions for children with asthma
Psychological interventions for coronary heart disease
Psychological interventions for depression in adolescent and adult congenital heart disease
Psychological interventions for depression in heart failure
Psychological interventions for multiple sclerosis
Psychological interventions for needle-related procedural pain and distress in children and adolescents
Psychological interventions for non-ulcer dyspepsia
Psychological interventions for overweight or obesity
Psychological interventions for people with cystic fibrosis and their families
Updated
Psychological interventions for symptomatic management of non-specific chest pain in patients with normal coronary anatomy
withdrawn
Psychological interventions for those who have sexually offended or are at risk of offending
Psychological interventions for women with metastatic breast cancer
Psychological interventions to improve adherence to oral hygiene instructions in adults with periodontal diseases
Psychological therapies for generalised anxiety disorder
Psychological therapies for people with borderline personality disorder
Updated
Psychological therapies for sickle cell disease and pain
Psychological therapies for thalassaemia
Psychological therapies for the management of chronic and recurrent pain in children and adolescents
Psychological therapies for the management of chronic pain (excluding headache) in adults
Psychological treatment for anxiety in people with traumatic brain injury
Psychological treatment of chronic post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)
Psychological treatments for bulimia nervosa and binging
Psychological treatments for epilepsy
Psychological treatments for the management of irritable bowel syndrome
Psychological treatments versus treatment as usual for obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD)
Psychosocial and pharmacological treatments for deliberate self harm
Psychosocial and pharmacological treatments versus pharmacological treatments for opioid detoxification
Psychosocial and psychological interventions for preventing postpartum depression
Psychosocial and psychological interventions for treating antenatal depression
Psychosocial and psychological interventions for treating postpartum depression
Psychosocial combined with agonist maintenance treatments versus agonist maintenance treatments alone for treatment of opioid dependence
Psychosocial interventions by general practitioners
Psychosocial interventions for cocaine and psychostimulant amphetamines related disorders
Psychosocial interventions for conversion disorder
Psychosocial interventions for depression in dialysis patients
Psychosocial interventions for erectile dysfunction
Psychosocial interventions for people with both severe mental illness and substance misuse
Psychosocial interventions for pregnant women in outpatient illicit drug treatment programs compared to other interventions
Psychosocial interventions for prevention of psychological disorders in law enforcement officers
Psychosocial interventions for recurrent abdominal pain (RAP) and irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) in childhood
Psychosocial interventions for reducing fatigue during cancer treatment in adults
New
Psychosocial interventions for reducing injection and sexual risk behaviour for preventing HIV in drug users
Psychosocial interventions for smoking cessation in patients with coronary heart disease
Psychosocial interventions for the prevention of disability following traumatic physical injury
Psychosocial interventions for women enrolled in alcohol treatment during pregnancy.
Psychosocial treatment for opiate abuse and dependence
Psychostimulants for depression
Psychostimulants for hypersomnia (excessive daytime sleepiness) in myotonic dystrophy
Psychotherapeutic interventions for cannabis abuse and/or dependence in outpatient settings
Psychotherapeutic treatments for older depressed people
Psychotherapies for hypochondriasis
Psychotherapy for depression among incurable cancer patients
Psychotropic analgesic nitrous oxide for alcoholic withdrawal states
Publication bias in clinical trials due to statistical significance or direction of trial results
Puerarin for acute ischaemic stroke
Puerarin injection for unstable angina pectoris
Pulmonary artery catheters for adult patients in intensive care
Pulmonary rehabilitation following exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Pulmonary rehabilitation for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Pulp management for caries in adults: maintaining pulp vitality
Pulp treatment for extensive decay in primary teeth
Pulsatile gonadotrophin releasing hormone for ovulation induction in subfertility associated with polycystic ovary syndrome
Pulse oximetry for perioperative monitoring
Purine Antagonists for Chronic Lymphocytic Leukaemia
Pygeum africanum for benign prostatic hyperplasia
Pyridoxine (vitamin B6) supplementation in pregnancy
Quality of life after rectal resection for cancer, with or without permanent colostomy.
Quantitative versus qualitative cultures of respiratory secretions for clinical outcomes in patients with ventilator-associated pneumonia
Quetiapine for schizophrenia
New
Quetiapine versus other atypical antipsychotics for schizophrenia
Quinolones for uncomplicated acute cystitis in women
Quit and Win contests for smoking cessation
Radiant warmers versus incubators for regulating body temperature in newborn infants
Radical radiotherapy for stage I/II non-small cell lung cancer in patients not sufficiently fit for or declining surgery (medically inoperable)
Radiofrequency denervation for neck and back pain
Radiofrequency thermal ablation versus other interventions for hepatocellular carcinoma
Radioiodine therapy for differentiated thyroid carcinoma with thyroglobulin positive and radioactive iodine negative metastases
Radioiodine treatment for pediatric Graves' disease
Radioisotopes for metastatic bone pain
withdrawn
Radiotherapy for early breast cancer
Radiotherapy for malignant pleural mesothelioma
Radiotherapy for neovascular age-related macular degeneration
Radiotherapy for the palliation of painful bone metastases
Radiotherapy versus open surgery versus endolaryngeal surgery (with or without laser) for early laryngeal squamous cell cancer
Randomisation to protect against selection bias in healthcare trials
Rapid correction of early metabolic acidaemia in comparison with placebo, no intervention or slow correction in LBW infants
Rapid versus slow withdrawal of antiepileptic drugs
Rapid versus stepwise negative pressure application for vacuum extraction assisted vaginal delivery
Rapid viral diagnosis for acute febrile respiratory illness in children in the Emergency Department
Reading aids for adults with low vision
withdrawn
Reality orientation for dementia
Recall intervals for oral health in primary care patients
Recombinant Factor VIIa concentrate versus plasma derived concentrates for the treatment of acute bleeding episodes in people with Haemophilia and inhibitors
Recombinant factor VIIa for the prevention and treatment of bleeding in patients without haemophilia
Recombinant FSH versus urinary gonadotrophins or recombinant FSH for ovulation induction in subfertility associated with polycystic ovary syndrome
Recombinant growth hormone for children and adolescents with Turner syndrome
Recombinant growth hormone for idiopathic short stature in children and adolescents
Recombinant growth hormone therapy for X-linked hypophosphatemia in children
Recombinant human activated protein C for severe sepsis in neonates
Recombinant human erythropoietin for chronic renal failure anaemia in pre-dialysis patients
Recombinant human insulin-like growth factor I (rhIGF-I) for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis/motor neuron disease
Recombinant interferon beta or glatiramer acetate for delaying conversion of the first demyelinating event to multiple sclerosis
Recombinant Luteinizing Hormone (rLH) for controlled ovarian hyperstimulation in assisted reproductive cycles
withdrawn
Recombinant versus urinary follicle stimulating hormone for ovarian stimulation in assisted reproduction cycles
Recombinant versus urinary human chorionic gonadotrophin for final oocyte maturation triggering in ART cycles
Updated
Recompression and adjunctive therapy for decompression illness
Reconstructive Techniques After Rectal Resection for Rectal Cancer
Recordings or summaries of consultations for people with cancer
Recruitment manoeuvres for adults with acute lung injury receiving mechanical ventilation
New
Rectal 5-aminosalicylic acid for induction of remission in ulcerative colitis
Rectal analgesia for pain from perineal trauma following childbirth
Red cell transfusion for the management of upper gastrointestinal haemorrhage
Red-light cameras for the prevention of road traffic crashes
Reduced or modified dietary fat for preventing cardiovascular disease
Reduced osmolarity oral rehydration solution for treating cholera
Reduced salt intake compared to normal dietary salt, or high intake, in pregnancy
New
Reducing uncertainties about the effects of chemoradiotherapy for cervical cancer: individual patient data meta-analysis
Updated
Reduction of the number of fetuses for women with triplet and higher order multiple pregnancies
Regimens of fetal surveillance for impaired fetal growth
Regimens of less than six months for treating tuberculosis
Regional (spinal, epidural, caudal) versus general anaesthesia in preterm infants undergoing inguinal herniorrhaphy in early infancy
Regional versus general anaesthesia for caesarean section
Regular self-examination or clinical examination for early detection of breast cancer
New
Regular treatment with formoterol and an inhaled corticosteroid versus regular treatment with salmeterol and an inhaled corticosteroid for chronic asthma: serious adverse events
Regular treatment with formoterol and inhaled steroids for chronic asthma: serious adverse events
Regular treatment with formoterol for chronic asthma: serious adverse events
Regular treatment with formoterol versus regular treatment with salmeterol for chronic asthma: serious adverse events
Regular treatment with long acting beta agonists versus daily regular treatment with short acting beta agonists in adults and children with stable asthma
Regular treatment with salmeterol and inhaled steroids for chronic asthma: serious adverse events
Updated
Regular treatment with salmeterol for chronic asthma: serious adverse events
Rehabilitation after lumbar disc surgery
Rehabilitation after surgery for flexor tendon injuries in the hand
Rehabilitation for ankle fractures in adults
Rehabilitation for distal radial fractures in adults
Rehabilitation for hamstring injuries
Rehabilitation for older people in long-term care
Rehabilitation interventions for foot drop in neuromuscular disease
New
Rehabilitation interventions for improving physical and psychosocial functioning after hip fracture in older people
Reinforcement of anchorage during orthodontic brace treatment with implants or other surgical methods
Relapse prevention interventions for smoking cessation
Relaxation for depression
Relaxation therapies for the management of primary hypertension in adults
Relaxin for cervical ripening and induction of labour
Updated
Remacemide for drug-resistant localization related epilepsy
Reminder packaging for improving adherence to self-administered long-term medications
Reminder systems and late patient tracers in the diagnosis and management of tuberculosis
Reminiscence therapy for dementia
Removal of nail polish and finger rings to prevent surgical infection
Repeat doses of prenatal corticosteroids for women at risk of preterm birth for preventing neonatal respiratory disease
Repeated lumbar or ventricular punctures in newborns with intraventricular hemorrhage
New
Repeated use of pre- and postcoital hormonal contraception for prevention of pregnancy
Repetitive task training for improving functional ability after stroke
Replacement arthroplasty versus internal fixation for extracapsular hip fractures in adults
Replacement of estrogens and progestins to prevent morbidity and mortality in preterm infants
Repositioning for treating pressure ulcers
Rescue high frequency jet ventilation versus conventional ventilation for severe pulmonary dysfunction in preterm infants
Rescue high frequency oscillatory ventilation versus conventional ventilation for pulmonary dysfunction in preterm infants
Resection versus no intervention or other surgical interventions for colorectal cancer liver metastases
Resorbable versus titanium plates for facial fractures
Resorbable versus titanium plates for orthognathic surgery
Respite care for people with dementia and their carers
Rest during pregnancy for preventing pre-eclampsia and its complications in women with normal blood pressure
Restricted versus liberal oxygen exposure for preventing morbidity and mortality in preterm or low birth weight infants
Restricted versus liberal water intake for preventing morbidity and mortality in preterm infants
New
Restricting oral fluid and food intake during labour
Restriction of oral intake of water for aspiration lung disease in children
Retention procedures for stabilising tooth position after treatment with orthodontic braces
Retention versus sacrifice of the posterior cruciate ligament in total knee replacement for treatment of osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis
Retinoids for preventing the progression of cervical intra-epithelial neoplasia
New
Retroperitoneal drainage versus no drainage after pelvic lymphadenectomy for the prevention of lymphocyst formation in patients with gynaecological malignancies
Ribavirin for respiratory syncytial virus infection of the lower respiratory tract in infants and young children
Ribavirin monotherapy for chronic hepatitis C
Updated
Ribavirin plus interferon versus interferon for chronic hepatitis C
withdrawn
Ribavirin with or without alpha interferon for chronic hepatitis C
withdrawn
Rice-based oral rehydration solution for treating diarrhoea
Updated
Rifabutin for treating pulmonary tuberculosis
Riluzole for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)/motor neuron disease (MND)
Rimonabant for overweight or obesity
Risedronate for the primary and secondary prevention of osteoporotic fractures in postmenopausal women
Risk assessment tools for the prevention of pressure ulcers
Updated
Risk of fatal and nonfatal lactic acidosis with metformin use in type 2 diabetes mellitus
Risperidone alone or in combination for acute mania
Risperidone dose for schizophrenia
Risperidone for attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder in people with intellectual disabilities
Risperidone for autism spectrum disorder
Risperidone in long-term treatment for bipolar disorder
Risperidone versus olanzapine for schizophrenia
Risperidone versus other atypical antipsychotic medication for schizophrenia
New
Risperidone versus placebo for schizophrenia
Risperidone versus typical antipsychotic medication for schizophrenia
Rituximab as maintenance therapy for patients with follicular lymphoma
Rivastigmine for Alzheimer's disease
Rivastigmine for dementia in people with Down syndrome
Rivastigmine for vascular cognitive impairment
withdrawn
Rizatriptan for acute migraine
Robot assistant for laparoscopic cholecystectomy
Rocuronium versus succinylcholine for rapid sequence induction intubation
Rofecoxib for osteoarthritis
Rofecoxib for rheumatoid arthritis
Root canal posts for the restoration of root filled teeth
Root coverage procedures for the treatment of localised recession-type defects
Ropinirole for levodopa-induced complications in Parkinson's disease
Ropinirole versus bromocriptine for levodopa-induced complications in Parkinson's disease
New
Roselle for hypertension in adults
Rosiglitazone for type 2 diabetes mellitus
Rotavirus vaccine for preventing diarrhoea
Routine abdominal drainage for uncomplicated laparoscopic cholecystectomy
Routine abdominal drainage for uncomplicated liver resection
Routine abdominal drainage for uncomplicated open cholecystectomy
Routine anticonvulsants for treating cerebral malaria
Routine hospital admission versus out-patient or home care in children at diagnosis of type 1 diabetes mellitus
Routine intracranial pressure monitoring in acute coma
Routine intraoperative ureteric stenting for kidney transplant recipients
Routine or selective carotid artery shunting for carotid endarterectomy (and different methods of monitoring in selective shunting)
Routine perineal shaving on admission in labour
Routine pre-pregnancy health promotion for improving pregnancy outcomes
Routine preoperative medical testing for cataract surgery
Routine prophylactic drugs in normal labour for reducing gastric aspiration and its effects
Routine scale and polish for periodontal health in adults
Routine surgery in addition to chemotherapy for treating spinal tuberculosis
Routine ultrasound in late pregnancy (after 24 weeks' gestation)
Routine versus selective antifungal administration for control of fungal infections in patients with cancer
Rubber band ligation versus excisional haemorrhoidectomy for haemorrhoids
S-adenosyl-L-methionine for alcoholic liver diseases
S-Adenosylmethionine for osteoarthritis of the knee or hip
Sacral nerve stimulation for faecal incontinence and constipation in adults
Sacral neuromodulation with implanted devices for urinary storage and voiding dysfunction in adults
Safety education of pedestrians for injury prevention
Safety of topical corticosteroids in pregnancy
Salicylate for the treatment of Kawasaki disease in children
Sanchi for acute ischaemic stroke
Scalpel versus no-scalpel incision for vasectomy
Updated
Scapular fixation in muscular dystrophy
"Scared Straight" and other juvenile awareness programs for preventing juvenile delinquency
School feeding for improving the physical and psychosocial health of disadvantaged students
School-based driver education for the prevention of traffic crashes
School-based education programmes for the prevention of child sexual abuse
School-based physical activity programs for promoting physical activity and fitness in children and adolescents aged 6-18
School-based prevention for illicit drugs' use
School-based programmes for preventing smoking
School-based secondary prevention programmes for preventing violence
Scopolamine (hyoscine) for preventing and treating motion sickness
Screening and case finding for depression.
Screening for abdominal aortic aneurysm
Screening for breast cancer with mammography
Screening for colorectal cancer using the faecal occult blood test, Hemoccult
Screening for lung cancer
Screening for prevention of optic nerve damage due to chronic open angle glaucoma
Screening for prostate cancer
Screening programmes for the early detection and prevention of oral cancer
Seclusion and restraint for people with serious mental illnesses
Second or third additional chemotherapy drug for non-small cell lung cancer in patients with advanced disease
Second-line chemotherapy for non-small cell lung cancer
Second-line chemotherapy in advanced and metastatic CRC
Sedation of anxious children undergoing dental treatment
Sedation versus general anaesthesia for provision of dental treatment in under 18 year olds
Sedatives for opiate withdrawal in newborn infants
Selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs) for uterine leiomyomas
Selective internal radiation therapy for liver metastases from colorectal cancer
Selective serotonin re-uptake inhibitors (SSRIs) for preventing migraine and tension-type headaches
Selective serotonin re-uptake inhibitors (SSRIs) versus placebo for obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD)
Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) for depressive disorders in children and adolescents
withdrawn
Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) versus other antidepressants for depression
Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors for premenstrual syndrome
Selegiline for Alzheimer's disease
Selenium for alleviating the side effects of chemotherapy, radiotherapy and surgery in cancer patients
Selenium supplementation for asthma
Selenium supplementation for critically ill adults
Selenium supplementation to prevent short-term morbidity in preterm neonates
Self-help and guided self-help for eating disorders
Self-help interventions for smoking cessation
Self-management education and regular practitioner review for adults with asthma
Self-management education for adults with epilepsy
Self-management education for children with epilepsy
Self-management education for patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Self-management education programmes by lay leaders for people with chronic conditions
Self-monitoring of blood glucose in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus who are not using insulin
Semen preparation techniques for intrauterine insemination
Sensory stimulation for brain injured individuals in coma or vegetative state
Sequencing of chemotherapy and radiation therapy for early breast cancer
Sequential combination of glucocorticosteroids and alfa interferon versus alfa interferon alone for HBeAg-positive chronic hepatitis B
Serenoa repens for benign prostatic hyperplasia
Serotonin and noradrenaline reuptake inhibitors (SNRI) for stress urinary incontinence in adults
New
Serotonin receptor antagonists for highly emetogenic chemotherapy in adults
Sertindole for schizophrenia
Sertindole versus other atypical antipsychotics for schizophrenia
Sertraline versus other antidepressive agents for depression
Services for helping acute stroke patients avoid hospital admission
Services for reducing duration of hospital care for acute stroke patients
Servo-control for maintaining abdominal skin temperature at 36C in low birth weight infants
Setting and organization of care for persons living with HIV/AIDS
Sexual intercourse for cervical ripening and induction of labour
New
Shared decision making interventions for people with mental health conditions
Shengmai (a traditional Chinese herbal medicine) for heart failure
Shock wave therapy for lateral elbow pain
Short acting beta2-agonists for bronchiectasis
Short acting beta2-agonists for recurrent wheeze in children under two years of age
Short acting insulin analogues versus regular human insulin in patients with diabetes mellitus
Short course antibiotics for acute otitis media
Short term benefits for laparoscopic colorectal resection
Short term urinary catheter policies following urogenital surgery in adults
Short versus long duration infusions of paclitaxel for any advanced adenocarcinoma
Short versus standard duration antibiotic therapy for acute streptococcal pharyngitis in children
Short versus standard duration oral antibiotic therapy for acute urinary tract infection in children
Short-acting beta2-agonists for stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Short-course versus long-course antibiotic therapy for non-severe community-acquired pneumonia in children aged 2 months to 59 months
Short-term ambulatory oxygen for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Short-term low-dose corticosteroids vs placebo and nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs in rheumatoid arthritis
Short-term psychodynamic psychotherapies for common mental disorders
Updated
Short-term treatment with proton pump inhibitors, H2-receptor antagonists and prokinetics for gastro-oesophageal reflux disease-like symptoms and endoscopy negative reflux disease
Shouldice technique versus other open techniques for inguinal hernia repair
Shunting for normal pressure hydrocephalus (NPH)
Sildenafil for pulmonary hypertension in neonates
Silicon gel sheeting for preventing and treating hypertrophic and keloid scars
Silver acetate for smoking cessation
Silver based wound dressings and topical agents for treating diabetic foot ulcers
Simple aspiration versus intercostal tube drainage for primary spontaneous pneumothorax in adults
Simple behavioural and physical interventions for nocturnal enuresis in children
Single agent versus combination chemotherapy for metastatic breast cancer
Single dose dipyrone for acute postoperative pain
Single dose dipyrone for acute renal colic pain
Single dose oral aceclofenac for postoperative pain in adults
Single dose oral acemetacin for acute postoperative pain in adults
Single dose oral aspirin for acute pain
Single dose oral celecoxib for acute postoperative pain in adults
Single dose oral dexibuprofen [S(+)-ibuprofen] for acute postoperative pain in adults
Single dose oral dextropropoxyphene, alone and with paracetamol (acetaminophen), for postoperative pain
Single dose oral diclofenac for acute postoperative pain in adults
Single dose oral dihydrocodeine for acute postoperative pain
Single dose oral etodolac for acute postoperative pain in adults
Single dose oral etoricoxib for acute postoperative pain in adults
Single dose oral fenbufen for acute postoperative pain in adults
Single dose oral flurbiprofen for acute postoperative pain in adults
Single dose oral ibuprofen for acute postoperative pain in adults
Single dose oral indometacin for the treatment of acute postoperative pain
Single dose oral ketoprofen and dexketoprofen for acute postoperative pain in adults
Single dose oral lornoxicam for acute postoperative pain in adults
Single dose oral lumiracoxib for postoperative pain
Single dose oral meloxicam for acute postoperative pain in adults
Single dose oral nabumetone for acute postoperative pain in adults
Single dose oral naproxen and naproxen sodium for acute postoperative pain in adults
Single dose oral nefopam for acute postoperative pain in adults
Single dose oral oxycodone and oxycodone plus paracetamol (acetaminophen) for acute postoperative pain in adults
Single dose oral paracetamol (acetaminophen) for postoperative pain in adults
Single dose oral paracetamol (acetaminophen) with codeine for postoperative pain in adults
Single dose oral piroxicam for acute postoperative pain
Single dose oral rofecoxib for acute postoperative pain in adults
Single dose oral sulindac for acute postoperative pain in adults
Single dose oral tenoxicam for acute postoperative pain in adults
Single dose oral tiaprofenic acid for acute postoperative pain in adults
Single or double-level anterior interbody fusion techniques for cervical degenerative disc disease
Updated
Single versus combination intravenous antibiotic therapy for people with cystic fibrosis
Single versus double intrauterine insemination (IUI) in stimulated cycles for subfertile couples
Single versus double volume exchange transfusion in jaundiced newborn infants
Single versus multiple visits for endodontic treatment of permanent teeth
withdrawn
Single versus two layer suturing for closing the uterine incision at Caesarean section
Single, double or multiple injection techniques for axillary brachial plexus block for hand, wrist or forearm surgery
Updated
Skin grafting for venous leg ulcers
Skin patch and vaginal ring versus combined oral contraceptives for contraception
Skin preparation with alcohol versus alcohol followed by any antiseptic for preventing bacteraemia or contamination of blood for transfusion
Slow advancement of enteral feed volumes to prevent necrotising enterocolitis in very low birth weight infants
Slow-release fluoride devices for the control of dental decay
Small-incision versus open cholecystectomy for patients with symptomatic cholecystolithiasis
Smart home technologies for health and social care support
Smoking cessation for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Smoking cessation for the secondary prevention of coronary heart disease
Snoezelen for dementia
Social norms interventions to reduce alcohol misuse in University or College students
Sodium bicarbonate infusion during resuscitation of infants at birth
Updated
Sodium channel blockers for cystic fibrosis
Soft versus rigid vacuum extractor cups for assisted vaginal delivery
Somatostatin analogues for acute bleeding oesophageal varices
Soy formula for prevention of allergy and food intolerance in infants
Special care units for dementia individuals with behavioural problems
Specialised antenatal clinics for women with a multiple pregnancy for improving maternal and infant outcomes
Specialist breast care nurses for supportive care of women with breast cancer
withdrawn
Specialist epilepsy nurses for treating epilepsy
Specialist home-based nursing services for children with acute and chronic illnesses
Specialist nurses in diabetes mellitus
Specialist nursing interventions for inflammatory bowel disease
Specialist outreach clinics in primary care and rural hospital settings
Speech and language therapy for aphasia following stroke
Speech and language therapy for dysarthria due to non-progressive brain damage
Speech and language therapy for dysarthria in Parkinson's disease: a comparison of techniques
Speech and language therapy interventions for children with primary speech and language delay or disorder: update
Speech and language therapy to improve the communication skills of children with cerebral palsy
Speech and language therapy versus placebo or no intervention for dysarthria in Parkinson's disease
Speech therapy for children with dysarthria acquired before three years of age
Speed enforcement detection devices for preventing road traffic injuries
Speleotherapy for asthma
Spermicide used alone for contraception
Sphincterotomy for biliary sphincter of Oddi dysfunction
Spinal cord stimulation for chronic pain
Spinal cord stimulation for non-reconstructable chronic critical leg ischaemia
Spinal fixation surgery for acute traumatic spinal cord injury
Spinal immobilisation for trauma patients
Spinal injuries centres (SICs) for acute traumatic spinal cord injury
Spinal manipulation for dysmenorrhoea
Spinal manipulative therapy for low-back pain
Spinal versus epidural anaesthesia for caesarean section
Spironolactone versus placebo or in combination with steroids for hirsutism and/or acne
Splenectomy versus conservative management for acute sequestration crises in people with sickle cell disease
Splints and Orthosis for treating rheumatoid arthritis
Sponge versus diaphragm for contraception
New
Sports and games for post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)
St John's wort for major depression
Stabilisation splint therapy for temporomandibular pain dysfunction syndrome
Staff-led interventions for improving oral hygiene in patients following stroke
Stapled versus conventional surgery for hemorrhoids
Stapled versus handsewn methods for colorectal anastomosis surgery
Stapled versus handsewn methods for ileocolic anastomoses
Statins and fibrates for preventing melanoma
Statins for age-related macular degeneration
Statins for the prevention of dementia
Stavudine, lamivudine and nevirapine combination therapy for treatment of HIV infection and AIDS in adults.
Stem cell treatment for acute myocardial infarction
Steroid avoidance or withdrawal for kidney transplant recipients
Updated
Steroid hormones for contraception in men
Updated
Steroid hormones for contraception in women with sickle cell disease
Steroid sex hormones for lower limb atherosclerosis
Steroid therapy for meconium aspiration syndrome in newborn infants
Steroidal contraceptives: effect on bone fractures in women
Steroidal contraceptives: effect on carbohydrate metabolism in women without diabetes mellitus
Steroids for acute spinal cord injury
Steroids for idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss
Steroids for improving recovery following tonsillectomy in children
Steroids for symptom control in infectious mononucleosis
Steroids for traumatic optic neuropathy
Steroids for treating cerebral malaria
Steroids, radiotherapy, chemotherapy and stents for superior vena caval obstruction in carcinoma of the bronchus
Stimulant laxatives for constipation and soiling in children
Stimulation of the wrist acupuncture point P6 for preventing postoperative nausea and vomiting
Strategies for communicating contraceptive effectiveness
Strategies for detecting colon cancer and/or dysplasia in patients with inflammatory bowel disease
Strategies for increasing the participation of women in community breast cancer screening
Strategies for integrating primary health services in middle- and low-income countries at the point of delivery
Strategies for managing sexual dysfunction induced by antidepressant medication
Strategies for partner notification for sexually transmitted diseases
Strategies for the removal of short-term indwelling urethral catheters in adults
Strategies to improve adherence and acceptability of hormonal methods of contraception
Updated
Strategies to improve recruitment to randomised controlled trials
Street lighting for preventing road traffic injuries
Strength training and aerobic exercise training for muscle disease
Stretching to prevent or reduce muscle soreness after exercise
Strontium ranelate for preventing and treating postmenopausal osteoporosis
Structured treatment interruptions (STI) in chronic suppressed HIV infection in adults
Structured treatment interruptions (STI) in chronic unsuppressed HIV infection in adults
Sub-Tenon's anaesthesia versus topical anaesthesia for cataract surgery
Subcutaneous unfractionated heparin for the initial treatment of venous thromboembolism
Subdermal implantable contraceptives versus other forms of reversible contraceptives or other implants as effective methods for preventing pregnancy
Subjective barriers to prevent wandering of cognitively impaired people
Sublingual immunotherapy for allergic rhinitis
Submacular surgery for choroidal neovascularisation secondary to age-related macular degeneration
Substitution of doctors by nurses in primary care
Substitution treatment of injecting opioid users for prevention of HIV infection
Updated
Sucrose for analgesia in newborn infants undergoing painful procedures
Sugammadex, a selective reversal medication for preventing postoperative residual neuromuscular blockade
Sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine plus artesunate versus sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine plus amodiaquine for treating uncomplicated malaria
Sulfasalazine for ankylosing spondylitis
Sulfasalazine for treating rheumatoid arthritis
New
Sulpiride augmentation for schizophrenia
Sulpiride for schizophrenia
Sulpiride versus placebo for schizophrenia
Superficial heat or cold for low back pain
Superoxide dismutase for preventing chronic lung disease in mechanically ventilated preterm infants
Supervised exercise therapy versus non-supervised exercise therapy for intermittent claudication
Supplemental oxygen for the treatment of prethreshold retinopathy of prematurity
Supplemental perioperative steroids for surgical patients with adrenal insufficiency
Support during pregnancy for women at increased risk of low birthweight babies
Support for breastfeeding mothers
withdrawn
Support for carers of people with Alzheimer's type dementia
Support for mothers, fathers and families after perinatal death
Support surfaces for pressure ulcer prevention
Supported housing for people with severe mental disorders
Updated
Supportive care for patients with gastrointestinal cancer
Supportive devices for preventing and treating subluxation of the shoulder after stroke
Supportive therapy for schizophrenia
New
Surface neuromuscular electrical stimulation for quadriceps strengthening pre and post total knee replacement
Surfactant for meconium aspiration syndrome in term and late preterm infants
Surfactant for pulmonary hemorrhage in neonates
withdrawn
Surfactant therapy for bronchiolitis in critically ill infants
Surgery for cataracts in people with age-related macular degeneration
Surgery for cervical intraepithelial neoplasia
Updated
Surgery for cervical radiculopathy or myelopathy
Surgery for complete rectal prolapse in adults
Surgery for deep venous incompetence
Surgery for degenerative lumbar spondylosis
Surgery for early stage non-small cell lung cancer
Surgery for faecal incontinence in adults
Surgery for lateral elbow pain
New
Surgery for Ménière's disease
Surgery for nonarteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy
Surgery for obesity
Surgery for obstructive sleep apnoea in adults
Surgery for post-vitrectomy cataract
Surgery for primary supratentorial intracerebral haemorrhage
Surgery for rotator cuff disease
Surgery for scoliosis in Duchenne muscular dystrophy
Surgery for small asymptomatic abdominal aortic aneurysms
Surgery for the resolution of symptoms in malignant bowel obstruction in advanced gynaecological and gastrointestinal cancer
Surgery for thumb (trapeziometacarpal joint) osteoarthritis
Surgery for traumatic optic neuropathy
Surgery for tubal infertility
Surgery for varicose veins: use of tourniquet
Surgery or embolization for varicoceles in subfertile men
Surgery versus medical therapy for heavy menstrual bleeding
Surgery versus non-surgical treatment for bronchiectasis
Surgery versus primary endocrine therapy for operable primary breast cancer in elderly women (70 years plus)
Surgery versus radical endotherapies for early cancer and high grade dysplasia in Barrett's oesophagus
Surgery versus radiosurgery for patients with a solitary brain metastasis from non-small cell lung cancer
Surgery versus radiotherapy for muscle invasive bladder cancer
Surgery versus sclerotherapy for the treatment of varicose veins
Surgery versus thrombolysis for initial management of acute limb ischaemia
Surgical approach to hysterectomy for benign gynaecological disease
Surgical approaches and ancillary techniques for internal fixation of intracapsular proximal femoral fractures
Surgical approaches for inserting hemiarthroplasty of the hip
Surgical decompression for cerebral oedema in acute ischaemic stroke
Surgical excision margins for primary cutaneous melanoma
Surgical hand antisepsis to reduce surgical site infection
Surgical implantation of steroids with antiangiogenic characteristics for treating neovascular age-related macular degeneration
Surgical interruption of pelvic nerve pathways for primary and secondary dysmenorrhoea
Surgical interventions for age-related cataract
Surgical interventions for anterior shoulder instability in adults
Surgical interventions for bilateral congenital cataract
Surgical interventions for early squamous cell carcinoma of the vulva
Surgical interventions for lumbar disc prolapse
Surgical interventions for pharyngeal pouch
New
Surgical interventions for the rheumatoid shoulder
withdrawn
Surgical interventions for treating acute Achilles tendon ruptures
Surgical interventions for treating acute fractures or non-union of the middle third of the clavicle
withdrawn
Surgical interventions for treating distal radial fractures in adults
Surgical management of pelvic organ prolapse in women
Surgical methods for first trimester termination of pregnancy
Surgical procedures to evacuate incomplete miscarriage
Surgical resection and whole brain radiation therapy versus whole brain radiation therapy alone for single brain metastases
New
Surgical resection versus non-surgical treatment for hepatic node positive patients with colorectal liver metastases
Updated
Surgical sealant for preventing air leaks after pulmonary resections in patients with lung cancer
Surgical techniques for uterine incision and uterine closure at the time of caesarean section
withdrawn
Surgical treatment for meniscal injuries of the knee in adults
Surgical treatment for the thumb-in-palm deformity in patients with cerebral palsy
Surgical treatment for tubal disease in women due to undergo in vitro fertilisation
Surgical treatment of fibroids for subfertility
Surgical treatment options for carpal tunnel syndrome
Surgical versus conservative interventions for anterior cruciate ligament ruptures in adults
Surgical versus conservative management for odontoid fractures
Surgical versus conservative treatment for acute injuries of the lateral ligament complex of the ankle in adults
Surgical versus endoscopic treatment of bile duct stones
Surgical versus medical methods for second trimester induced abortion
Surgical versus medical treatment with cyclooxygenase inhibitors for symptomatic patent ductus arteriosus in preterm infants
Surgical versus non-surgical endodontic re-treatment for periradicular lesions
Surgical versus non-surgical interventions for vocal cord nodules
withdrawn
Surgical versus non-surgical management of pleural empyema
Updated
Surgical versus non-surgical treatment for acute anterior shoulder dislocation
Surgical versus non-surgical treatment for carpal tunnel syndrome
Sustained-Release Naltrexone For Opioid Dependence
Symphysis-fundal height measurement in pregnancy
Updated
Symptomatic treatment of the cough in whooping cough
Synchronized mechanical ventilation for respiratory support in newborn infants
Systemic administration of local anesthetic agents to relieve neuropathic pain
Systemic antibiotics versus topical treatments for chronically discharging ears with underlying eardrum perforations
Systemic antifungal drugs for invasive fungal infection in preterm infants
Systemic antifungal therapy for tinea capitis in children
Systemic antimicrobial prophylaxis for percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy
Systemic corticosteroids for acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Systemic corticosteroids for acute gout
Systemic prokinetic pharmacologic treatment for postoperative adynamic ileus following abdominal surgery in adults
Systemic therapy for treating locoregional recurrence in women with breast cancer
Systemic treatments for metastatic cutaneous melanoma
withdrawn
Systems for routine surveillance in people with diabetes mellitus
withdrawn
Tacrine for Alzheimer's disease
Tacrolimus (FK506) for induction of remission in refractory ulcerative colitis
Tacrolimus versus cyclosporin as primary immunosuppression for kidney transplant recipients
Tai chi for treating rheumatoid arthritis
Tailored interventions based on exhaled nitric oxide versus clinical symptoms for asthma in children and adults
Tailored interventions based on sputum eosinophils versus clinical symptoms for asthma in children and adults
Tailored interventions to overcome identified barriers to change: effects on professional practice and health care outcomes
withdrawn
Tamoxifen for early breast cancer
Tamoxifen for hepatocellular carcinoma
Tamoxifen for relapse of ovarian cancer
Tamponade in surgery for retinal detachment associated with proliferative vitreoretinopathy
Tamsulosin for benign prostatic hyperplasia
Target of rapamycin inhibitors (TOR-I; sirolimus and everolimus) for primary immunosuppression in kidney transplant recipients
Target payments in primary care: effects on professional practice and health care outcomes
Target-controlled infusion versus manually-controlled infusion of propofol for general anaesthesia or sedation in adults
Targeted therapy for advanced renal cell carcinoma
Tartrazine exclusion for allergic asthma
Taxane containing regimens for metastatic breast cancer
Taxanes for adjuvant treatment of early breast cancer
Teaching critical appraisal skills in health care settings
Technical editing of research reports in biomedical journals
Techniques and materials for closure of the abdominal wall in caesarean section
Techniques and materials for skin closure in caesarean section
Techniques for caesarean section
Techniques for liver parenchymal transection in liver resection
Techniques for pelvic surgery in subfertility
Techniques for preparation prior to embryo transfer
Techniques for preventing hypotension during spinal anaesthesia for caesarean section
Techniques for surgical retrieval of sperm prior to intra-cytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) for azoospermia
Techniques for the interruption of tubal patency for female sterilisation
Tegaserod for the treatment of irritable bowel syndrome and chronic constipation
Telemedicine versus face to face patient care: effects on professional practice and health care outcomes
Telephone consultation and triage: effects on health care use and patient satisfaction
Telephone counselling for smoking cessation
Telephone follow-up, initiated by a hospital-based health professional, for postdischarge problems in patients discharged from hospital to home
Temozolomide for High Grade Glioma
Terazosin for benign prostatic hyperplasia
Terbutaline pump maintenance therapy after threatened preterm labor for preventing preterm birth
Terlipressin for acute oesophageal variceal haemorrhage
Terlipressin for hepatorenal syndrome
Testosterone for peri and postmenopausal women
Testosterone for schizophrenia
Thalidomide and thalidomide analogues for induction of remission in Crohn's disease
Thalidomide and thalidomide analogues for maintenance of remission in Crohn's disease
The effect of inotropes on morbidity and mortality in preterm infants with low systemic or organ blood flow
The effect of social franchising on access to and quality of health services in low- and middle-income countries
The effects of antimicrobial therapy on bacterial vaginosis in non-pregnant women
The effects of on-screen, point of care computer reminders on processes and outcomes of care.
The Epley (canalith repositioning) manoeuvre for benign paroxysmal positional vertigo
The impact of conditional cash transfers on health outcomes and use of health services in low and middle income countries
The impact of contracting out on health outcomes and use of health services in low and middle-income countries
The 'WHO Safe Communities' model for the prevention of injury in whole populations
Theophylline, aminophylline, caffeine and analogues for acute ischaemic stroke
Theory-based interventions for contraception
Therapeutic communities for substance related disorder
Therapeutic drug monitoring of antiretrovirals for people with HIV
Therapeutic exercise for people with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis or motor neuron disease
Therapeutic interventions for Burkitt's lymphoma in children
Therapeutic interventions for disease progression in Huntington's disease
Therapeutic interventions for herpes simplex virus epithelial keratitis
Therapeutic interventions for symptomatic treatment in Huntington's disease
Therapeutic monitoring of antiepileptic drugs for epilepsy
Therapeutic touch for anxiety disorders
Therapeutic touch for healing acute wounds
Therapeutic ultrasound for acute ankle sprains
Updated
Therapeutic ultrasound for osteoarthritis of the knee or hip
Therapeutic ultrasound for postpartum perineal pain and dyspareunia
Therapeutic ultrasound for pressure ulcers
Therapeutic ultrasound for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis
Therapeutic ultrasound for treating patellofemoral pain syndrome
Therapeutic ultrasound for venous leg ulcers
Therapies for depression in Parkinson's disease
Therapy with glatiramer acetate for multiple sclerosis
Therapy-based rehabilitation services for patients living at home more than one year after stroke
Therapy-based rehabilitation services for stroke patients at home
Thermotherapy for treating rheumatoid arthritis
Thermotherapy for treatment of osteoarthritis
Thiamine for Alzheimer's disease
Thiamine for Wernicke-Korsakoff Syndrome in people at risk from alcohol abuse
Thienopyridine derivatives versus aspirin for preventing stroke and other serious vascular events in high vascular risk patients
Thioridazine for dementia
Thioridazine for schizophrenia
Third generation cephalosporins versus conventional antibiotics for treating acute bacterial meningitis
Third trimester antiviral prophylaxis for preventing maternal genital herpes simplex virus (HSV) recurrences and neonatal infection
Thoracic stent graft versus surgery for thoracic aneurysm
Three- or four- versus two-drug antiretroviral maintenance regimens for HIV infection
Thrombolysis (different doses, routes of administration and agents) for acute ischaemic stroke
Thrombolysis for acute deep vein thrombosis
Thrombolysis for acute ischaemic stroke
Thrombolysis for cerebral vein and dural sinus thrombosis
Thrombolytic agents for arterial and venous thromboses in neonates
Thrombolytic therapy for pulmonary embolism
Thrombophilia testing for prevention of recurrent venous thromboembolism
Thyroid hormone replacement for subclinical hypothyroidism
Thyroid hormone supplementation for the prevention of morbidity and mortality in infants undergoing cardiac surgery
Thyroid hormones for preventing neurodevelopmental impairment in preterm infants
Updated
Thyrotropin-releasing hormone added to corticosteroids for women at risk of preterm birth for preventing neonatal respiratory disease
Tiagabine add-on for drug-resistant partial epilepsy
Tiagabine in the maintenance treatment of bipolar disorders
Tiagabine in the treatment of acute affective episodes in bipolar disorder
Ticlopidine versus oral anticoagulation for coronary stenting
Time to publication for results of clinical trials
Timed voiding for the management of urinary incontinence in adults
Timing and volume of fluid administration for patients with bleeding
Timing of surgery for aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage
Tiotropium for stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
TIPS versus paracentesis for cirrhotic patients with refractory ascites
Tirilazad for acute ischaemic stroke
Tissue adhesives for closure of surgical incisions
Tissue adhesives for traumatic lacerations in children and adults
Updated
Tobacco cessation interventions for young people
Tocolysis for assisting delivery at caesarean section
Tocolysis for preventing fetal distress in second stage of labour
Tocolytics for suspected intrapartum fetal distress
Token economy for schizophrenia
Tongue scraping for treating halitosis
Tongxinluo (Tong xin luo or Tong-xin-luo) capsule for unstable angina pectoris
Tongxinluo capsule for acute stroke
Tonsillectomy or adeno-tonsillectomy versus non-surgical treatment for chronic/recurrent acute tonsillitis
Topical agents and dressings for fungating wounds
Topical agents or dressings for pain in venous leg ulcers
Topical anaesthesia alone versus topical anaesthesia with intracameral lidocaine for phacoemulsification
Topical analgesia for acute otitis media
Topical antibiotics without steroids for chronically discharging ears with underlying eardrum perforations
Topical capsaicin for chronic neuropathic pain in adults
Topical corticosteroids as adjunctive therapy for bacterial keratitis
Updated
Topical cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator gene replacement for cystic fibrosis-related lung disease
Topical fluoride (toothpastes, mouthrinses, gels or varnishes) for preventing dental caries in children and adolescents
New
Topical fluoride as a cause of dental fluorosis in children
Topical glyceryl trinitrate for rotator cuff disease
Topical lidocaine for the treatment of postherpetic neuralgia
Topical nasal steroids for intermittent and persistent allergic rhinitis in children
Topical negative pressure (TNP) for partial thickness burns
Topical negative pressure for treating chronic wounds
Topical ointment for preventing infection in preterm infants
Topical pimecrolimus for eczema
Topical rubefacients for acute and chronic pain in adults
Topical silver for treating infected wounds
Topical treatment for vaginal candidiasis (thrush) in pregnancy
Topical treatments for chronic plaque psoriasis
Topical treatments for cutaneous warts
Topical treatments for fungal infections of the skin and nails of the foot.
Topical umbilical cord care at birth
Topical Vitamin A, or its derivatives, for treating and preventing napkin dermatitis in infants
Topically applied anaesthetics for treating perineal pain after childbirth
Topiramate add-on for drug-resistant partial epilepsy
Topiramate for acute affective episodes in bipolar disorder
Topotecan for ovarian cancer
Total versus subtotal hysterectomy for benign gynaecological conditions
Totally implantable vascular access devices for cystic fibrosis
Touch therapies for pain relief in adults
Tracheal gas insufflation for the prevention of morbidity and mortality in mechanically ventilated newborn infants
Tracheal suctioning without disconnection in intubated ventilated neonates
Traction for low-back pain with or without sciatica
Traditional birth attendant training for improving health behaviours and pregnancy outcomes
Traditional Chinese medicinal herbs for the treatment of idiopathic chronic fatigue and chronic fatigue syndrome
Traditional Chinese medicine for epilepsy
Traditional corticosteroids for induction of remission in Crohn's disease
Traditional suburethral sling operations for urinary incontinence in women
Training health professionals in smoking cessation
Tramadol for neuropathic pain
Tramadol for osteoarthritis
Transabdominal pre-peritoneal (TAPP) vs totally extraperitoneal (TEP) laparoscopic techniques for inguinal hernia repair.
Transcranial magnetic stimulation for the treatment of obsessive-compulsive disorder
Transcranial magnetic stimulation for treating depression
Transcutaneous electric nerve stimulation (TENS) for cancer pain in adults
Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) for chronic pain
Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation (TENS) for dementia
Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) for pain relief in labour
Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis in the hand
Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) versus placebo for chronic low-back pain
withdrawn
Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation and acupuncture-like transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation for chronic low back pain
Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation for acute pain
Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation for primary dysmenorrhoea
Transcutaneous electrostimulation for osteoarthritis of the knee
Transcutaneous electrostimulation for suspected placental insufficiency (diagnosed by Doppler studies)
Transdermal nicotine for induction of remission in ulcerative colitis
Transfer of preterm infants from incubator to open cot at lower versus higher body weight
Transfusion thresholds and other strategies for guiding allogeneic red blood cell transfusion
Transient neurologic symptoms (TNS) following spinal anaesthesia with lidocaine versus other local anaesthetics
Transmyocardial laser revascularization versus medical therapy for refractory angina
Transpyloric versus gastric tube feeding for preterm infants
Transverse verses midline incisions for abdominal surgery
Trazodone for agitation in dementia
Treadmill training and body weight support for walking after stroke
New
Treadmill training for patients with Parkinson's disease
Treatment and prevention of pouchitis after ileal pouch-anal anastomosis for chronic ulcerative colitis
Treatment blood pressure targets for hypertension
withdrawn
Treatment discontinuation with selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) versus tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs)
Treatment for amphetamine dependence and abuse
Treatment for amphetamine psychosis
Treatment for amphetamine withdrawal
Treatment for anemia in people with AIDS
Treatment for ataxia in multiple sclerosis
Treatment for avascular necrosis of bone in people with sickle cell disease
New
Treatment for Barrett's oesophagus
Treatment for Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease
Treatment for familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis/motor neuron disease
Treatment for femoral pseudoaneurysms
Updated
Treatment for Fisher syndrome, Bickerstaff's brainstem encephalitis and related disorders
Treatment for idiopathic and hereditary neuralgic amyotrophy (brachial neuritis)
Treatment for IgG and IgA paraproteinaemic neuropathy
Treatment for Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome
Treatment for lupus nephritis
Treatment for meralgia paraesthetica
Treatment for Methaqualone dependence in adults
Treatment for mitochondrial disorders
Treatment for periodic paralysis
Treatment for peritoneal dialysis-associated peritonitis
Treatment for POEMS (polyneuropathy, organomegaly, endocrinopathy, M-protein, and skin changes) syndrome
Treatment for primary postpartum haemorrhage
Treatment for spasticity in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis/motor neuron disease
Treatment for superficial thrombophlebitis of the leg
Treatment for swallowing difficulties (dysphagia) in chronic muscle disease
New
Treatment for thoracic outlet syndrome
Treatment for women with postpartum iron deficiency anaemia
Treatment Foster Care for improving outcomes in children and young people
Treatment including anthracyclines versus treatment not including anthracyclines for childhood cancer
Treatment of acute cryptococcal meningitis in HIV infected adults, with an emphasis on resource-limited settings
Treatment of hypertension in peripheral arterial disease
Treatment of infantile spasms
Treatment of Kaposi's sarcoma in HIV-1 infected individuals with emphasis on resource poor settings
Updated
Treatment of latent tuberculosis infection in HIV infected persons
Treatment of Lennox-Gastaut syndrome
Treatment of seizures in multiple sclerosis
Treatment of urinary incontinence after stroke in adults
Treatment of vaginal bleeding irregularities induced by progestin only contraceptives.
withdrawn
Treatments for breast engorgement during lactation
Treatments for gestational diabetes
Treatments for iron-deficiency anaemia in pregnancy
Treatments for priapism in boys and men with sickle cell disease
Treatments for secondary postpartum haemorrhage
Treatments for suppression of lactation
Treatments for symptomatic urinary tract infections during pregnancy
Treatments for toxoplasmosis in pregnancy
Trial of instrumental delivery in theatre versus immediate caesarean section for anticipated difficult assisted births
Tricyclic and related drugs for nocturnal enuresis in children
Tricyclic drugs for depression in children and adolescents
Trifluoperazine for schizophrenia
Triflusal for preventing serious vascular events in people at high risk
Trimetazidine for stable angina
Triphasic versus monophasic oral contraceptives for contraception
Troleandomycin as an oral corticosteroid sparing agent in stable asthma
Trypanocidal drugs for chronic asymptomatic Trypanosoma cruzi infection
Trypanocidal drugs for late stage, symptomatic Chagas disease (Trypanosoma cruzi infection)
Tryptophan and 5-Hydroxytryptophan for depression
Tubal flushing for subfertility
Tumor necrosis factor-alpha antibody for induction of remission in Crohn's disease
Tumor necrosis factor-alpha antibody for maintenance of remission in Crohn's disease
Tumour necrosis factor alpha blocking agents for induction of remission in ulcerative colitis
Twenty-four hour care for schizophrenia
Type I interferons for induction of remission in ulcerative colitis
Type of incision for below knee amputation
Types of indwelling urinary catheters for long-term bladder drainage in adults
withdrawn
Types of intra-muscular opioids for maternal pain relief in labour
Types of urethral catheters for management of short-term voiding problems in hospitalised adults
Tyrosine supplementation for phenylketonuria
Ultrasound for fetal assessment in early pregnancy
Ultrasound guidance for peripheral nerve blockade
Ultrasound versus 'clinical touch' for catheter guidance during embryo transfer in women
Updated
Umbilical artery catheters in the newborn: effects of catheter design (end vs. side hole)
Updated
Umbilical artery catheters in the newborn: effects of catheter materials
Updated
Umbilical artery catheters in the newborn: effects of heparin
Updated
Umbilical artery catheters in the newborn: effects of position of the catheter tip
Umbilical vein injection for management of retained placenta
Unfractionated or low-molecular weight heparin for induction of remission in ulcerative colitis
Unit-dose packaged drugs for treating malaria
withdrawn
Universal neonatal hearing screening versus selective screening as part of the management of childhood deafness
Urinary alkalinisation for acute chlorophenoxy herbicide poisoning
Urinary catheter policies for long-term bladder drainage
Urinary catheter policies for short-term bladder drainage in adults
Urinary diversion and bladder reconstruction/replacement using intestinal segments for intractable incontinence or following cystectomy
Urodynamic studies for management of urinary incontinence in children and adults
Ursodeoxycholic acid and/or antibiotics for prevention of biliary stent occlusion
Ursodeoxycholic acid for cystic fibrosis-related liver disease
Ursodeoxycholic acid for primary biliary cirrhosis
Use of plastic adhesive drapes during surgery for preventing surgical site infection
User-held personalised information for routine care of people with severe mental illness
Uterine artery embolization for symptomatic uterine fibroids
Uterine massage for preventing postpartum haemorrhage
Updated
Uterine muscle relaxant drugs for threatened miscarriage
Vaccines for measles, mumps and rubella in children
Vaccines for post-exposure prophylaxis against varicella (chickenpox) in children and adults
withdrawn
Vaccines for preventing anthrax
Vaccines for preventing anthrax
Vaccines for preventing cholera: killed whole cell or other subunit vaccines (injected)
Vaccines for preventing hepatitis B in health-care workers
Vaccines for preventing infection with Pseudomonas aeruginosa in cystic fibrosis
Vaccines for preventing influenza in healthy adults
Vaccines for preventing influenza in healthy children
Vaccines for preventing influenza in people with asthma
Vaccines for preventing influenza in people with cystic fibrosis
Vaccines for preventing influenza in the elderly
Vaccines for preventing invasive salmonella infections in people with sickle cell disease
Vaccines for preventing Japanese encephalitis
withdrawn
Vaccines for preventing malaria
Vaccines for preventing malaria (blood-stage)
Vaccines for preventing malaria (pre-erythrocytic)
Vaccines for preventing malaria (SPf66)
Vaccines for preventing plague
Vaccines for preventing pneumococcal infection in adults
Vaccines for preventing smallpox
Vaccines for preventing tick-borne encephalitis
Vaccines for preventing typhoid fever
Vaccines for women to prevent neonatal tetanus
Vacuum extraction versus forceps for assisted vaginal delivery
Vaginal chlorhexidine during labour for preventing maternal and neonatal infections (excluding Group B Streptococcal and HIV)
Vaginal chlorhexidine during labour to prevent early-onset neonatal group B streptococcal infection
Vaginal disinfection for preventing mother-to-child transmission of HIV infection
Vaginal misoprostol for cervical ripening and induction of labour
Vaginal prostaglandin (PGE2 and PGF2a) for induction of labour at term
Vagus nerve stimulation for partial seizures
Valerian for anxiety disorders
Validation therapy for dementia
Valproate for acute mood episodes in bipolar disorder
Valproate for schizophrenia
Valproate preparations for agitation in dementia
Valproic acid, valproate and divalproex in the maintenance treatment of bipolar disorder
Vancomycin for prophylaxis against sepsis in preterm neonates
Vascular occlusion for elective liver resections
Vasectomy occlusion techniques for male sterilization
Vasoactive drugs for acute stroke
Vasodilators and vasoactive substances for idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss
Vasopressors for shock
Velnacrine for Alzheimer's disease
Vena caval filters for the prevention of pulmonary embolism
Venepuncture versus heel lance for blood sampling in term neonates
Very early versus delayed mobilisation after stroke
withdrawn
Very tight versus tight control for diabetes in pregnancy
Vestibular rehabilitation for unilateral peripheral vestibular dysfunction
Vibroacoustic stimulation for fetal assessment in labour in the presence of a nonreassuring fetal heart rate trace
Vigabatrin for refractory partial epilepsy
Vinpocetine for acute ischaemic stroke
Vinpocetine for cognitive impairment and dementia
Virtual reality training for surgical trainees in laparoscopic surgery
Viscosupplementation for the treatment of osteoarthritis of the knee
Vision screening for amblyopia in childhood
Vision screening for correctable visual acuity deficits in school-age children and adolescents
Vision screening of older drivers for preventing road traffic injuries and fatalities
New
Visual feedback of individuals' medical imaging results for changing health behaviour
Vitamin A for non-measles pneumonia in children
Vitamin A for preventing acute lower respiratory tract infections in children up to seven years of age
Vitamin A for treating measles in children
Vitamin A supplementation during pregnancy
Vitamin A supplementation for cystic fibrosis
Vitamin A supplementation for reducing the risk of mother-to-child transmission of HIV infection
Vitamin A supplementation to prevent mortality and short and long-term morbidity in very low birthweight infants
Vitamin B for treating peripheral neuropathy
Vitamin B12 for cognition
Vitamin B6 for cognition
Vitamin C and superoxide dismutase (SOD) for diabetic retinopathy
Vitamin C for asthma
Vitamin C for preventing and treating pneumonia
Vitamin C for preventing and treating tetanus
Vitamin C for preventing and treating the common cold
Vitamin C supplementation in pregnancy
Vitamin D and vitamin D analogues for preventing fractures associated with involutional and post-menopausal osteoporosis
Vitamin D compounds for people with chronic kidney disease not requiring dialysis
Vitamin D compounds for people with chronic kidney disease requiring dialysis
New
Vitamin D for the treatment of chronic painful conditions in adults
Vitamin D supplementation for cystic fibrosis
Vitamin D supplementation in pregnancy
Vitamin E for Alzheimer's disease and mild cognitive impairment
Vitamin E for intermittent claudication
Vitamin E for neuroleptic-induced tardive dyskinesia
Vitamin E supplementation for prevention of morbidity and mortality in preterm infants
Vitamin E supplementation in pregnancy
Vitamin K antagonists or low-molecular-weight heparin for the long term treatment of symptomatic venous thromboembolism
Vitamin K for upper gastrointestinal bleeding in patients with liver diseases
Vitamin K prior to preterm birth for preventing neonatal periventricular haemorrhage
Vitamin supplementation for preventing miscarriage
Vitamins for epilepsy
Vocational rehabilitation for people with severe mental illness
Volume-targeted versus pressure-limited ventilation in the neonate
Voriconazole versus amphotericin B in cancer patients with neutropenia
Ward reduction without general anaesthesia versus reduction and repair under general anaesthesia for gastroschisis in newborn infants
Water for preventing urinary calculi
Water for wound cleansing
Weight reduction for primary prevention of stroke in adults with overweight or obesity
Weighted vaginal cones for urinary incontinence
When and how to update systematic reviews
Which anticholinergic drug for overactive bladder symptoms in adults
Whole brain radiotherapy for the treatment of multiple brain metastases
Whole grain foods for the prevention of type 2 diabetes mellitus
Wholegrain cereals for coronary heart disease
Workplace interventions for preventing work disability
Workplace interventions for smoking cessation
Wound cleansing for pressure ulcers
Wound drainage for caesarean section
Wound drains after incisional hernia repair
Wound drains following thyroid surgery
Written action plans for asthma in children
Written and verbal information versus verbal information only for patients being discharged from acute hospital settings to home
Written individualised management plans for asthma in children and adults
Written information about individual medicines for consumers
Yizhi capsule for vascular dementia
Updated
Yoga for epilepsy
Zhiling decoction for vascular dementia
Zidovudine (AZT) versus AZT plus didanosine (ddI) versus AZT plus zalcitabine (ddC) in HIV infected adults
Zinc for the common cold
Zinc supplementation for improving pregnancy and infant outcome
Zinc supplementation for the prevention of type 2 diabetes mellitus
Ziprasidone for schizophrenia and severe mental illness
Ziprasidone versus other atypical antipsychotics for schizophrenia
Zonisamide add-on for drug-resistant partial epilepsy
Zotepine for schizophrenia
New
Zotepine versus other atypical antipsychotics for schizophrenia
Zuclopenthixol acetate for acute schizophrenia and similar serious mental illnesses
Zuclopenthixol decanoate for schizophrenia and other serious mental illnesses
Zuclopenthixol dihydrochloride for schizophrenia